• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.456-464
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• 2002

3% 갈근 열수 추출액 급여와 카드뮴을 흰쥐에게 4주 동안 급여 한 후 간과 신장 조직의 카드뮴 함량, renin 호르몬 농도, 혈청중의 GPT, GOT 및 LDHase의 함량을 조사하였다. 식이섭취량에서 대조군인 24.62 g에 비하여, 3% 갈근 열수 추출액 급여군은 23.41 g으로, 카드뮴 급여군은 23.76 g에 비하여, 갈근 열수 추출액급여군과 카드뮴 병합 급여군은 22.25 g으로 감소하였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 체중 증가량은 대조군이 124.50 g이고, 3% 갈근 열수 추출액급여군은 127.22 g으로 대조군에 비하여 감소하였다. 카드뮴 급여군은 107.57 g에 비하여, 갈근 열수 추출액급여군과 음용수와 카드뮴 병합 급여군은 128.80 g으로 유의적으로 증가하였다. 식이효율은 카드뮴 급여군과 갈근- 카드뮴 병합 급여군 간에는 유의성이 인정되었다. 간의 무게에서 대조근에 비하여 갈근 열수 추출액 급여군이 약간 감소하였으나 유의한 차이는 없었으며 카드뮴 공급군에 비하여 갈근-카드뮴 병합 급여군이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 신장 무게는 카드뮴 공급군에 비하여 갈근 카드뮴 병합 급여군이 유의적으로 증가하였다. 간 조직내에서의 카드뮴 함량은 대조군이 0.15 ug/g으로 갈근 열수 추출액급여군은 0.14 ug/g에 비하여 별다른 차이를 보이지 않았다. 카드뮴 급여군은 3.04 ug/g에 비하여 갈근-카드뮴 음용수 병합 급여군은 2.87 ug/g 유의적으로 감소하였다. 신장 조직내에서 대조군은 0.21 ug/g이었으나, 갈근 열수 추출액급여군 은 0.23 ug/g으로 별다른 차이는 없었다. 카드뮴 급여군은 6.48 ug/g에 비하여 갈근 열수 추출액급여군과 카드뮴 병합 급여군은 4.42 ug/g 4.57ug/g으로 유의적으로 감소하였다. 혈장호르몬인 renin 농도는 갈근차 음용수군은 16.73 ngAl/mL/hr으로 대조군인 15.89 ngAl/mL/hr에 비해서 증가하였다. 카드뮴 급여군은 25.72 ngAl/mL/hr으로 카드뮴과 갈근 열수 추출액 병합 급여군인 18.57ngAl/mL/hr에 비하여 유의성 있게 증가하였다. GOT는 대조군이 96.16 U/L에 비하여 갈근차 단독 급여군은 96.44 U/L로 약간 증가하였다. 카드뮴 급여군은 154.40 U/L인데 비하여 카드뮴과 갈근 열수 추출액 병합 급여군이 118.80 U/L으로 유의적으로 감소하였다. GPT는 대조군이 59.60 U/L에 비하여, 갈근 열수 추출액 급여군은 63.46 U/L으로 약간 증가하였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 카드뮴 급여군은 73.54 U/L 인데 비하여 갈근 열수 추출액 급여군과 카드뮴 병합 급여군은 69.80 U/L으로 유의적으로 감소하였다. LDHase는 대조군이 179.00, 갈근 열수 추출액급여군은 198.60 U/L으로 대조군에 비하여 감소하였으나 유의한 차이는 나지 않았다. 카드뮴 급여군은 264.30 U/L 인데 비하여 갈근 열수 추출액급여군와 카드뮴 동시 병합 급여군은 227.30 U/L으로 유의적으로 감소하였다. 카드뮴에 중독된 흰쥐에 대한 갈근 추출물의 해독 효과를 알아 보는 본 연구에서 50 ppm의 카드뮴액과 함께 3% 갈근 추출액을 급여한 흰쥐의 체중증가량과 사료 섭취 효율을 50 ppm의 카드뮴만을 급여한 흰쥐의 이들 측정값과 비교할 때 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 그러나 50 ppm의 카드뮴액과 함께 3% 갈근 추출액을 급여한 흰쥐군은 50 ppm의 카드뮴액만을 급여한 흰쥐군과 비교하여 신장내 카드뮴 함량과 GPT 및 LDH 활성도, renin 활성도가 유의적으로 감소되었고 신장 무게는 정상 흰쥐와 같은 수준으로 회복하였고 GOT 활성도 역시 정상 흰쥐와 같은 수준으로 감소를 보여 갈근이 카드뮴 중독 흰쥐에서 신장 등의 장기내 카드뮴 축적의 감소로 카드뮴 중독 작용의 경감 효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2014

