• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.353-361
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• 2003

This study was performed by questionnaire to investigate the recognition and prospect for Korean traditional Pyebaeck Foods. The subjects of this study consisted of 621 housewives in Daegu area. The results were summarized as follows: The most people(94.2%) had ever seen Pyebaeck refreshments before, and most had seen them in wedding halls(62.5%). The reason they do prepare Paebaek refreshments was “it's tradition”(44.9%), and they considered this tradition as a public moral. The peoples who had prepared Pyebaeck refreshments at home consisted 51.0% and those who had purchased at caterer was 59.5%. The reason for preparing the refreshments at home was usually “it's true-hearted”(48.8%) and the reason for hiring specialists was “it's more convenient”(38.7%). Opinions about cooking method were mostly “complicated”(79.8%), and the knowledge score for cooking methods was low in 2.80. 31.3% of respondents reported inheriting their recipes from their mother. 43.3% of the respondents thought it would be “transmitted only a part” on prospects for Pyebaeck refreshments. 31.5% of the respondents said the improvement plan should be “focused on development of various Pyebaeck refreshments with modern senses” and 30.4% that the industralization should be effected through “publicity activities and education about its excellence”. People had to experience the Pyebaeck in the right way and to understand its real meaning better in order not to consider it as an evil custom, empty formality and vanity.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.39-58
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• 2011

This study aimed to investigate recognition and satisfaction toward Korean herbal foods according to dietary lifestyle as well as the actual status of using ingredients for Korean herbal foods while looking for methods to improve use. The general characteristics of the respondents included relations with foods such as learning or working on them, and the correlations with the examined items were analyzed by grouping according to dietary lifestyle. Five significant dietary lifestyle groups were derived by analyzing the groups using the factor scores from the analysis. Recognition of Korean herbal foods was higher with older respondents and more cooking experience. Regarding experience related to Korean herbal foods, the housewives showed higher satisfaction when the ingredients of foods were bought and cooked. And satisfaction with price differed significantly by dietary lifestyle. With regard to experience of using ready-to-cook or ready-to-eat products, the groups with more cooking experience indicated relatively lower satisfaction with the taste of such products. When visiting restaurants, the groups with less cooking experience showed higher satisfaction with taste and nutritional values. Regarding the actual status of using ingredients for Korean herbal foods, most of the respondents answered that hygiene and quality management, distribution and marketing, and the promotion of ingredients are all essential.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.21-31
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• 1988

The main problem of consumer behavior is choice since the outcome of me of a choice can only be known in the future, consumers are forced to deal with the risks of und\certainty. So, perception of risk is pivotal aspect of consumer behavior. This study was designed to investigate the relationships between purchasing behavior of textile and perceived risk. Data were obtained from 276 housewives. ANOVA, x2-test were employed to analyse the data. The result were : 1. general features of textile purchase behavior are as follows. Blend wools and pure wool products are prefered. Fall is the major season in purchasing textile. Wholesalers, department stores and agent stores are prefered. Purchasing decision making process independent upon not only textile itself but the practice value of the textile. Purchasing textile, married young women depend on outward shape of the textile, middle and old aged groups depend on the economic value of the textile and the credibility of the stores. 2. Perception of risk is relatively high in the preference of store, color/design, and psycological uncertainty. But the perceived risks is relatively low in brand, price and social credibility. 3. There is significant relationship between the recognition rate of risk and the sensitiveness of the consumer. In addition, there are strong relationship between the risk rate and the preference of shop, brand, and price. On the other hand, there are no significant relationship between the color, design, and sociopsyco-logical risk and demographic variables. 4. The perceived risk of consumer would be a key stone to grasp the consumer behavior. The product company needs to provide full information which could reduce the perceived risk of consumer. there attitude would help for the mutual interests. In the future research, we need to develop the precise methods for finding variables on the perceived risk during the process of making purchase intention.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.549-559
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to study accumlated residual soils which may be one of the causes for yellowing of worn cloths. Wear and wash tests of white cotton undershirts were repeated at 30 households sellected at random over a period of 60 days. Laundry conditions were similar to home laundry habits in a fact-finding survey, using a powdery heavy duty detergent containing no enzymes or enzymes. The subjects in this study were survey of laundry actual condition, the undershirts from prior to and after the final washing was measured residual soils, $L^*a^*b^*$ value and mellowness index of CIE system. D3ta were analysed by simple correlation analysis of wear and wash cycle, residual soils, whiteness The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Using pattern of washing machine, Presoaking was no singinificant differnece in general characteristics of survey respondent. Laundry frequency was significant difference in income level, occupation of housewives whether or not. Use of cold and hot water was significant difference in residence shape. 2. The analyzed consequences of recognition and actual behavior in connection with laundry were found variables each other to have independence or not. 3. Amount of residual sebum soils is using non-enzyme detergent were much more than in using enzyme detergent, increased linearly with increase of the number of wear and wash cycles. 4. Residual protein soils with increase of the number wear and wash cycles less than in laundering more easy than sebum soils. Since accumulated residual sebum soils were much more than residual protein soils. 5. Increase of residual soils was raised mellowness index and diminshed whiteness. yellowness index of residual sebum soils was higher than protein soils. If increase of whiteness will be incresed, amount of residual sebum soils will be decreased sebum soils. Because amount of residual sebum soils much more than protein soils, yellowness index of residual sebum soils was more higher than that of protein soils.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.617-627
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• 2001

