• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 1983

As a series of studios on the suitability as a second intermediate host of Clcnorchis sinensis, the wormicidal effects of mucus from epidermis of Cyprinus carpio nudus were observed. The results obtained were sumlnarized as follows : On the silica gel thin layer chromatography with the greenisll yellow supernatant in acetone: benzene110:90 as carrier, seven spots were observed in iodine chamber. The spot of Rf. 0.225 value among them disclosed the strongest wormicidal effect on the cercaria, the encysted metacercaria, and the adult of C. sinensis. hfeanwhile, no seasonal variations were found in Rf. values and effect of the wormicidal fractions. The wormicidal materials in epidermal mucus of C. carpio nudes and Carassius carassius were compared in their effect, and the former was Inore effective killing substance than the latter. It seemed that C. carpio nodus could not be proper intermediate host of C. sinensis according to results of the present study, in addition to our previous observation results.

• 천문학회보
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.53.3-54
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• 2016

We combine a semi-analytic model of galaxy evolution with constraints on circumstellar habitable zones and the distribution of terrestrial planets in order to probe the suitability of galaxies of different mass and type to host habitable planets, and how it evolves with time. We find that the fraction of stars with terrestrial planets in their habitable zone (known as habitability) depends only weakly on galaxy mass, with a maximum around $4{\times}10^{10}M_{\odot}$. We estimate that 0.7% of all stars in Milky Way-type galaxies to host a terrestrial planet within their habitable zone, consistent with the value derived from Kepler observations. On the other hand, the habitability of passive galaxies is slightly but systematically higher, unless we assume an unrealistically high sensitivity of planets to supernovae. We find that the overall habitability of galaxies has not changed significantly in the last ~8 Gyr, with most of the habitable planets in local disk galaxies having formed ~1.5 Gyr before our own solar system. Finally, we expect that ${\sim}1.4{\times}10^9$ planets similar to present-day Earth have existed so far in our galaxy.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.1273-1281
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• 2020

Due to the broad host suitability of viral vectors and their high gene delivery capacity, many researchers are focusing on viral vector-mediated gene therapy. Among the retroviruses, foamy viruses have been considered potential gene therapy vectors because of their non-pathogenicity. To date, the prototype foamy virus is the only retrovirus that has a high-resolution structure of intasomes, nucleoprotein complexes formed by integrase, and viral DNA. The integration of viral DNA into the host chromosome is an essential step for viral vector development. This process is mediated by virally encoded integrase, which catalyzes unique chemical reactions. Additionally, recent studies on foamy virus integrase elucidated the catalytic functions of its three distinct domains and their effect on viral pathogenicity. This review focuses on recent advancements in biochemical, structural, and functional studies of foamy virus integrase for gene therapy vector research.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 1997년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.48-53
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• 1997

The objective of this paper is to present the development and application of interface software between robot and F/T sensor for force control. The interface software for among the robot controller, F/T sensor, and host PC is based on interrupt-driven method. To show the suitability of developed interface software, writing-task is performed in real time using F/T sensor that mounts on the wrist of the robot and Scara type 4-axis robot.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 1985

