• Title/Summary/Keyword: hybrid shear connection

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An Experimental Study on the Behavior of Hybrid Beam Composed of End Reinforced Concrete-Center Steel (단부 철근콘크리트-중앙부 철골로 구성된 복합(複合)보의 거동(擧動)에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Kang, Byung Su;Kim, Seong Eun;Choi, Hyun Sik
    • Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.413-421
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    • 2002
  • This study sought to understand the mechanical behavior according to the shape of the connecting part of the hybrid beam. This part is composed of central steel. with the end reinforced by concrete in the experiment of cyclic loading. The experimental result was compared and verified with the ultimate strength formula. Likewise, the composite effect and the effectiveness of seismic capacity and stress transmission were examined. The types of each setup were as follows: main bars by welding type, reinforcing by end-plate type, reinforcing by shear connector type, and shear connector type. Results showed that the reinforcing by end-plate type and the shear connector type had excellent strength and seismic capacity as well as better stress transmission. This was due to the unity between reinforced concrete and the steel's connecting part. However, the experimental result was somehow different from the previously established ultimate strength formula. Thus, a definite ultimate strength formula is required.

Seismic Behavior of Steel Coupling Beams (철골 커플링 보의 내진거동)

  • Park Wan-Shin;Yun Hyun-Do;Hwang Sun-Kyung;Han Byung-Chan;Han Min-Ki;Lee Jong-Sung
    • Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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    • 2004.11a
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    • pp.93-96
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    • 2004
  • Since a ductile coupled shear wall system is the primary seismic load resisting systems of many structures, a coupling beams of these system must exhibit excellent ductility and energy absorption capacity. In this paper, the seismic response of coupled shear wall system is discussed. The cyclic response of steel coupling beams embedded into reinforced concrete boundary elements was studied. Three half-scale subassemblies representing a portion of a prototype structure were designed. constructed, and tested. The main test variables were the connection details of hybrid coupled shear wall. These efforts have resulted in details for increasing the seismic capacity of steel coupling beam in the seismic behavior of buildings.

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Seismic design of connections between steel outrigger beams and reinforced concrete walls

  • Deason, Jeremy T.;Tunc, Gokhan;Shahrooz, Bahram M.
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.1 no.3
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    • pp.329-340
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    • 2001
  • Cyclic response of "shear" connections between steel outrigger beams and reinforced concrete core walls is presented in this paper. The connections investigated in this paper consisted of a shear tab welded onto a plate that was connected to the core walls through multiple headed studs. The experimental data from six specimens point to a capacity larger than the design value. However, the mode of failure was through pullout of the embedded plate, or fracture of the weld between the studs and plate. Such brittle modes of failure need to be avoided through proper design. A capacity design method based on dissipating the input energy through yielding and fracture of the shear tab was developed. This approach requires a good understanding of the expected capacity of headed studs under combined gravity shear and cyclic axial load (tension and compression). A model was developed and verified against test results from six specimens. A specimen designed based on the proposed design methodology performed very well, and the connection did not fail until shear tab fractured after extensive yielding. The proposed design method is recommended for design of outrigger beam-wall connections.

Structural Capacity Evaluation of Hybrid Precast Concrete Beam-Column Connections Subjected to Cyclic Loading (반복하중을 받는 하이브리드 프리캐스트 보-기둥 접합부의 성능평가)

  • Choi, Hyun-Ki;Yoo, Chang-Hee;Choi, Yun-Cheul;Choi, Chang-Sik
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.325-333
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    • 2010
  • In this study, new moment-resisting precast concrete beam-column joint made up of hybrid steel concrete was developed and tested. This beam-column joint is proposed for use in moderate seismic regions. It has square hollow tubular section in concrete column and connecting plate in precast U-beam. The steel elements in column and beam members were connected using bolt. Furthermore, in order to prevent the premature failure of concrete in hybrid steel-concrete connection, ECC(engineered cementitious composite) was used. An experimental study was carried out investigating the joint behavior subjected to reversed cyclic loading and constant axial compressive load. Two precast beam-column joint specimens and monolithic reinforced concrete joint specimen were tested. The variables for interior joints were cast-in-situ concrete area and transverse reinforcement within the joint. Tests were carried out under displacement controlled reverse cyclic load with a constant axial load. Joint performance is evaluated on the basis of connection strength, stiffness, energy dissipation, and displacement capacity. The test results showed that significant differences in structural behavior between the two types of connection because of different bonding characteristics between steel and concrete; steel and ECC. The proposed joint detail can induce to move the plastic hinge out of the ECC and steel plate. And proposed precast connection showed better performance than the monolithic connection by providing sufficient moment-resisting behavior suitable for applications in moderate seismic regions.

