• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.163-176
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• 2020

Longitudinal studies have shown mixed findings on the association between body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem among adolescents. This study examined the longitudinal, reciprocal influences between body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem among Korean pre- and early adolescents by using nationally representative longitudinal panel data from the Korean Youth Panel Study (KYPS). Analyses based on 2,230 participants indicated that girls' body image dissatisfaction was significantly higher than boys'. The trajectory of body image dissatisfaction increased sharply during pre- and early adolescence, but stabilized afterwards for both boys and girls. Self-esteem deteriorated rapidly initially, but began to recover as adolescent girls and boys matured. Structural equation modeling showed that reciprocal influences between body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem were detected for boys. Body image dissatisfaction among girls predicted self-esteem during the entire period, while the opposite direction from self-esteem to body image dissatisfaction emerged two years later. The present study found that, during pre- and early adolescence, body image dissatisfaction and self-esteem develop in a circular fashion by forming a vicious cycle. Implications for the development of intervention and prevention programs are discussed in consideration of age and gender.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.214-224
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• 2020

Physics image and interest are factors that influence physics learning. Freshmen enter an engineering college under various learning conditions when they were in high school. Understanding physics image and interest according to characteristics of freshmen will help college physics education. The purpose of this study is to investigate the physics image and interest of freshmen in an engineering college according to their gender and physics course completion in high school and discuss the educational implications of college students on physics learning. The subjects of the study are 664 first grade students in engineering college. We analyzed physics image and interest of students according to gender and physics course completion in high school. Physics image is analyzed using semantic analysis. As a result of the analysis, the physics image is different according to the physics course completion. Interest in Physics depends on gender and physics course completion. Finally, we discuss the educational implications of college physics learning for engineering students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50
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• pp.23-32
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the mothers' preferences for their children's clothing images and color images. Questionaries were analysed by factor analysis cluster analysis one way ANOVA x2 -test. The results are as follow: First the preferred clothing images for children have no differences across gender. The preferred images are active tidy and fashionable. Second the preferred clothing images are according to season. In the case of clothing color images the preferences in spring and summer seasons are differed from fall and winter seasons. Third factors of boy's clothing image were fashionable cute splendid and classic And factors for girl's clothing image were lively tidy fashionable and classic. These factors revealed the differences of preferences between boys and girls clothing image. Fourth the preferences of clothing color image for children changed across seasons. Bright and neat color images were preferred in spring and summer warm and deep color images were preferred in fall and winter. Fifty the preferences of clothing images classified into four groups and each group has the different preference in color tone. Finally Season and gender were revealed to be more important variables in the preferences of children's clothing image and color image.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.419-429
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to research the preference for the entertainers image and imitation behavior. The research was a survey and the subjects were 1,034 middle and high school students. The collected data was analyzed using frequency, statistics analysis, t-test, crosstab, ANOVA, factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. Result were as follows; The preference for the entertainment, most of the adolescents loved the singer and the TV talent. The feminine and urban image was their favorite image for the entertainer. The favorite image was significantly different according to the gender and age. Star entertainer imitation behaviors showed the differences according as adolescent's gender and age. The unique marketing strategy is required as the job in the entertainment business, so the tend to follow up and imitate all attractive factors and favorite image of the entertainer. This study was for helping the adolescent who are very sensitive and going to set up their identification to get the role model as the fair way to be the social member, helping the one to set up the image-making way for each entertainment's job, and helping the enterprise who want to use the image of the star in their promotion.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.81-93
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the image, perception, and preference type of high school students of Hanbok and examine the differences according to gender and participation in Hanbok classes. For this purpose, a survey was conducted with 438 high school students in Busan. Frequency analysis, chi-square test, t-test, and F-test were performed using the SPSS and the results were as follows. Firstly, for most high school students, Hanbok has an elegant image, but it was also confirmed that they perceive Hanbok to have a splendid image due to its exposure in mass media and SNS. The image of Hanbok differed by gender and participation in Hanbok classes. A higher percentage of male students than female students perceived Hanbok to have rustic image. Secondly, the type of hanbok that high school students prefer was traditional Hanbok, followed by fusion Hanbok, casual Hanbok, and fashion Hanbok. Hanbok preference type differed by gender and participation in classes. Group participating in hanbok classes showed a higher preference for fashion Hanbok than those who did not. Thirdly, high school students' perception of traditional Hanbok was above average. By subcomponents, it was shown in the order of 'esthetics', 'sustainability', and 'practicality'. It was found that there were statistically significant differences in traditional Hanbok perception according to gender and participation in Hanbok classes. Female students evaluated more positively for traditional Hanbok than male students and students who participate in Hanbok classes evaluated traditional Hanbok more positively than non-participating students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.44
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• pp.37-56
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• 1999