This study examined health foods intakes and related variables among the middle aged(150 men and 159 women) in the Jeonbuk region. Health foods were classified into 4 groups including Chinese medicine(CM), toner foods(TF), vitamin or mineral supplements(VMS), and other manufactured health food supplements(MHFS). The number of people taking health foods were higher for those in their 50's than in their 40's. The consumption rate of TF in men was the highest among health foods, this result had significance. The reasons for taking health foods were recovery from fatigue, supplement of nutrients and making smooth body activity in general, but TF was used to increase of vigor. The consumption rate of health foods was a little different according to social-economic factors, namely, the consumption rate of CM was higher in people in rural than urban areas, those who graduated from middle school than university, blue color & self-employed as opposed to housewives and service workers, low level income than high level income, and Buddhism and no religion than Christian. The consumption rate had a correlation with the habits of smoking, alcohol drinking and exercise ; namely, the consumption rate of CM was higher than VMS and MHFS on smokers and alcohol drinkers. The more the frequency of exercise, the higher the consumption rate of TF, but the duration of the exercise was not correlated. This study suggests that middle aged people need nutritional education for the right recognition and selection of health foods and to consider the nature of each type of health foods.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.93-103
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• 2007

This study examined the awareness of the middle aged about the digital home system and well-being apartment design elements in order to suggest the design guidelines for planning of the elderly housing environment. By literature review, the concept and characteristics of the digital home system and well-being Apartment design elements were summarized the degree of satisfaction and preference of middle aged for these characteristics were investigated and analyzed. For this study, a questionnaire survey of 156 housewives living in apartment complex of Busan was carried out. The results of this study are as follows: The middle aged were generally short of recognition for digital skill and service, and also they showed positive evaluations to a few useful items of digital home system. These items belong under safety security system and interior environment control system and provided for convenient & comfortable life. Accordingly, satisfied digital home system can apply basic design element for housing for elderly. Whereas, the middle-aged were not satisfied with housework help system and cultural life system because items of these systems were not various and complicate to us. So, for the improvement of not satisfied digital home system, we needed development of digital contents and marketing & management for high accessibility and easy useability. The middle aged will concern about health & environment friendly continuously and become to stay long in their housing as the characteristics of elderly. So, It is necessary to be considered well-being apartment design elements of health & environment friendly very actively and lastingly in elderly housing environment design. Also, the awareness of middle aged for digital home system and well-being apartment design elements varied according to the background characteristics. This suggests housing environment for elderly life is considered differently as various background characteristics of middle aged.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.46-70
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• 1987