In order to judge appropriately the suitability as the second intermediate host of Clonorchis sinensis, the present experiments were proposed to survey the metacercaria of C. sinensis in the fish host, Cuztriculus eigenmanni, in the 6eld, and to observe, by experimental infection of the fish with Clonorchis cercaria, the penetrating ability of the cercaria, maturity, the process of degeneration and extinction, and infectivity of the metacercaria. The following is a brie summary of the leading facts gained through the experiments. 1. All the ten fish (mean body weight $13.4{\pm}3.439$) which were caught in Ok-ku irrigation reservoir were in acted with the metacercariae and the average number of the metacercariae found in the fish body/gram was 4.55. 2. The Bish was easily subject to invasion of the cercaria, and the examination of the cercariae after having the fish infected disclosed that 5:l hours after the infection, all of the cercariae formed their cysts in muscle and the metacercariae kept growing, that 7 days later the metacercariae were found folding their bodies twice, and that in 15 days the characteristic structure of the metacercariae was complete and made a vigorous rotary movement intermittently. 3. In the case of control fish, Pseudorasbora parka, both penetrating ability of the cercariae and the infective degree of the metacercariae to control host were stronger as compared with the 5sh host because that the control fish had higher suceptibility to C. sinensis. 4. Afterwards, the metacercariae in the fish host came to a state of maturity and beyond this stage some metacercariae started the Process of degeneration and extinction in as early as 30 days, and as more days elapsed, mortality of the metacercariae was not uniformly increased but difference of mortality appeared to be according to the individual of Ssh host. That is, in 390, 540 and 586 days, all of the metacercariae in the fish hosts became dead, meanwhile almost all of those found in the fish host of 596 days after the infection survived (mortality; 8, 51%) , Percentage of orally administered metacercariae developing to maturity in rabbit is 10.465 in the last case. 5. As the days were progressed the shapes of the metacercariae in the fish host tended to change from ellipsoid to almost round shapes, the length became shorter while the width was wider. The results shown above revealed that C. eigenmanni was, though it could not be proper host than p. larva. suitable as the second intermediate host in addition to our previous observation results.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.91-113
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• 2019

The fashion industry has been growing in Korea, but the law and the dispute resolution have been less than effective so far. Copyright and patent law have proven only minimally effective in fashion, ending up with designers and fashion companies relying on their trademarks to protect their design. Litigating trademark disputes in the fashion industry presents a host of problems and leads to resorting to the Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR). ADR methods, especially arbitration, however, are emerging as substitutes to litigation. Using these methods, the fashion industry should sincerely consider a self-regulating program in which its members-both fashion designers and corporations alike-can resolve disputes in a manner mutually beneficial to all parties in order to preserve the industry's growth, solidarity, and esteem. From 2016, KCAB's Fashion Industry Dispute Advisory Committee (FIDAC) for ADR has promoted a better solution for disputes in the fashion industry. Therefore, stakeholders in the fashion industry should commit to procuring innovation in fashion on a long-term basis by establishing a panel handling an alternate dispute resolution process. The ADR process can mitigate the uncertainty created by relevant legislation or any other disputes, which could result in shying away from any business in the fashion industry.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.11-18
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• 1983

As a part of observation on the suitability as a second intermediate host of Clonorchis sinensis, various infection experiments were tried to Cyprinus carpio nodus. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The cercariae which attempted to contact with Cyprinus carpio nodus in the water were observed under the stereomicroscope. After contact, cercariae began to separate its tails from the bodies at 4 minutes increasingly, and then the numbers ranged to 80% at 13 minutes after the encounter. But very few cercariae could actually invade into the epidermis of the fish. 2. When Cyprinus carpio nudes were exposed to a number of cercariae in the beaker, only a few cercariae could invade through the epidermis. Most of the invaded cercariae were killed before forming the cyst. Also rare encysted cercariae were found to be dead within 48 hours. 3. Cyprinus carpio nudes were reared with Parafossarulus manchouricus shedding numerous cercariae in the indoor aquarium. When observed after 12 days, to determine the susceptibility, no metacercaria was found infected. 4. Cyprinus carpio nudum were reared with Parafossarulus manchouricus shedding numerous cercariae in Kimhae lake for 2 months in summer of 1982, in order to check the natural infection. No metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis was found from the fish. 5. In the cases of control fish, Pseudoraibora larva, numerous cercariae were inspected on the course of invasion through epidermis of the fish under the stereomicroscope. And many metacercariae were also found from the Ssh whenever they were kept in beaker, indoor aquarium, or the lake for natural infection. The results suggested that Cyprinus carpio kudus might not be proper intermediate host of Clonorchis sinensis.

