• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.258-267
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the practical use of process skill under the seventh curriculum at secondary school and teachers' perceptions about hypothesis. Two hundred and twenty-two secondary science teachers responded to a survey. Among all process skills, data interpretation was found to be used most frequently by science teachers. The second most-commonly utilized skill was conclusion, and the least employed skill was hypothesis formation followed closely by data transformation. In addition to these results, the most difficult process skill practised by science teachers was hypothesis formation, followed by data transformation, and controling variables. A majority of science teachers (63.1%) properly defined hypothesis, but only a significant number (5.0%) chose the correct example about hypothesis in real-world contexts. More than ninety percent of science teachers believed the skill of hypothesis formation could be put to use in junior high to senior high school, but practical use of the skill, was too difficult for the science class

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.97-114
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• 2018

This study was intended to empirically examine the influence that the omni-channel brand experience would have on omni-channel brand relationship formation and achievements. All hypotheses were adopted, except for 1 hypothesis(Hypothesis 5), among 12 hypotheses. Specific results were as below: First, omni-channel brand experience had a positive(+) influence on brand trust(Hypothesis 1), brand identification(Hypothesis 2), and consumer-brand relationship(Hypothesis 3) as a whole. The brand trust had a positive(+) influence on brand identification(Hypothesis 4), but did not have statistically significant influence on consumer-brand relationship(Hypothesis 5). Meanwhile, brand identification had a positive(+) influence on consumer-brand relationship(Hypothesis 6). Second, consumer-brand relationship had a positive(+) influence on re-purchase intention(Hypothesis 7), word-of-mouth intention(Hypothesis 8), and brand extension acceptability(Hypothesis 9) as a whole. Finally, omni-channel brand showed the following relationship with and achievements. re-purchase intention had a positive(+) influence on both word-of-mouth intention(Hypothesis 10) and brand extension acceptability(Hypothesis 11) while word-of-mouth intention had a positive(+) influence on brand extension acceptability. The results of this study may provide theoretical and practical implications for marketing managers' understanding and strategy planning in connection with consumer experience and relationship formation promoted recently by omni-channel brands of distribution companies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.107-118
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• 1985

This paper is considerd a coalition formation problem with several game theoretical hypothesis and analyzed its usefulness in elect ion games.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.289-298
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• 2015

Purpose: This study examined the problem of crack formation in the fire control system(FCS) of the K11 objective individual combat weapon(OCIW), using design of experiment analysis. Three hypothesis were considered. The first hypothesis is that bolted joint has an effect on impulse caused by firing the weapon and the second hypothesis is that a short time interval of shooting has an effect on impulse and lastly, the third hypothesis is that a positive correlation has between the bolted joint of the FCS and the impulse. Methods: The relationship between the bolted joint and the impulse cause by firing the weapon were examined experimentally. The first and second hypothesis was tested using correlation analysis and the t-test. Results: Using ANOVA, the first null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. ANONA confirmed the second null hypothesis. Correlation analysis dismissed the last null hypothesis. A positive correlation between the bolted joint and the impulse caused by shooting the weapon was verified. Conclusion: The bolted joint of the K11 FCS and the barrel of the K11 affect the impulse caused by firing the weapon. A positive correlation was established between the bolted joint of the FCS and the impulse on firing the K11 OICW.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.994-1002
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was to identify the effects of hope intervention on hope and depression of cancer patients staying at home. Methods: The study design was a randomized control group design. The subjects consisted of forty cancer patients randomly selected who were registered at S-Gu Public Health Center. Hope intervention, which was composed of hope assessment, hope objective setting, positive self identity formation, therapeutic relationships, spiritual & transcendental process improvement, positive environmental formation and hope evaluation, was provided from November 20, 2006 to January 26, 2007. Results: The 1-1 hypothesis, "The experimental group which received hope intervention will have a higher score of hope than the control group", was supported(t=-3.253, p= .003). The 1-2 hypothesis, "The experimental group which received hope intervention will have a higher level of hope index than the control group", was supported (t=-4.001, p= .000). Therefore the 1st hypothesis, "The experimental group which received hope intervention will have a higher level of hope than the control group" was supported. The 2nd hypothesis, "The experimental group which received hope intervention will have a lower level of depression than the control group", was not supported (t=1.872, p= .070). Conclusion: Hope intervention is an effective nursing intervention to enhance hope for patient with cancer.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.63.1-63.1
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• 2020