The survey with questionnaire were conducted to grasp the actual condition of four cautious drugs-antibiotics, sedative hypnctics, mincr tranquilizer, analeptics-self -medication behavior through drugstore use and to analyze the primary factors connected with it. The following six objectives were established. 1) To catch the reason why the man who medicate himself buy four cautious drugs at a drugstore, and to know the choice motive of each drug purchased. 2) To grasp the distribution of four cautious drug taken by the man who medicate himself and to analyse the reason of taking the drug. 3) To find out whether the buyer has taken the same drug past and to know the duration and the frequency. 4) To grasp the degree of recognition about four cautious drugs and the attitude toward continuous taking them. 5) To analyze the degree of recognition about the influence on human body and the attitude of medication behavior. 6) To know "the experience of side-effects" and to grasp the kind of the side-effects. The data were collected from 15 drugstores with 677 respondents in seoul from August 17 to september 21, 1987. The following results were obtained. 1) The reasons for drugstore use were first, "for easy access and convenience" (53.7%) second, "for the slightness of illness" (19.9%) third "for the cheap price" (13.2%). According to that result, the factor of "the easy access of drugstore" was most influential. In case of the poor, the factor "for the cheap price "was revealed second (37.3%). And "for the slightness of illness" was second reason in the medically insured (22. 9%), "for the cheap price" was second reason in the others (29%). 2) The kind of drugs purchased were antibiotics (62.8%), analeptics(17.2%), minor tranquilizer(13.3%) and sedative hypnotics (6.7%) on the whole. In teenagers, besides antibiotics the percentage of taking analepits came second (42.4%) and it was revealed that the percentage of sedative hypnotics, minor tranquilizer increase with age. But in proportion to the increase of age, the taking of analeptis decreased. 3) The choice motives of each drug purchased were all different. In case of antibiotics "recommendation of pharmacist" was 39.6%, sedative hypnotics "recommendation of pharmacist" and "my own judgement", 28.9%, respectively, minor tranquilizer "my own judgement", 35.2%. and in case of analeptics "my oun judgement" was most common with 53.5%. 4) The reasons for taking drugs were as follows. antibiotics was taken for the inflammation mitigation of a wound and a swelling (38.5%), sedative hypnotics for the removal of insomnia (97.5%), minor tranquilizer because of restlessness and qloominess(39.3%), and analeptics for the shortening of sleeping hours (35.1%). 5) Those experienced in taking four cautious drugs were 78.2% on the average. It was revealed that antibiotics use duration was "from one week to one month" (38.9%), the frequency was "rarely" (62.1%), sedative hypnotics and minor tranquilizer; "More than three years", (35.7%, 30.4%), respectively, "Somtimes", (43.8%, 35%), respectively. analeptics ; "from one year to three years", (27.6%), "Sometimes", (42.7%). 6) In regard to the source of information in taking drugs, 35.3 percent of male were relied on "recommendation of pharmacist", 32.6 percent of female "my own judgement", There was a difference between below the middle school graduates and over the high school graduates Thease were relied on "recommendation of pharmacist" first, those "my own judgement" first. And "my own judgement" was the first source of specialist(40%), labours(41.4%), salesman(43.5%), and jobless men(36.8%), "recommendation of ralatives on friends" was the first source of students (30.4%), "recommendation of pharmacist" was the first soure of teachers, administrative office workers (39%) and housewives (40.7%). 7) The degree of recognition about four cautious drugs was as follows. "know a little" was (43.0%), "don't know" (30.2%), "know" (26.8%), respectively. In regard to the attitude toward continuous taking them, it was revealed that "I will take it according to circumstamces" was first (56.2%), " I will not take it as possible" was first(56.2%), "I dont know well" (12.9%), "I will take it continuously" (8.3%). 8) About the influence on human body, "if proper, it is effect" was common attitude toward antibiotics (43.6%), "Probably bad influence on the health" was first toward the other drugs (46.2%), In terms of the degree of observance to taking-time and dose of drugs, "suitably" was first (37.3%), "relatively correctly" second (27%), "correctly" (17%). 9) The percentage of four cautious drugs side-effects was 27.5 on the average. The kind of side-effects were eruption and urticaria (28.5%), heart acceleration and so forth. (25.4%), headache and Giddiness, dyspepsia (23%), respectively.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.125-153
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• 2006

This study was intended to describe women's weight controlling by creating a hypothetic model on the weight adjustment behavior and by examining a cause and effect relationship, and to contribute to countermeasures for practicing their promotion of health and improving the quality of life through creating a predictable model. The subject of study was women who utilize the beauty shop located in Seoul, Busan and Daegu and the study period was 12 weeks from July 10 to September 30 in 2004. Gathered 1093 person's general specialty related with weight adjustment and analyzed covariance to prove the hypothesis using statistics compiled from authentic sources. Also proved coincidence of the hypothetical model. Exogenous variables of the hypothetical model are composed of recognition of her body shape, fatness level, age, stress, and self-respect. Endogenous variables are health- control mind, recognized health state, self-efficacy, intention, and behavior of weight adjustment. There were 5 measured variables for exogenous variable(x). There were 8 measured variable(y) for exogenous variable. And coincidence $x^2=297.38$, standard $x^2(x^2/df)=7.08$, GFI=0.962, AGFI=0.917, NFI=0.875, TLI=0.794, CFI=0.889, RMSEA=0.075. The result of hypothesis had an epoch-making record that 20 out of 27 hypothesis was proved positive way. Generally weight adjustment has been highly seen in housewives, the married and the old age. Health control mind seems to be high as fatness level, age, and self-respect are high and low stress. Recognized health state is high as age and self-respect are high and low stress. However, it is not much related with recognition of her body shape and fatness level. If age, self-respect, health control mind, recognized health state and self-efficacy are high intention of behavior is also high, but intention of behavior has no relation with recognition of her body shape, fatness level and stress. If fatness level, age, self-respect, health control mind, recognized health state and self-efficacy and intention of behavior are high, execution of weight adjustment will be high. However, recognized health state and stress has no influence for weight adjustment. To increase the coincidence of hypothesis and take a simple model I modified a model and then I got the coincidence $x^2=215.62$, standard $x^2(x^2/df)=6.34$, GFI=0.970, AGFI=0.931, NFI=0.902, TLI=0.901, CFI=0.915, RMSEA=0.070. This result is a bit better than original hypothetical model's so that this model might be more suitable. In this modification model, the factors of weight adjustment seems to be high according to this order self-efficacy, recognized health state, age, intention, health control mind, self-respect, fatness level and stress. With this result I suggest ; 1. Enforcement of IR that everybody can be controlled weight adjustment herself and continuous education, which is related with regular habit (food, exercise, restriction of a favorite food and behavior training etc.) is also needed. 2. Because self-efficacy is influenced to execution of weight adjustment specific program which can increase self-efficacy should have to develop and we need to utilize it to take care of herself. 3. To protect fatness and be active weight adjustment the peculiar program including the concept of self-respect, recognized health state, health control mind and intention must be developed and not only women but also all of people should be educated. 4. This hypothetical model is forecasting women's weight adjustment behavior and can be utilized for fundamental data to increase those people's health.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.7
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• pp.353-374
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• 2001