본 연구는 고등학생들의 카페인에 대한 올바른 인식 및 카페인 함유식품의 섭취 및 선택을 위한 교육 프로그램에 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 경북 지역의 고등학생을 대상으로 하여 카페인 함유식품에 대한 인식도, 지식수준, 섭취행동을 살펴보고 카페인 섭취량에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 자료는 2013년 12월 27일부터 2014년 2월 14일까지 경북 지역의 고등학생을 대상으로 하여 설문조사를 통해 수집되었다. 총 300부를 배포하여 부실기재한 것을 제외한 총 255부를 최종 분석 자료로 사용하였다. 본 연구의 자료는 SPSS Window V.21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도 분석, t 분석, 일원배치 분산분석, Pearson의 상관분석 및 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 나타난 결과를 요약하면, 조사대상자의 카페인 함유식품에 대한 평균값은 5점 만점에 2.76점으로 대체로 낮았는데 여학생보다 남학생이, 1학년에 비해 2, 3학년이, 그리고 건강에 대한 관심수준이 상에 비해 하인 경우 카페인이 함유된 식품에 대한 관심이 낮았다. 또한 카페인 함유식품의 섭취가 건강에 대체로 해롭다고 생각하고 있었으며, 카페인 섭취가 본인의 원기 회복이나 집중력 향상에 크게 도움을 주지 않는 것으로 인식하고 있었다. 카페인에 대한 지식정답률은 54.3%로 나타났으며, 소수의 응답자만이 카페인 섭취를 줄이라는 권유를 학교선생님이나 부모로부터 들어본 적이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 조사대상자들의 평균 카페인 섭취량은 71.67mg/day이었으며, 남학생의 섭취량은 78.98mg/day, 여학생의 섭취량은 61.23mg/day이었고, 조사대상자의 12.5%가 최대 일일섭취권고량을 초과하여 카페인을 섭취한 것으로 나타났다. 회귀분석을 통해 조사대상자의 카페인 섭취량에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴본 결과 학년, BMI, 건강에 대한 관심도, 카페인 섭취가 본인의 원기 회복, 집중력 향상 등에 도움을 주는 정도에 대한 인식도, 카페인 섭취를 줄이라는 권유를 학교선생님으로부터 들어본 경험이 유의한 요인으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 해서 볼 때 고등학생들이 카페인에 대한 정확한 지식을 습득할 수 있도록 정보 제공이나 교육이 필요한 것으로 보인다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.407-416
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the comparison of growth development, bone mineral density and nutrient intakes between double income families' preschool children(DIFPC) and full-time housewives' preschool children(FHPC). Subjects were 111 preschool children. Anthropometric characteristics and bone mineral density in right forearm were measured. The questionnaire was composed of health status, life style, dietary behaviors, and dietary intakes and was completed by the children's mothers. The average age of the DIFPC(n=60) was 53.02 months and that of the FHPC(n=51) was 54.80 months. The birth height and weight of the subjects were 50.47㎝ and 3.27㎏ for DIFPC and 50.85㎝ and 3.36㎏ for FHPC, respectively. The average height, weight, % body fat, and obesity index were 108.50㎝, 18.35㎏, 15.35%, 96.71% in DIFPC and 111.46㎝, 19.64㎏, 16.80%, 97.31% in FHPC, respectively. The bone mineral density in forearm of two groups were 0.24g/㎠ in all. The infant feeding method was significantly different between DIFPC and FHPC; 58.9% of DIFPC was fed formula, while 44.4% of FHPC was fed breast milk(p<0.05). Proportions of children for their regular meal were 59.4%, 89.6%, and 61.0% for breakfast, lunch, and dinner, respectively. The major reasons for irregular meal were lack of time and poor appetite for breakfast and snacks for lunch and dinner. Most of the children answered they have snack over once a day, and 60.0% have unbalanced diet. The intakes of energy, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B1, niacin, and vitamin C did not meet the Korean RDAs. The intakes of K and vitamin A for DIFPC were significantly higher than those of FHPC(p<0.05, p<0.05). In conclusion, double income families' preschool children more have a low frequency of breast feeding and low intakes of micro nutrients, such as K and vitamin A than full-time housewives' ones.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.316-325
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• 2003

