• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.41
• /
• pp.133-152
• /
• 2015

Some artists and scientists in physics and animation originating from research on its form of expression thanks to the rapid development of the example in the late 20th century image production technology integrating existing media feature, perform a re-creation and pop culture content has been recognized as a key factor. animation of the modern emphasis is also commercial and artistic activities as show whether the artist can not be excluded that also target audience. The audience does not want only to receive offers simply 'seeing' and 'hearing' in the animation requires a more indirect mental met. the other side, the director should lead the audience to immerse myself in work as intended mystification induce the world. where a conflict occurs between the audience and the director and The director needs to have its troubleshooting point to 'Technology of the communication'. Which is reduced to 'How will tell,' is technology communication technologies that are abbreviated representations of animation director is accessible to the audience and it is a close relationship between the psychological aspect of audience. Because, the audience is reproduced in a limited space, but he called on the board of directors and the same time the screen, the audience located at reception and the director located at provide. It is given. led force is given to the director. for this reason, The director needs to pay attention to the psychological aspect of audience this can be explained based on psychoanalytic theory. In this paper, "How can you lie to the audience and the director is the same line?" put down logic that is the animation audience under the logic that takes place visually capture phenomenon "selective attention" and sub-concept of "goal-directed selection' and 'stimulus-driven capturel' for theory of psychology. also, Induction device to elicit selective attention of the audience accordingly, let's consider whether and how they apply in animation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.99 no.3
• /
• pp.423-431
• /
• 2010

To determine physical and physiological factors for Liriodendron tulipifera L. somatic embryo germination, temporary immersion bioreactor (TIB) system was investigated. It was designed to immerse liquid media with plantlets so that it was able to adjust the immersion time. Immersion of 120 minutes every 4 hours and 60 minutes every 4 hours was found to be effective in germination (91.64%, 85.67%, respectively). However, hyperhydricity of the plantlets was higher in short immersion time (15 minutes every 6 hours) and long immersion time (120 minutes every 4 hours) (51.61%, 34.28%, respectively). Immersion of 60 minutes every 4 hours showed the lowest hyperhydric plantlets, and also it showed the lowest activities of abscisic acid (ABA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase. The overall results implied that immersion time of media affected germination and growth of somatic embryo, and it was able to make use of germination and growth of L. tulipifera somatic embryos.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.59-66
• /
• 2008

Purpose: It has been shown that the inorganic polyphosphate is effective for the regeneration of bones through the preliminary animal test of rabbits. The most effective concentration of the polyphosphate, however, is not known yet. Moreover, the effectiveness of carriers inside human body is not confirmed.. Materials and Methods: In this study, we examined the effect of the concentration of the inorganic polyphosphate on the process of the bone regeneration using the 6 weeks old rabbits with the weight of 2.0 kg in average. We performed the experiment using TR-ePTFE membrane(membrane) filled with collagen immersed in 4%, 8% of inorganic polyphosphate, respectively, following removal of the proper sized cortical bones from the rabbit calvaria. The experimental results were compared with the one of the following four groups: The negative control group for membrane only, the positive control group for membrane filled with collagen, the first experimental group for membrane filled with collagen immersed in 4% of inorganic polyphosphate, and the second experimental group for membrane filled with collagen immerse in 8% of inorganic polyphosphate. The fragments of the tissue with membrane obtained from each group of the sacrificed rabbits for 8 or 16 weeks sustained after surgery were then prestained by the Hematoxylin-Eosin stain and coated by resin to form non-decalcified specimens for the histologic examination and analysis. New bone formation was assessed by histomorphometric and statistical analysis. Results: 1. All groups have shown better bone regeneration at 16weeks than 8weeks. 2. Negative control group has shown more bone regeneration relative to the other groups at 8 and 16 weeks. 3. All experimental groups have shown better bone regeneration relative to positive control group. 4. At 16 weeks, the first experimental group has shown more bone regeneration compared to the second experimental group. Exophytic bone formation is not good at the first and the second experimental groups compared with negative control group. But, the use of 4% inorganic polyphosphate was more effective to bone formation than the use of 8% inorganic polyphosphate. Conclusion: With above results, it is suggested the use of inorganic polyphosphate with vehicle under TR-ePTFE membrane.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.49-60
• /
• 2009