Price and brand are two major attributes of products that consumer purchases. Price is important because it is often a measure of worth and quality. Some consumers purchase only well-known national brands. However, By reason of the price competition on account of new business condition and depressions, and consumers practical and rational purchasing tendency, consumers tend to purchase private brands(PB hereafter) because as consumers they expect that producers have reasonable and acceptable quality. Accordingly, The study, with intrinsic cue, extrinsic cue, familiarity anything like these cues from the study of Richardson et aI(1994, 1996), intends to present current topics we guide in retailer's promotion strategy for PB. As for investigating how quality evaluation has on effect on the private brands purchasing behavior of discount store grocery items. This study establishes a hypotheses on the basis of the quality evaluation cues of PB and literature review for purchasing behavior and collects materials for consumers about 196, and also analyzes them using a variety of SPSS/PC+package program. Therefore, the findings of this study provide the following managerial implications. 1) Retailer will successful in increasing private brand market share through dramatic improvement in package design, labeling, advertising, and branding strategies. 2) Planned Purchasers have high intention to repurchase PB because they buy them reasonably in accordance with the estimate therefore, they might have word-of-mouth effect for the evaluation of quality and recognition. They need to acknowledge benefits for PB purchases to maintain purchase like that. 3) The main consumers are housewives in their thirties and forties and they something reasonably because they have a lot of family and retailer will work out.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.179-198
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• 1992

The purspoe of this study is to identify the socialization level of household work of the employed and unemployed housewives and it's related variables in order to provide some fundamental information for the rational and effective performation of the household task. For the purpose of this study, 700 questionnaire were distributed to the employed and unemployed wives who lived in Seoul. The data were analyed by the Frequency distribution, Percentile, t-test, F-test, Duncan's Multiple Range Test, and Multiple Regression Analysis. The main results were as follows : (1) Socialization level of household work of the employed wives was a little below medium point. When the household work was devided into three subdomains, in the domain of food and shelter, the socialization level was far below medium point. In the domain of clothes, the socialization level was a little higher than medium point. Socialization level of household work of the unemployed wives far below average. When the household work was devided into three sudbomains, in the domain of food, clothes and shelter, the socialization level was far below average, too. Socialization level of household work was significantly different according to the employment. (2) Among the background veriables, family income, household work helper, and frequency of leisure activities have a significant influence on the socialization level of the employed wives. Duration of marriage, housewife's education level and house income have a important effect on the socialization level of the unemployed wives background. (3) Among the background variabels of household work, performing competence of household work is powerful effect on the socialization level of the employed wives. And as for the unemployed wives, performing competence of household task and recognition of the velue of household work are significant variables. (4) The psychological variable such as sex-role attitude gave no noticeable influence on the socialization level of employed and unemployed wives. (5) In conclusion, classifing the variances influencing on the socialization level of household work in a measure of respcetive effect, it appears to be performing competence of household task, frequency of leisure activities, house income, sex-role attitued and educational level in the order of their influences for the employed wives. And as for the unemployed wives, it seems to be house income, educational level, performing competence of household work and frequency of leisure activities. To the two sides, the rate of explanation is shown at 35%.