Flexural Experiment of PSC-Steel Mixed Girders and Evaluation for Analyses on Tangentional Stiffness of Connection (프리스트레스트 콘크리트-강 혼합거더의 휨 실험 및 경계면 수평계수 분석)

  • Kim, Kwang-Soo;Jung, Kwang-Hoe;Sim, Chung-Wook;Yoo, Sung-Won
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.231-237
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    • 2008
  • This study was performed to evaluate joint behavior of prestressed concrete(PSC)-steel mixed girders through the flexural test of 14 beams according to embedded length, amount of reinforcing steel, stud arrangement, and prestressing force. All test beams were failed by turns of desertion of reinforcing steel, stud, and steel plate. From test results, prestressing force was more effective on performance of connection than stud arrangement and reinforcing steel. And the spacing of stud is also more effective than embedding length. This paper also presented 3D nonlinear analysis considering the slip of composite section as well as the static load tests of PSC-steel mixed girders. According to the slip modulus, the nonlinear analysis showed that the behavior of hybrid girders could be divided into three parts as full-composite, partial-composite and non-composite. However, the experimental results showed that the PSC-steel hybrid girders with shear connectors took the part of partial composite action in ultimate load stage. In addition, it was founded that stud shear connectors and welded reinforcements were contributed to improve the ultimate strength of hybrid girders for about 20%.

Semi-Rigid connections in steel structures: State-of-the-Art report on modelling, analysis and design

  • Celik, Huseyin Kursat;Sakar, Gokhan
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.45 no.1
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    • pp.1-21
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    • 2022
  • In the structural analysis of steel frames, joints are generally considered as rigid or hinged considering their moment transfer ability. However, the first studies conducted with the beginning of the 20th century showed that the joints do not actually fit these two definitions. In reality, a joint behaves between these two extreme points and is called semi-rigid. Including the actual state of the joint in the structural analysis provides significant economic advantages, so the subject is an intense field of study today. However, it does not find enough application area in practice. For this reason, a large-scale literature published from the first studies on the subject to the present has been examined within the scope of the study. Three important points have been identified in order to examine a joint realistically; modelling the load-displacement relationship, performing the structural analysis and how to design. Joint modelling methods were grouped under 7 main headings as analytical, empirical, mechanical, numerical, informational, hybrid and experimental. In addition to the moment-rotation, other important external load effects like axial force, shear and torsion were considered. Various evaluations were made to expand the practical application area of semi-rigid connections by examining analysis methods and design approaches. Dynamic behaviour was also included in the study, and besides column-beam connections, other important connection types such as beam-beam, column-beam-cross, base connection were also examined in this paper.

Cyclic behavior of steel beam-concrete wall connections with embedded steel columns (II): Theoretical study