Outdoor iron artefacts are easily corroded by salts, especially $Cl^-$ion, from environmental pollutants and acid rain because of their location, so that they need conservational treatments such as stabilization. However the conservation of outdoor iron artefacts are limited to be consolidated for the present and there are a few the studies for the desalinization. The general desalinization method is that objects are immersed in reagent such as alkaline corrosion inhibiting solutions targeting on buried iron artefacts, thus they are not available for outdoor iron artefacts. In this study, concerning those difficulties, the different desalting method is experimented that materials soaked in alkaline solutions attach to objects and they are packed by waterproof to avoid evaporation. This paper experiment burial iron artefacts at first in order to fine out an adaptable method for outdoor iron artefacts. The soaking materials are Korean traditional paper, gauze, cotton wipers, spill pads and the desalting regent is NaOH 0.1M. Additionally the exiting desalinization method which is to immerse objects in solution is performed to compare. The analyses are microscopes, SEM-EDS, X-ray diffraction, pH meter and Ion chromatography. The result is that spill pads show the best desalting effect out of other materials similar to immersing desalting method.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.39
• /
• pp.183-214
• /
• 2015

For a long time, Disney has made animations including world views such as family-focused, conservative ideology, happy ending, etc. for families. Periodical situation and spectators' demands have been changed little by little, but Disney is still a company who is the most successful both nominally and virtually in animation industry. For the secrets of their success, there is fantasy world of fabricated animation, thoroughly organized story and image. When spectators watch animations, their sufficient immersion in the fantasy is to let them forget realities. In the introduction of Disney animations, spectators turn off the switch of realities and turn on the switch of fantasy world through the procedure to recognize and confirm virtual world sufficiently. In the switch of the introduction used frequently by Disney, there are four methods. First is to start while opening the cover of storybook. Second is to start while storyteller gives a talk directly. Third is to start with live action film and continue to animation. Fourth is musical method. Those four switches play a role of the gate which distinguishes spectators' realities from Disney's fantasy clearly. The process makes an opportunity to set spectators who feel uneasy due to the vague boundary between realities and fantasy at ease and let them immerse in animation sufficiently with mind at ease.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2013.08a
• /
• pp.249-249
• /
• 2013

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a sensitive approach to detect and to identify a variety of molecules. To enhance the Raman signal, optimization of the gap between nanostructures is quite important. One-dimensional materials such as nanowires, nanotubes, and nanograsses have great potential to be used in SERS due to their unique sizes and shape dependent characteristics. In this study we investigate a simple way to fabricate SERS substrates based on randomly grown copper oxide (CuO) nanowires. CuO nanograss is fabricated on pre-cleaned Cu foils. Cu oxidized in an ammonium ambient solution of 2.5 M NaOH and 0.1 M $(NH_4)_2S_2O_8$ at $4^{\circ}C$ for 10, 30, and 60 minutes. Then, Cu(OH)2 nanostructures are formed and dried at $180^{\circ}C$ for 2 h. With the drying process, the Cu(OH)2 nanostructure is transformed to CuO nanograss by dehydration reaction. CuO nanograss are grown randomly on Cu foil with the average length of 10 ${\mu}m$ and the average diameter of a 100 nm. CuO nanograsses are covered by Ag with various thicknesses from 10 to 30 nm using a thermal evaporator. Then, we immerse uncoated and Ag coated CuO nanowire samples of various oxidation times in a 0.001M methanol-based 4-mercaptopyridine (4-Mpy) in order to evaluate SERS enhancement. Raman shift and SERS enhancement are measured using a Raman spectrometer (Horiba, LabRAM ARAMIS Spectrometer) with the laser wavelength of 532 nm. Raman scattering is believed to be enhanced by the interaction between CuO nanograss and Ag island film. The gaps between Ag covered CuO nanograsses are diverse from <10 nm at the bottom to ~200 nm at the top of nanograsses. SERS signal are improved where the gaps are minimized to near 10s of nanometers. There are many spots that provide sufficiently narrow gap between the structures on randomly grown CuO nanograss surface. Then we may find optimal enhancement of Raman signal using the mapping data of average results. Fabrication of CuO nanograss based on a solution method is relatively simple and fast so this result can potentially provide a path toward cost effective fabrication of SERS substrate for sensing applications.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2008.11b
• /
• pp.1916-1932
• /
• 2008