In clothing, a tendency of Bisexuality is in case of wearing clothing of the opposite sex, the mixing of modeling principle and characteristic of man and woman, the exclusion characteristic of sexuality that present sexlessness-the third sex. They-Designer Gabrielle Chanel, YSL, Giorgio Armani-give characteristic of man's fashion to women's fashion. However, the consciousness in design is different. Chanel apply principle of man's suit to woman's wear to express authority and power about gender image, hereby she express women liberation and equality of man and woman based on social ideology through fashion especially, she express women's sexual independency and self assurance to her clothing. YSL express liberal and bold women that pursuit reasonal and liberal life in 1970. As he apply tailoed suit's rigidity to women's wear, he made 'pants look' universal in women's wear through“Dress for success”in modern life. Armani apply successful modern image to women's wear, so he express women's image of confident intellegent as well as feminine image. He focus women's new image as man living liberal and indivisual life excluding social category rather than will of equality of man and women. Gernreich break sexual prejudice and release women freely, furthermore, as he express concern of sexuality pursuit liberty of mankind surpassing sex distinction with women liberty. Gianni Versace pursuit mix and extinguishment of sexual image many-sided, and break fixed idea of sex, and reprovide feminine and masculine image. So his design tend homosexuality because he regard women's glamor and ostensible sexuality as standard of beauty, he apply this to man's wear as well as women's wear. With this, he expresses sensitive and liberal man's that break characteristic of Gender that symbolize power and authority in man's wear through 'Without ties'.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1-12
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• 2009

The purpose of the study is to investigate developmental changes in the effect of sociocultural factors towards appearance, body mass index and self-esteem on body image. Participants were 315elementary school, 305middle school students, 310hight school students and 346college students from Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. Collected data were analyzed through Cronbach's $\alpha$, Two-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The findings of the study were as follows: 1) Sociocultural factors towards appearance, body mass index, self-esteem and body image differed by grade and gender. 2) Peers, self-esteem, BMI and mass media were significant predictors of elementary school students' body image. Mass media, BMI and self-esteem were significant predictors of middle school students' body image. Self-esteem, peers, BMI, gender and mass media were significant predictors of high school students' body image. Self-esteem, mass media and BMI were significant predictors of college students' body image.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.76-85
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• 2019

is based on a true story of the first transgender individual. It portrays psychological changes visually during the protagonist's confusion with self-identity based on gender. This study analyzes gender identity in contemporary fashion intensively based on gender images and costumes appearing in the film . In the society lacking a fixed gender image, this study provides a timely insight into gender identities by analyzing the fashions depicted in the movie. The movie is a true story of the first transgender person working hard to determine his or her own gender identity. As a research method, the theoretical basis of genderless approach was established via literature review. The characteristics of genderless identity were determined by dividing the movie into established and ambiguous gender periods to analyze the comprehensive changes in costumes for comparison. Einer Wagner representing male identity portrays men's fashion whereas Lily Elbe representing female identity depicts women's fashion. While the two different genders find their places in a single body, the confusion creates genderless fashion. By dividing these phases into femininity, masculinity and genderless categories, each costume was analyzed comprehensively, and the images of relatively changing fashion were studied by altering the gender identity. Four characteristics including androgyne, rebellion, pleasure and balance were derived from the gender identity based on Fashion in .

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.151-161
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of Men's Jacket design in Paul Smith. According to the Change of Gender Image. Following study comprehends gender images and the concept of man's jacket through series of collected data and observes the influence that sociocultural background had upon men's wear. A standard of contemporary men's jacket, the subject of this study, is established based on the review of literature. According to this specific standard, photos of men's jacket were obtained from Paul Smith men collection and from these data the characteristics of men's jacket were analyzed. The method of this following study was to establish a standard of data collection from review of literature and to gather 721 photos of men's jacket from Paul Smith, which consistently appeared in first view korea for 28 seasons from 2001 s/s collection to 2014 f/w collection. Design characteristics of collected data were categorized by shape, color, fabric. This study brought forth following results. Paul Smith's jacket had more X-shape silhouette of feminine image. Color was mostly low chroma of RB series, so that masculine images could be pointed out. Compared to other brands, from 2004 to 2006, more jackets with natural pattern and abstract pattern were widely seen. In terms of fabric, feminine fabrics with glossy and flexible characteristics were used.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.481-491
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to find out how important providing nutrition education to young students is. The study is based on the assumption that students' food behavior, nutrition knowledge and cognition of body image, weight control and nutrition education are considerably influenced by gender. A total of 495 students (249 boy and 246 girl students) were surveyed in one middle school located Siheungsi, Gyeonggido. The average height and weight of the boy and girl students are 164.6 cm, 54.4 kg and l58.5cm, 47kg, respectively. According to average BMI, the boy students($20.0kg/m^2$) are in the normal state. However, the girl students($18.2kg/m^2$) are underweight. For the status of meal intake, 52.4% of the students took breakfast everyday. Female students had dinner with lower intake frequency than males(p<0.05). For snack intake, the kinds of snack differ according to gender(p<0.05); more milk for male and more fruit for female students. The scores of dietary behavior based on Mini Dietary Assessment were 21.5/30 for male and 21.3/30 for female students. The nutrition knowledge scores of 4.6/10 for male and 4.6/10 for female students were not significantly different according to gender. The score of dietary behavior is based on Mini Dietary Assessment. The survey shows that in terms of the experience of weight control, 35.5% of the girl students have made an effort to watch their weight and 21.8% of the boy students have tried controlling their weight(p<0.0001). It turns out that the students who have been provided nutrition education are more satisfied with their body shape than those who have never been provided nutrition education(p<0.05).