• 대한간호
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.61-76
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• 1993

This study was done in order La provide basic data to a Fee System for hospital based Home Health Care services in Korea in the future. It was done by investigating activities provided to possible Home Health Care clients who could be discharged early from genera] hospitals and then estimating the nursing care fee according to each nursing activity based upon the time used for activity. The subjects of the study were selected by convenience sampling and consisted of 35 clients who might be clients for Home Nursing Care and were presently admitted to a medical- surgical ward of Y University Medical Center located in Seoul, Korea. The data collection period was from September 1, 1991 to September 30, 1991. The research in strum nets utilized for the study were a client selection criterial for Home Health Care developed by Choo(l991) and a check-list of nursing activity developed by researcher. The results of the study were as follows : 1. There were 44 different nursing activities provided in the seven days but the time was calculated for only 25 of the nursing activities. 2. Fees for the 25 different nursing activities were calculated by multipling the median of the average wage of a staff nurse having five years experience in an A grade general hospital to the Lime of the nursing activity. The results were compared with the insurance fee which the government recognized as an appropriate fee for that activity. The nursing activities with a lower calculated fee than the insurance fee were suction, catheterization, exercise education and dressing change. The nursing activities with a higher calculated fee than the government recognized fee were 1M injection and vital sign check. 3. There was a range of 1-15 nursing activities provided daily to the client. For the average number of nursing activities per day of 6.26 events the nursing care fee was calaulated at W 6136 per day. 4. Based upon the results of the study, a recommentdation for a Home Health Care fee per visit based on the nursing activities provided could be formulated for a Home Health Care fee system. It could be formulated as following: 1) Home health Care fee per visit $=[(direct{\;} nursing{\;}fee(direct{\;}nursing{\;}care{\;}time{\;}per{\;}activity{\;}{\times}{\;}average{\;}nursing{\;}wage)+indirect fee]{\times}average$ nursing activity per visit]+management fee+ materials fee+a travel fee In this way a nursing fee could be calculated based upon the result of the study of the nursing fees per visit. 2) Nursing activity fees per visit. = $([direct nursing{\;}care{\;}fee+indirect{\;}nursing{\;}fee]{\times}average$ number of nursing activities provided per visit] (W 6, 136) + travel fee(\ 5, 542) +management fee material $fee({\alpha})\{\;}16, 436+{\alpha}$ The nursing fee per visit as calculated in this research of $\{\;}15, 0000+{\alpha}$ could be adjusted according to the patient's condition or the use of high technology nursing care or according to the amount of time spent for travel. The nursing care fee per visit presented in this study can be validated through a Home Health Care demonstration project.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제37권12호
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• pp.29-41
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships of the social demographic variables, health variables, and family environmental variables to life satisfaction of rural olders, to identify their problems and to find good directions to enhance the welfares for the rural olds who are in poor life situations. The results are as follows : 1. The male old's satisfaction were higher than the female old's one. The life satisfaction didn't show differences according to the age or religion. But, the higher educational level, the higher life satisfaction was shown. The higher the economic status, the higher life satisfaction was shown. 2. The degree of life satisfaction had meaningful differences on the number of disease and health situation. The more disease they have, the lower life satisfaction was shown. 3. The life satisfaction of the rural old was highest when they live together with their married children than living alone. When they have spouse, the life satisfaction was high. And, as the relation with their children was close, the life satisfaction was high. So, it is thought the children have great influences to the rural old. 4. In the multiple regression analysis, It was found that physical health, the relationship with their children, perceived economic status, and unemployment of their children were effective variables in the old's life satisfaction.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.26-38
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to estimate home care nursing cost for the patient with Cerebrovascular Disease based on a bundle of home care nursing services This study was conducted through four steps. The first step was to investigate home care nursing activities that were offered to the patient with Cerebrovascular Disease(CD) by home care nurse. The second step was to investigate the time spent on home care nursing service and to calculate labor and manufacturing cost. The third step was to calculate home care nursing cost per minute. And at the fourth step, home care nursing cost for a patient with Cerebrovascular Disease based on a bundle of home care nursing service was calculated. The results of the study were as follows: 1) The number of direct home care nursing activities for the patient with CD was 108, and the time of each activity was spent from 1 to 10 minutes. 2) Average time per visit was 51 minute, and the firs visit time were spent 1.6 times higher than 2nd visit time. 3) Nursing cost per minute(cost per visit ${\\}\;22,565\;\div\;$ average time per visit 51 minutes) was ${\\}\;442$. The cost per visit was calculated on Basic visiting cost(nurse's labor cost ${\\}\;15,760$ + management cost ${\\}\;6,805$) divided by average time per visit(51 minutes). 4) Home care nursing cost to the patient with CD based on bundle of home care nursing service was consisted of basic home care nursing cost, the cost of a bundle of service practiced on visit. and transportation fee. Basic home nursing cost(the time spent on basic home nursing service 20 minutes ${\times}$ nursing cost per minute ${\\}\;442$) was ${\\}\;8,840$. The cost of the bundle of home care nursing services to the patient with CD was calculated as self care ${\\}\;2.898$, Tracheostomy care ${\\}\;10,166$, immobility care ${\\}\;6,188$, sore care ${\\}\;6,188$. Foley care ${\\}\;6,630$, and Levin tube or Gastrostomy care ${\\}\;7.514$. Transportation fee which was composed of the labor cost for transportation(${\\}\;5,122$) and the car management cost(${\\}\;3.876$) was ${\\}\;8,998$. Home care nursing cost to the patient with CD based on bundle of home care nursing services consisted of basic home care nursing cost, the cost of a bundle of service practiced on visit, and transportation fee. It will contribute to improve quality of home care service, because of giving appreciate incentives to home care nurses. And it will be more efficient than current cost of hospital based home care. But it need to management than calculation of the current fee-for-services of home care.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.430-447
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the role and tasks of nurses who were working for the elderly in the visiting health services at the public health centers. Methods: Literature reviews, two rounds of meetings with 5 experts and a two-round Delphi technique with 15 experts were performed in this study. Results: The nurses' role and job analysis revealed 5 roles, 16 duties and, 71 tasks. The nurses' roles, including discovery and registration of households/groups in visiting health service in the community, case manager, administrative management, program planning, operation and evaluation, and development of job competency. Sixteen duties included client registration and management, need assessment and plan establishment, education, consultation and support, seasonal health care, prevention and monitoring of infectious diseases, basic nursing care, chronic disease management, linkage and utilization of resources, team cooperation and coordination, home environment management, monitoring and support for intervention outcomes, evaluation, administrative management, program planning, operation and evaluation, development of professional competency and, adoption of fourth industrial revolution technology. Conclusions: Based on the results, the government should provide sufficient nursing personnel to provide universal preventive health services for the elderly and a job training program to perform these roles well.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.137-138
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• 2008