The railway accident is characterized by widespread and great(immerse) damage to our society when an accident occurred even if the probability of a railway accident is low. It is no doubt that the role of a rolling stock driver who are active in the first line of the rail safety driving is the most important to prevent an unexpected railway accident. Before new railway safety law being taken into effect, each railway operating organization had the responsibility of training a rolling stock driver by qualification criteria (the requirements or standards of competency), training period, probation period decided on their own standards. To train drivers driving same locomotive model, each railway operating organization had a variety of standards to draft and train trainees. Consequently, It was considered inefficient way to train and manage rolling stock drivers. However, after implementing the new railway safety law, a new system including training and evaluation process to issue driver's license on the condition that entire requirements are satisfied has been established. To prove the competency of the rolling stock driver objectively, training center and third-party evaluation center are divided individually and assigned by government office. Training center should design the training program to allot theatrical education time for different trainee group and to secure maximum practical training time utilizing simulator system to enhance the rolling stock driver's competency. This study analyzes certain conditions necessary to maximize the effectiveness and practical use of training for aquisition of a driver's license and the problems of the existing rail safety law and the ways to improve them.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 2021

Screen Golf provides a more realistic interface to users by implementing sophisticated sensors and 3D graphics so that they can play golf in an environment almost identical to the actual golf course, to provide a sense of reality that goes beyond simply enjoying golf indoors. In addition, users who experienced this interface environment showed a tendency to feel the fun of golf more and become more immersed in golf. Therefore, it is most important to provide an effective realistic interface in screen golf. In this study, the meaning of screen golf as a tangible sport and various interface elements embodied in screen golf were summarized. Also the factors that enable users to feel reality and fun of actual golf to make users more immersed in screen golf were identified. For this, interface elements based on sensory elements were arranged in terms of visual, auditory, and tactile sense, and improvement plans and directions for providing effective sensory interfaces for screen golf were suggested through user FGI, targeting regular customers of Golfzone and KakaoVX screen golf, and in-depth interviews with experts. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the course information including the yardage and the play situation-directed graphic are elements that make immersion in the visual aspect. In terms of tactile aspect, the fact that users actually use golf equipment, as well as the sense of existence of a physical interface that embodies various course environments and course setting appeared to be an important factor. In particular, in the auditory aspect, it was confirmed that providing customized services for each user through AI caddy implemented to resemble a actual caddy is the most effective way to immerse users in screen golf with greater fun and realism.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.557-569
• /
• 2021

In preparation for the future society, the educational curriculum is changing according to the trend of the times, and with the advent of the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution, the purpose of the new 2015 revised curriculum was suggested to foster the convergence creativity of students. The purpose of software education is to promote creativity and further develop problem-solving skills in connection with real life. In addition, flow in learning leads to outstanding educational achievement. However, in elementary school computer education, there is still a lack of development of a convergence class model for students to easily immerse themselves and promote creative problem-solving skills. Therefore, in this study, we designed convergence computer education using Novel Engineering, which is a convergence class model suitable for these educational conditions and applied it to classes. Further, to measure the effect on the improvement of learning flow and creative problem-solving ability. the Novel Engineering-based computer class was applied to the experimental group for 6th graders, and the general computer class was applied to the control group. As a result of the pre-post test between groups, it was found that computer classes using Novel Engineering had a positive effect on learning flow and creative problem-solving ability.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.405-413
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate empathic ability, Nunchi, learning flow and clinical competency, and to identify the influencing factors on clinical competency of nursing students. Method: There were 179 nursing students as participants in K city, who were surveyed between May 10 and May 14, 2021, using a self-report questionnaire. Data were analyzed by frequencies, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression using SPSS Win 21.0. Result: There was a positive correlation between empathic ability and Nunchi(r=.148, p=.048) and between learning flow and clinical competency(r=.605, p<.001). In the multiple regression, Academic achievement(𝛽=.129, p=.049), Age(𝛽=-.116, p=.014) and satisfaction of clinical practice(𝛽=-.242, p<.001) were associated with clinical competency. These factors accounted for 38.4% of the total variance in clinical competency. Therefore, to improve clinical competency of online nursing practice of nursing college students, it is necessary to develop a specific strategy to improve academic achievement and to develop various activities and programs to immerse students in satisfaction of online practice.