In this paper, the effect of Ganopoly(extracts of Ganoderma lucidum) and Ganopoly/C+(70% Ganopoly + 30% chitosan) on cisplastin-induced nephrotoxicity was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats. A single dose of cisplastin(5 ㎎/㎏) kg) was administered intraperitoneally after pretreatment of saline, Ganopoly and Ganopoly/C+ for 7 days. The nephrotoxicity and renal function were manifestated by the changes of body weight, blood pressure, biochemical changes and solute in urine and plasma. After the treatment of CDDP(cis-dichlorodiamineplatinum), a significant elevation of kidney weight, serum urea, cretinine, urine volume for 24 hours, urine magnesium, and a severe or significant decrease in body weight, blood pressure, creatinine clearance, urine osmolarity, serum albumin, etc. The nephrotoxicity was further confirmed by a significant decrease in glutathione S-transferase(GSH) in urine and kidney homogenate, GSH, glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and catalase in kidney tissue. And also the lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in kidney homogenate. These signs of nephrotoxicity was ameliorated by the pretreatment and consecutive administration of Ganopoly and Ganopoly/C+ for 14 days after the Lp. injection of CDDP on 7th day after pretreatment of Ganopoly and Ganopoly/C+. The amelioration of nephrotoxicity was evidenced by significant reduction in serum urea and creatinine concentration, and improvement of other index of renal function. And The activity of antioxidant enzymes were partially recovered in kidney tissue of rats treated by CDDP and the administration of Ganopoly and Ganopoly/C+. These results indicate the cispastin induced nephrotoxicity is due to an impairment of tubular reabsorption systems enhanced by necrosis of proximal tubule, and the Ganopoly and Ganopoly/C+ has a partial protective effect on nephrotoxicity induced by CDDP. The polysacchride of Ganoderma lucidum may improve the therapeutic index of nephrotoxicity induced by CDDP. However, it is needed to elucidate the mechanism for confirming the therapeutic effect.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.105-116
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• 2023

Improved fish post-harvest technologies (IFPT) have been promoted as more efficient methods of fish processing, preservation, and value addition than the traditional methods prevalent in developing countries. The adoption rates, however, do not appear to be convincing. The purpose of this study was to determine the socio-demographic and psychological factors that influence intention of Kenyan farmed fish traders to use IFPT. The technology acceptance model (TAM) was used to properly explain the impact of TAM constructs such as perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), and attitude (ATT), as well as socio-demographic factors such as gender, age, education level and fish trading experience on traders' intention to use the technologies. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect data using a semi-structured questionnaire from 146 traders in Busia, Siaya and Kakamega counties. At a significance level of p = 0.05, a linear regression model was used to examine the socio-demographic and psychological determinants of the traders' behavioral intention to use the improved technologies. The regression analysis revealed that PU (β = 0.443; p = 0.000), PEOU (β = 0.364; p = 0.000) and ATT (β = 0.615; p = 0.000) influence traders' intention to use IFPT, with ATT having the highest influence on intention. However, the traders' socio-demographic characteristics have no effect on their intention to use the technologies, as the coefficients for gender (β = 0.148; p = 0.096), age (β = 0.016; p = 0.882), level of education (β = -0.135; p = 0.141) and fish trading experience (β = 0.017; p = 0.869) are all insignificant. These findings show that the traders intend to use IFPT and will use them when it is in their best economic interests.