We investigate the effect of recent star formation (RSF) on the α-elements-to-iron ratio ([α/Fe]) estimation for galaxies. Measuring galactic [α/Fe] is a powerful tool to pinpointing the timescale of chemical evolution and star formation. Our working hypothesis is that, with increasing stellar surface temperature, absorption equivalent width (EW) of α-elements decreases faster than that of Fe-peak elements, and thus RSF will lower the line ratio of EW(α)/EW(Fe). Moreover, young stars outshine, effectively lowering EW(α)/EW(Fe) of integrated light of RSF galaxies. Here we test our hypothesis using SDSS (optical spectrophotometric), GALEX (UV photometric) and IllustrisTNG datasets, and show that, if RSF is not considered thoroughly, EW(α)/EW(Fe) lowered by RSF can be routinely misinterpreted as low [α/Fe]. We discuss possible implications of the result in the context of the conventional [α/Fe]-mass relation of galaxies.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.96-108
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• 2022

This study investigates how affects elicited by visual images in print ads are integrated to form a liking for the ads. Assuming a sequential rather than simultaneous processing of still-cut images, we adopt the 'think-aloud' method to capture consumers' spontaneous responses to visual images. We hypothesize that not only would consumers show mixed affects toward a still-cut visual image but that they would also integrate their serial affects heuristically rather than simply averaging the affects as suggested by the compensatory hypothesis. By comparing the effects of two contradictory affect integration hypotheses (i.e., peak-affect and mood-maintenance) with compensatory integration, using a single regression model, we found that peak-negative along with mood maintenance integration of serial affects for a print ad works best in the formation of ad liking. The results also support our initial premise that people can have mixed valence even toward a still-cut ad.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 2019

This study is to examine the effects of business management competency, organizational management competency, relationship formation competency, marketing competency, and entrepreneurship, which are perceived by organizational members of social enterprise, on organizational performance, economic performance and social performance. The results of this study are as follows. First, the business management competency of the executives influencing the economic performance, which is the organization performance of the hypothetical social enterprise, was adopted. In other words, the organizational management competency (H1-1), the relationship formation competency (H1-2), the marketing competency (H1-3), and the entrepreneurship (H1-4), which are executive business management competency, have a positive effect on the organizational performance of the social enterprise respectively. Second, Hypothesis 2 indicates that the business management competency of social enterprise executives has a positive effect on organizational performance, social performance, and Hypothesis 2 has been adopted. In other words, the business management competency of the management on the social performance of the social enterprise is in the order of relationship forming competency (H2-2), marketing competency (H2-3), organizationalmanagement competency (H2-1), entrepreneurship (H2-4) Showed high influence. The higher the relationship formation competency, marketing competency, organizational competency, and entrepreneurship, which are the business management competency of the social enterprise management, the economic social performance of the social enterprise is more improved.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.161-182
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors of conflict formation, conflict resolution type, and relationship performance between convenience store franchise headquarters and franchise stores operated by the franchise system located in the metropolitan area. The conclusion could be summarized as follows. First, according to factor analysis based on the previous research, the factor of conflict between convenience store headquarters and franchisee was tied to three factors such as goal disagreement, doctrinal discrepancy, and interdependence, whereas conflict resolution type was linked to three factors such as cooperation type, attack type, and avoidance type. Finally, the relationship performance is tied to three factors: financial performance, long-term cooperation, and non-financial performance. Second, as a result of Hypothesis 1, the interdependence was positively correlated when the cooperative type was the dependent variable. The target discrepancy was significantly positive(+) when the aggressive type was the dependent variable. The interdependence was significantly negative(-) when the avoidance type was the dependent variable. There also was a significantly positive(+) relationship in the target disagreement. Third, for Hypothesis 2, it is shown that target inconsistency is negative(-) for all cases where financial performance, long-term cooperation, and non-financial performance are dependent variables. Fourth, for Hypothesis 3, when the financial performance is the dependent variable, only the cooperative type shows a positive(+) relationship. On the other hand, when the long-term cooperation and the non-financial aptitude are the dependent variables, the cooperative type has a significant positive(+) relationship.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2015

In the present study, we investigated the effect of staurosporine on the formation of cellular processes in human gingival fibroblasts and rat astrocytes. Staurosporine caused a rapid induction of process formation in human gingival fibroblasts and rat astrocytes in a concentration dependent manner. The process formation of human gingival fibroblasts and rat astrocytes was prevented by the pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine, suggesting that staurosporine-induced ROS production was responsible for the process formation. Colchicine, a microtubule depolymerizing agent, inhibited the staurosporine-induced process formation, whereas cytochalasin D, an actin filament breakdown agent, failed to suppress the formation of cellular processes. This result indicated that polymerization of microtubule, and not actin filament, was responsible for the formation of cellular processes induced by staurosporine. In support of this hypothesis, Western blot analysis was conducted using anti-tubulin antibody, and the results showed that the amount of polymerized microtubule was increased by the treatment with staurosporine while that of depolymerized beta-tubulin in soluble fraction was decreased. These results indicate that staurosporine induces ROS-mediated, microtubule-dependent formation of cellular processes in human gingival fibroblasts and rat astrocytes.