• Title/Summary/Keyword: hybrid species

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Functional Genomics for Mass Analysis of Useful Genes in Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (인삼의 유용유전자원 확보를 위한 기능 유전체연구)

  • Yang, Deok-Chun
    • Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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    • 2004.05a
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    • pp.17-28
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    • 2004
  • As Korean ginseng is hybrid, an individual variation is very severe, and it takes long times in new breeding because it is required 4 years to pick the seed. But, transformation technique makes the high-functional breeding in short time. The focus of these ginseng studies is to find and secure the useful gene. And it is urgent to accumulate the fundamental data for the molecular breeding and secure the useful genes. Therefore, transformation and soil acclimatization technique are necessary to molecular breeding in use of the introduction of functional genes. In this study, it add to secure of new regulation gene and useful gene as to accumulate the fundamental data for the place where it will contribute to raise the national competitive power. To analyze the useful genes in large scale, we constructed CDNA libraries with various tissues, species, and treated tissue. EST analysis of ginseng perform in large scale and build the EST database of ginseng. We perform the full length sequencing about the selected lots of clones that include the entire open reading frame of the amino acid residues and construct cDNA chip with the parental EST clones. Establishment of the transformation and a soil acclimatization system throuth the re-introduction of the selected ginseng gene that related with the secondary metabolism and anti-stress into the ginseng.

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A study on the Bending Property of Structural Size Skin-Timber (대단면 스킨팀버의 휨 성질에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Gwang-Chul
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.26-37
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    • 2012
  • Recently, the demand and supply on the Hanok have been increased. However, Hanok should be requested larger section of structural members because of excessive roof weight. So, structural skin-timber was manufactured to get a lightweight structural member. The structural skin-timber has exterior shape with larger section but a great volume of wood be removed. The reduced strength of structural skin-timber can be supplemented by hybridizaion of structural member. Japanese larch and Domestic pine were used to manufacture the structural skin-timber. Structural skin-timbers of rectangular shape and cylinder shape were manufactured and tested to evaluate the bending properties. The intended strength property could not be obtained because member had been suffered severe damage by precision deficiency of manufacturing machine. However, if precision of manufacturing machine would be improved and additional hybridizaion of structural skin-timber would be done, lightweight structural member will be able to be manufactured. Structural skin-timber did not showed statistical significancy between two species, so it is possible to use pine mixed with larch. Only MOR of larch showed statistical significancy between rectangular shape and cylinder shape, so it is necessary to use of those as separate things. However, the rest of skin-timber can be judged mixed using because of non statistical significancy. The objective of this study was the development of lightweight larger structural member with relatively strength. If hybrid member of skin-timber could be developed with wood-ceramics, lightweight steel and more, it can be possible to be used as a building material of Hanok, interior material, post & beam construction material and more.

Phylogeny of Korean Viola based on ITS sequences (ITS 염기서열에 의한 한국산 제비꽃속(Viola)의 계통 유연관계)

  • Yoo, Ki-Oug;Jang, Su-Kil;Lee, Woo-Tchul
    • Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.7-23
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    • 2005
  • Molecular phylogenetic studies were conducted to evaluate interspecific relationships in 40 populations of Viola including 35 Korean taxa, four Japanese populations and one outgroup using nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences. The phylogenetic analyses were conducted using parsimony and neighbor-joining methods. Subsection Trigonocarpae of section Nomimium appeared as the most basal clade within the Korean Viola. Section Dischidium and Chamaemelanium was monophyletidbootstrap 100%) and placed between subsect. Trigonocarpae and three other subsections of sect. Nomimium. Sect. Nomimium was paraphyletic. Although each subsectional grouping was in accordance with previous infrageneric classification based on morphological characters, yet discordance remained at the series level. Two evolutionary trends observed in the ITS tree were as follows. First, subsect. Trigonocarpae(x=10) was derived from the outgroup(x=6); Second, subsects. Bilobatae and Vaginatae(x=10 or 12), and subsect. Patellares(x=12) of sect. Nomimium were originated from sects. Dischidium and Chamaemelanium(x=6). Viola albida complex including three very closely related taxa was recognized as independent group within subsect. Patellares in parsimony tree. This result suggested that they should be treated as a taxa in series Pinnatae. Phylogenetic position of a putative hybrid species, Viola woosanensis was not supported with previous morphological hypothesis.