• 대한암한의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.41-53
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• 2011

Background and Objectives: Iodine is an essential constituent of the thyroid hormones associated with the growth and development of humans and animals as an inorganic nutrition. This element may be accumulated in human blood, tissues and body through the intake of foodstuffs, a beverage, a nutritional supplement and a medicine, among others. The aim of the research is to find out a better medicinal stuff for the thyroid cancer patient who required a low level of iodine diet. Methods: Neutron activation analysis (NAA) used for the iodine analysis is one of nuclear analytical techniques using radiation and radioisotopes and very useful as sensitive analytical technique for performing both qualitative and quantitative multi-elemental non-destructive analysis of major, minor and trace components in variety of environmental and biological materials. In this study, iodine contents in ten kinds of oriental herb medicinal products, which is frequently used to cancer patients are determined by using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) at the HANARO research reactor. The samples prescribed are manufactured as powdered form for taking medicine easily. The analytical quality control is performed to assure an uncertainty of the measurement and to compensate the measured data using a biological certified reference material, NIST SRM 1572, Citrus Leaves. The measured value is $1.89{\pm}0.35mg/kg$, and the relative error is 2.88%, and relative standard deviation is 19 % due to high counting error by small counts of gamma ray spectrum. The standard deviations for other elements such as Cl, K, Mn and Na were in the range of 2 to 8%. Result: The level of iodine contents of Biki-huan, Chungryong-huan and Chungcho-huan, samples detected is less than 6 mg/kg except Hangam Plus sample (more than 210 mg/kg) and six samples were not detected. Iodine in the samples of Shoxiho-tang, Shopunghualhyl-tang, Shocungryong-tang, Banhasaxim-tang, Insampaedox-san and Myunyuk Plus were not measured, but possible level of content can be estimated from the detection limits. In addition, the concentrations of some major elements like Cl, K, Mn, Na, in the samples were determined with the detection limits. Conclusions: Most of samples showed low iodine contents of less than 6 mg/kg but it turned out that most of testing samples can be used to classify the level of iodine diet samples considering the recommended low level of iodine diet 50 ${\mu}g$/day, and a better medicinal stuff for the thyroid cancer patient can be found.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.940-947
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• 2017

Goat milk has a protein composition similar to that of breast milk and contains abundant nutrients, but its use in functional foods is rather limited in comparison to milk from other sources. The aim of this study was to prepare a goat A2 ${\beta}$-casein fraction with improved digestibility and hypoallergenic properties. We investigated the optimal conditions for the separation of A2 ${\beta}$-casein fraction from goat milk by pH adjustment to pH 4.4 and treating the casein suspension with calcium chloride (0.05 M for 1 h at $25^{\circ}C$). Selective reduction of ${\beta}$- lactoglobulin and ${\alpha}_s$-casein was confirmed using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The hypoallergenic property of A2 ${\beta}$-casein fraction was examined by measuring the release of histamine and tumor necrosis factor alpha from HMC-1 human mast cells exposed to different proteins, including A2 ${\beta}$-casein fraction. There was no significant difference in levels of both indicators between A2 ${\beta}$-casein treatment and the control (no protein treatment). The A2 ${\beta}$-casein fraction is abundant in essential amino acids, especially, branched-chain amino acids (leucine, valine, and isoleucine). The physicochemical properties of A2 ${\beta}$-casein fraction, including protein solubility and viscosity, are similar to those of bovine whole casein which is widely used as a protein source in various foods. Therefore, the goat A2 ${\beta}$-casein fraction may be useful as a food material with good digestibility and hypoallergenic properties for infants, the elderly, and people with metabolic disorders.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.329-335
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• 2009