• Current Applied Physics
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1359-1367
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• 2018

In this work, we investigated the spectroscopic properties of $LiY_xSr_yZrO_{3+{\alpha}:Eu^{3+}$, a red emitting nanophosphor based on $SrZrO_3$ perovskite. The synthesis process was an auto-combustion process. X-ray diffractograms show the orthorhombic structure of $SrZrO_3$. Photoluminescence (PL) excitation spectra display a split charge transfer band revealing the presence of two possible sites for the $Eu^{3+}$ ions. The emission spectra at 231 nm excitation illustrate the dominance of the $^5D_0-^7F_1$ transition, which is an indication that the smaller sized $Eu^{3+}$ ions are mostly situated at the more ordered (symmetric) $Sr^{2+}$ sites. The emission spectra at 292 nm & 397 nm excitations show the dominance of $^5D_0-^7F_2$ transition which suggests some of the $Eu^{3+}$ ions are also situated at the distorted $Zr^{4+}$ sites. Both the intensity parameters, asymmetry ratio and the decay lifetimes of the nanophosphors show dependence on $Y^{3+}$ concentration, signifying a modification in the host structure. Maximum quantum efficiency value of ${\approx}46%$ was obtained for the nanophosphors which indicate the need for improvement for practical applications. CIE coordinates show the suitability of this phosphor for both red emission in LED and as a complementary colour for white LED applications.

• 환경생물
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.214-223
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• 2022

멸강나방(Mythimna seperata)과 혹명나방(Cnaphalocrocis medinalis)은 중국 남부 양쯔강 유역에서 봄철 편서풍을 타고 국내로 유입되는 비래 해충(Migratory insect pests)으로 벼를 기주로 삼아 벼 잎을 가해하여 생육을 저해시킨다. 두 나방의 분포를 파악하기 위해서는 서식처의 온습도 뿐만 아니라 주변 환경 요소를 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구는 두 나방의 분포를 파악하기 위해서 SDM(Species Distribution Model) 중 Machine learning model인 MaxEnt (Maximum Entropy)에 출현 자료, SSPs (Shared Socio-economic Pathways) 시나리오, RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) 시나리오를 적용하여 현재와 미래의 서식지 적합성 모형을 예측했다. 결과로 시기에 따른 서식처 면적이 큰 차이가 없었으며, SSPs 시나리오가 나빠짐에 따라 분포 면적이 넓어졌다. 두 나방은 중국으로부터 비래 후 생존하기 위한 최적의 장소가 기주가 있는 서해안과 남해안에 집중되어 있다. MaxEnt 결과 토지피복 자료, DEM (Degital Elevation Model) 순으로 기여도가 높게 나타났다. 이는 논에서의 출현 확률 높고 고도가 높아지면서 출현 확률이 낮아졌기 때문이다. 기후 변수에서 멸강나방은 BIO_4 (Temperature seasonality), 혹명나방은 BIO_2 (Mean Diurnal Range)가 높게 나타났다. 멸강나방은 계절에 의한 기온 차가 31.9℃ 이상일 때 서식처가 줄어들고, 혹명나방은 일교차 클수록 서식처가 넓어질 것으로 나타났다. 서식지 적합성 모형에서 두 나방은 대부분의 논에서 서식이 가능할 것이라 예측되었다. 하지만, 두 나방의 출현 위치를 정확하게 예측하는 데 한계가 있으므로, 서식지 적합성 지도를 기초로 조기에 대응하는 것이 중요하다고 판단된다.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2021

One of the major problems in fish production is that parasite-induced episodes of disease can result in significant impacts to the health of stock, mortalities and, economical losses. Seabreams are economically important fish in both the capture fishery and aquaculture sectors in Oman and represent potential species for aquaculture. The current study set out to investigate infection of polyopisthocotylean monogeneans on the gills of wild goldlined seabream, Rhabdosargus sarba, caught from Musairah region in Oman. The prevalence, mean intensity and abundance of polyopisthocotyleans on 145 fish was found to be 52.41%, 5.65 and 3.04, respectively. Three species of microcotylid parasite were isolated, one being Atrispinum acarne while the remaining two species require further study to identify them. There was no significant difference in the infection rate between host sex, however, parasite burdens were higher on larger sized fish (p<0.05) and were found to favour the first gill arch (p< 0.05). The study found that the sample of Rhabdosargus sarba landed in the waters around Musairah are heavily infected, with a predominantly immature population of microcotylids. Further work is required to better understand the potential risk each species poses to the health of its host before a decision is made on the suitability of new candidate fish species for commercial aquaculture.