A checklist of Gasan Mt.: an online platform for virtual specimens (온라인 생물정보 플랫폼에 기반한 가산의 관속식물목록)

  • YANG, Sungyu;NAM, Bo-Mi;JANG, JuEun;CHOI, Mi-Jung;CHOI, Goya;CHUNG, Kyong-Sook;CHOI, Hyeok-Jae
    • Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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    • v.50 no.4
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    • pp.453-474
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    • 2020
  • Here, we present an updated checklist based on voucher specimens of vascular plants for Gasan Mt. which is located in Chilgok-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea. The list includes 322 taxa in 212 genera and 81 families of vascular plants, of which 14 are endemic, six are rare plants, 48 are floristic target species, and 14 are considered naturalized in Korea. Based on voucher specimens, Gasan Mt. was the southern limit of Cimicifuga heracleifolia var. bifida Nakai and Iris odaesanensis Y. N. Lee on the Korean peninsula. Moreover, we confirmed a hybrid plant deriving from two Iris parents, I. minutoaurea Makino and I. odaesanensis, in a mountain fortress of Gasan Mt. We also present online databases including 325 voucher specimens deposited at the Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM; http://oasis.kiom.re.kr/herblib). This study has great significance as the first floristic study of Korean plants sharing virtual specimens online.

Mycelial growth and fruit body cultural characteristics of a new Grifola frondosa variety, 'Bakyeon' (잎새버섯 신품종 '백연' 균사배양 및 자실체 생육 특성)

  • Kim, Jeong-Han;Choi, Jun-Yeong;Shin, Bok-Eum;Choi, Jong-In;Ha, Tai-Moon;Jeong, Gu-Hyun;Kim, Yeon-Jin
    • Journal of Mushroom
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.50-54
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    • 2022
  • This study was conducted to reduce the phenomenon of the biased cultivation of certain mushroom varieties and to develop a competitive variety of Grifola frondosa. We developed the first Korean white commercial mushroom strain, 'Bakyeon', by crossing monokaryons derived from brown strains. We have collected and tested the characteristics of mushrooms from domestic and international genetic resources since 2018. We bred the unique domestic variety, 'Bakyeon', which has the following characteristics. The optimal temperature for mycelial growth was 25~28℃ and the optimal temperature for fruit body growth was 16~18℃. The new variety was similar to the control variety (Daebak) in terms of the pileus, which formed a pine cone shape, and the number of days of cultivation. The yield was 94.1 g/bottle, which was 23% lower than the 108.5 g/bottle yield of the control variety. When incubating the parent and control varieties, the replacement line was clear. Moreover, polymerase chain reaction analysis of mycelial DNA resulted in different band patterns between the parent and control varieties, confirming the hybrid species.

Cut Flower Yields and Qualities of Rosa hybrid Affected by Night Cooling in High Temperature Season (고온기 야간 냉방이 절화 장미 수량 및 품질에 미치는 영향)

  • Se Jin Kim;Won Hee Kim;Young Ran Lee;Hyun Hwan Jung
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.15-22
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    • 2023
  • Roses are one of the most produced flower species in the world, and cut roses are produced in the greenhouses all year round. Recently, due to the increase in the temperature in the greenhouses in summer, the quality of cut roses is seriously deteriorated, such as shortening the stem length. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the growing seasons on the qualities of cut roses and also to test the effect of cooling at night in high temperature season on the cut flower qualities of roses. Comparing the qualities and yields of cut roses for each season, the major cut flower qualities such as flower stem length, stem diameter and fresh weight were statistically significantly decreased in roses ('Pink Beauty' and 'Pink Shine') produced in summer. The yields didn't show a statistically significant difference in both cultivars. Investigating the cut flower qualities, the flower stem length increased by 15% for 'Pink Beauty', 11% for 'Ararat', and 12% for 'Pink Shine' when treated with cooling at night in warm season than the untreated control. In addition, when treated with cooling at night in warm season, the fresh weight of all three cultivars increased by 20-30% statistically significantly than conventionally cultivated control. It is expected that cooling at night in warm season will be helpful to improve the cut flower quality deterioration in summer.