본 연구에서는, 3개의 다른 색(white, blue 및 red/ 23L-1D)의 조명이 육계 암수별 행동 및 생산성에 미치는 영향에 대해서 조사하였다. 시험계는 초생추 육계를 6개 pan(pan당 암컷 16수, 수컷 16수)으로 나누어서, 3가지 색의 조명에서 실험이 실시되었다. 실험계는 3일간의 조명에 대한 적응 기간을 거친 후, 동일한 사양 조건에서, 암수 각각 3수씩, pan당 6마리의 focal birds를 중심으로 pecking, resting, standing 및 walking 행동이, 1일 120분간(pan당 20분/일), 주 5일간, 직접관찰법으로 5주간 시행되었다. 뿐만 아니라 증체량과 사료 섭취량 등은 주별로 계산되었고, 시험계 19일령과 33일령의 2회에 걸쳐서 TI-반응과, 33일령의 1회에 걸쳐서 gait score, foot pad score 및 horn burn score가 조사되었다. 조명의 색은 증체량, 사료 섭취량에는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다(P>0.05). 그러나 사료 효율에는 유의한 영향을 미쳐서(P<0.05), blue 조명의 경우가 white 및 red 조명의 경우보다 높았다(P<0.05). Resting 행동 빈도는 전체의 행동 빈도에서 주요한 행동으로 나타났으며, 이는 암수간 또는 조명의 색깔에 따라서 영향을 받지 않았다. 성장 초기에는 red 조명에서 resting 행동 빈도가 낮게 나타나는 경향이 있었다. 뿐만 아니라 standing 행동 빈도는 4~18일령에, walking 행동 빈도는 전 시험 기간 동안 red 조명에서 높게 나타나는 경향이 있었다. 본 연구 결과로부터 육계 사육장내 조명의 색은 생산성, 행동 빈도 및 복지에 영향을 미칠 가능성이 생각되었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.150-159
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• 2011

This study was conducted to gather the basic data on the alpine leek (Allium victorialis) for the expand of consumption and the production of its manufactured goods. Amino acid content in alpine leek leaves and various physiological activities were examined. Seventeen component amino acids and 38 free amino acids from alpine leek leaves were analyzed, and the total contents were 2,693.28 mg/100g for component amino acids and 535.39 mg/100g for free amino acids. Total phenolic compounds in the leaves of alpine leek showed the highest level from the methanol extract (37.7 mg/l), and followed by ethanol extract (31.9 mg/l) and hot water extract (25.4 mg/l). Total flavonoid contents in 1,000 mg/l extract was the highest in the methanol extract (22.2 mg/l). DPPH radical scavenging activity at 1,000 mg/l extract was high in the order of ethanol extract (51.6%), methanol extract (47.3%) and hot water extract (37.2%). nitrite radical scavenging activity Methanol extract from Allium victorialis leaves was the highest nitrite radical scavenging activity (79.5%). Hyperplasia suppression of lung cancer cells (Calu-6) and gastric cancer cells (SNU-601) by the methanol extract from the bulb of alpine leek were 99.9% in the extracting concentration of over 200 mg/l. No significant difference in antimicrobial activity among the 3 different solvents and extract concentrations was observed, and the inhibition zones against the gram-positive and negative microorganisms were ranged from 8.23 to 10.15 mm. It was concluded that physiological activities in a human body could be improved by the intake of alpine leek as a pharmaceutical material, and that it would be useful for the prevention of health risk such as lung and gastric cancers.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.153-163
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• 2006

Essential metals have been known to interact with non-essential toxic metals in the aspects of absorption, transport and deposition in the body. Iron deficiency has been reported to increase lead and/or cadmium absorption. The relation between iron and lead has been understood well in children but not in adults. Two hundred seventy adults (118 males and 152 females) were recruited from 3 different residental areas (rural, coastal and urban) to investigate the effects of environmental lead exposure on body iron status. The subjects were interviewed for life-style and diet of the last 24 hours, and measured for blood lead and body iron. The lead concentration in the whole blood was determined by a flameless method using an atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The body iron was evaluated with values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBCs, serum total iron, unsaturated iron binding capacity, total iron binding capacity and ferritin. The mean concentration of blood lead in adult was $3.31{\mu}g/dL$. The concentration was higher in male ($3.97{\mu}g/dL$) than in female ($2.86{\mu}g/dL$). The blood lead was influenced by residental area, life-style, smoking and drinking, occupation and diet habit of subjects, but not by age. A positive correlation was observed between the blood lead level and the serum iron or ferritin. These results suggest that environmental lead exposure in Korean adult may not be higher than other developed and developing countries. It is further indicated that blood lead in adult could be influenced by life-style, and environmental and genetic factors but no inverse relation with body iron as shown in children.