  • Li, Guo-Qiang;Gu, Fulin;Jiang, Jian;Sun, Feifei
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.409-420
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    • 2017
  • This paper theoretically studies the cyclic behavior of hybrid connections between steel coupling beams and concrete shear walls with embedded steel columns. Finite element models of connections with long and short embedded steel columns are built in ABAQUS and validated against the test results in the companion paper. Parametric studies are carried out using the validated FE model to determine the key influencing factors on the load-bearing capacity of connections. A close-form solution of the load-bearing capacity of connections is proposed by considering the contributions from the compressive strength of concrete at the interface between the embedded beam and concrete, shear yielding of column web in the tensile region, and shear capacity of column web and concrete in joint zone. The results show that the bond slip between embedded steel members and concrete should be considered which can be simulated by defining contact boundary conditions. It is found that the loadbearing capacity of connections strongly depends on the section height, flange width and web thickness of the embedded column. The accuracy of the proposed calculation method is validated against test results and also verified against FE results (with differences within 10%). It is recommended that embedded steel columns should be placed along the entire height of shear walls to facilitate construction and enhance the ductility. The thickness and section height of embedded columns should be increased to enhance the load-bearing capacity of connections. The stirrups in the joint zone should be strengthened and embedded columns with very small section height should be avoided.

A study on chemical bonding characteristics of the interface between curved FRP panels for consecutive structural assembly (곡면 FRP 패널 부재 연속시공을 위한 연결부 화학적 접합 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Gyu-Phil;Shin, Hyu-Soung;Jung, Woo-Tai
    • Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.79-91
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    • 2012
  • A curved fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) panel is produced with a certain width depending on allowances of manufacturing processes and facilities. An targeted arch-shaped structure could be built by sequential connection of series of the FRP panels. The connection manner between the FRP panels could be given by chemical treatment, mechanical treatment and hybrid method. Among those, the connection between the panels by chemical treatment is commonly adopted. Therefore, For an optimized design of the connected part between FRP pannels, a number of direct shear tests have been undertaken in terms of a number of parameters: surface treatment conditions, bonding materials, etc.. As results, surface grinding condition by sand paper or surface treatment by sand blasting appear properly acceptable methods, and epoxy and acryl resins are shown to be effective bonding materials for the purpose in this study.

New approach of composite wooden beam- reinforced concrete slab strengthened by external bonding of prestressed composite plate: Analysis and modeling

  • Tahar, Hassaine Daouadji;Tayeb, Bensatallah;Abderezak, Rabahi;Tounsi, Abdelouahed
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.78 no.3
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    • pp.319-332
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    • 2021
  • The wood-concrete composite is an interesting solution in the field of Civil Engineering to create high performance bending elements for bridges, as well as in the building construction for the design of wood concrete floor systems. The authors of this paper has been working for the past few years on the development of the bonding process as applied to wood-concrete composite structures. Contrary to conventional joining connectors, this assembling technique does ensure an almost perfect connection between wood and concrete. This paper presents a careful theoretical investigation into interfacial stresses at the level of the two interfaces in composite wooden beam- reinforced concrete slab strengthened by external bonding of prestressed composite plate under a uniformly distributed load. The model is based on equilibrium and deformations compatibility requirements in all parts of the strengthened composite beam, i.e., the wooden beam, RC slab, the CFRP plate and the adhesive layer. The theoretical predictions are compared with other existing solutions. This research is helpful for the understanding on mechanical behaviour of the interface and design of the CFRP- wooden-concrete hybrid structures.

Load Transfer Mechanism of the Hybrid Beam-Column Connection System with Structural Tees (T 형강을 사용한 합성골조 보-기둥 접합부의 하중전달 메카니즘)

  • 김상식;최광호
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.14 no.6
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    • pp.823-829
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    • 2002
  • The composite frame system with reinforced concrete column and steel beam has some advantages in the structural efficiency by complementing the shortcomings between the two systems. The system, however has also a lot of problems in practical design and construction process due to the material dissimilarities. Considering these circumstances, this research is aimed at the development of the composite structural system which enables the steel beams to be connected to the R/C columns with higher structural safety and economy. Basically the proposed connection system is composed of four split tees, structural angles reinforced by stiffener, high strength steel rods, connecting plates and shear plates. The structural tests have been carried out to verify the moment transfer mechanism from beam flange to steel rods or connecting plates through the angle reinforced by siffener. The four prototype specimens have been tested until the flange of beam reached the plastic states. From the tests, no distinct material dissimilarities between concrete and steel have been detected and the stress transfer through wide flange beam - structural angle - high strength steel rod or connecting plate is very favorable.