Characteristics and breeding of the new cultivar of Pleurotus nebrodensis 'Boram' (백령느타리 신품종 '보람'의 육성 및 자실체 특성)

  • Yeon-Jin, Kim;Tai-Moon Ha;Jeong-Han Kim;Jun-Yeong Choi;Chae-Young Lee;Chan-Jung, Lee;Gab-Jube Lim
    • Journal of Mushroom
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.145-149
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    • 2023
  • This study was conducted to reduce the phenomenon of the biased cultivation of certain mushroom varieties and to develop a competitive variety of Pleurotus nebrodensis. We have collected and tested characteristics of genetic resources from domestic and overseas varieties since 2015. We bred the domestic variety 'Boram'. The optimal temperature was 26~29℃ for mycelial growth and 15~18℃ for fruit body growth temperature. This variety was similar to the control variety (Uram) in terms of the number of cultivation days and yield per bottle. The shape of the new cultivar was round, whereas that of the control group was spatula-like. The yield was 181.1 g/bottle, which was statistically similar to that of the control variety. When incubating the parent and control varieties, the replacement line was clear. Moreover, polymerase chain reaction analysis of mycelial DNA resulted in different band patterns between the parent and control varieties, confirming the hybrid species.

Microbial Forensics: Comparison of MLVA Results According to NGS Methods, and Forensic DNA Analysis Using MLVA (미생물법의학: 차세대염기서열분석 방법에 따른 MLVA 결과 비교 및 이를 활용한 DNA 감식)

  • Hyeongseok Yun;Seungho Lee;Seunghyun Lim;Daesang Lee;Sehun Gu;Jungeun Kim;Juhwan Jeong;Seongjoo Kim;Gyeunghaeng Hur;Donghyun Song
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.507-515
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    • 2024
  • Microbial forensics is a scientific discipline for analyzing evidence related to biological crimes by identifying the origin of microorganisms. Multiple locus variable number tandem repeat analysis(MLVA) is one of the microbiological analysis methods used to specify subtypes within a species based on the number of tandem repeat in the genome, and advances in next generation sequencing(NGS) technology have enabled in silico anlysis of full-length whole genome sequences. In this paper, we analyzed unknown samples provided by Robert Koch Institute(RKI) through The United Nations Secretary-General's Mechanism(UNSGM)'s external quality assessment exercise(EQAE) project, which we officially participated in 2023. We confirmed that the 3 unknown samples were B. anthracis through nucleic acid isolation and genetic sequence analysis studies. MLVA results on 32 loci of B. anthracis were analysed by using genome sequences obtained from NGS(NextSeq and MinION) and Sanger sequencing. The MLVA typing using short-reads based NGS platform(NextSeq) showed a high probability of causing assembly error when a size of the tandem repeats was grater than 200 bp, while long-reads based NGS platform(MinION) showed higher accuracy than NextSeq, although insertion and deletion was observed. We also showed hybrid assembly can correct most indel error caused by MinION. Based on the MLVA results, genetic identification was performed compared to the 2,975 published MLVA databases of B. anthracis, and MLVA results of 10 strains were identical with 3 unkonwn samples. As a result of whole genome alignment of the 10 strains and 3 unknown samples, all samples were identified as B. anthracis strain A4564 which is associated with injectional anthrax isolates in heroin users.

Frequency of Spontaneous Polyploids in Monoembryonic Jeju Native Citrus Species and Some Mandarin Cultivars (단배성 제주 재래귤 및 만다린잡종에서 자연 발생적인 배수체의 발생 빈도)

  • Chae, Chi-Won;Yun, Su-Hyun;Park, Jae-Ho;Kim, Min-Ju;Koh, Sang-Wook;Song, Kwan-Jeong;Lee, Dong-Hun
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.22 no.7
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    • pp.871-879
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    • 2012
  • Polyploids are a potentially important germplasm source in seedless citrus breeding program. Seedlessness is one of the most promising traits of commercial mandarin breeds that mandarin triploid hybrids possess permanently. The formation of new constant triploid hybrids can be recovered through diploid species hybridization from the fusion of divalent gametes at low frequencyor intra-and inter-ploidy crosses. However, extensive breeding work based on small $F_1$ hybrid seeds developed is impossible without a very effective aseptic methodology and ploidy event. In this study, in vitro embryo culture was employed to recover natural hybrids from monoembryonic diploid, open-pollinated mandarin. Flow cytometry was used to determine ploidy level. A total of 10,289 seeds were extracted from 792 fruits having approximately 13 seeds per fruit. Average frequency of small seeds developed was 7.1%, while the average frequency of small seeds per fruit were: 8.9% for 'Clementine' 10.2% for 'Harehime' 2.6% for 'Kamja' 3.1% for 'Pyunkyool' 2.8% for 'Sadookam' and 7.0% for 'Wilking' mandarin. Average size of a perfect seed was $49.52{\pm}0.07mm^2$ ('Clementine') while the small seed measured $7.95{\pm}0.04mm^2$ ('Clementine'), which was about 1/6 smaller than the perfect seed. In total, 731 small seeds were obtained and all of them contained only one embryo per seed. The efficiency of 'Clementine' was 14 times higher than 'Wilking' and more than 109 times higher than 'Pyunkyool'. The basic information on spontaneous polyploidy provides for the hybridization of constant triploids and increases the efficiency of conventional cross.

Removal of Nitrogen Oxides Using Hydrocarbon Selective Catalytic Reduction Coupled with Plasma (플라즈마가 결합된 탄화수소 선택적 촉매환원 공정에서 질소산화물(NOx)의 저감)

  • Ihm, Tae Heon;Jo, Jin Oh;Hyun, Young Jin;Mok, Young Sun
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.92-100
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    • 2016
  • Low-temperature conversion of nitrogen oxides using plasma-assisted hydrocarbon selective catalytic reduction of (HC-SCR) was investigated. Plasma was created in the catalyst-packed bed so that it could directly interact with the catalyst. The effect of the reaction temperature, the shape of catalyst, the concentration of n-heptane as a reducing agent, the oxygen content, the water vapor content and the energy density on $NO_x$ removal was examined. $NO_x$ conversion efficiencies achieved with the plasma-catalytic hybrid process at a temperature of $250^{\circ}C$ and an specific energy input (SIE) of $42J\;L^{-1}$ were 83% and 69% for one-dimensional Ag catalyst ($Ag\;(nanowire)/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$) and spherical Ag catalyst ($Ag\;(sphere)/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$), respectively, whereas that obtained with the catalyst-alone was considerably lower (about 30%) even with $Ag\;(nanowire)/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ under the same condition. The enhanced catalytic activity towards $NO_x$ conversion in the presence of plasma can be explained by the formation of more reactive $NO_2$ species and partially oxidized hydrocarbon intermediates from the oxidation of NO and n-heptane under plasma discharge. Increasing the SIE tended to improve $NO_x$ conversion efficiency, and so did the increase in the n-heptane concentration; however, a further increase in the n-heptane concentration beyond $C_1/NO_x$ ratio of 5 did not improve the $NO_x$ conversion efficiency any more. The increase in the humidity affected negatively the $NO_x$ conversion efficiency, resulting in lowering the $NO_x$ conversion efficiency at the higher water vapor content, because water molecules competed with $NO_x$ species for the same active site. The $NO_x$ conversion efficiency increased with increasing the oxygen content from 3 to 15%, in particular at low SIE values, because the formation of $NO_2$ and partially oxidized hydrocarbon intermediates was facilitated.