수많은 방식의 ECG 압축 코딩 알고리즘이 개발되어왔고 현재도 개발 중이지만 각자의 알고리즘의 성능에 유리한 특정 데이터만을 분석하고 압축율이 다름으로 인해 다른 알고리즘과의 성능 비교를 객관화하고 있지 못하였다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 MIT-BIH에서 제공하는 ECG 신호와 달리 시뮬레이션된 ECG 신호를 기반으로 각각의 알고리즘에 대한 성능비교를 하여 ECG신호의 특성에 따른 코딩 알고리즘의 압축율 및 평균 오차 에러의 정도를 분석비교하였다. 비교 대상 알고리즘으로는 상용화되어 널리 사용되는 Delta 코팅 방식의 문턱치를 갖는 Discrete Pulse Code Modulation과 Discrete Cosine Transform, Lifting Wavelet Transform과 Wavelet 기반 Linear Prediction 4가지 알고리즘을 대상으로 분석하였다. Compression Ratio (CR)을 2,4로 고정하고 Percentage of Root-mean-square difference (PDR)를 분석 한 결과, EMG 잡음의 진폭변 화에는 0.1mV이하의 경우 OCT, Wavelet Lifiting Transform이 낮은 PDR을 보였고, 01.mV이상의 경우 Wavelet based Linear Prediction (WLP)이 낮은 PDR을 보였다. Heart Rate의 간격에 변화를 주어 불규칙성이 있는 경우 WLP가 가장 안좋은 PDR 결과를 보였으며, DCT가 가장 낮고 안정된 PDR 결과를 보였다. DPCM은 노이즈와 진폭간격의 변화에 상관없이 압축율에 의해 크게 PDR 성능 결과가 변화함을 나타내었다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.141-156
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• 2023

Background: As the population rapidly ages, older adults are increasingly likely to experience mobility problems. This study aims to explore the characteristics related to an elderly person's willingness to live in a nursing home if they have mobility problems Methods: This study analyzed data from 9,917 older adults (5,976 young-old and 3,941 old-old) obtained from the 2020 National Survey of Older Koreans. The dependent variable was the intended place of residence for older adults with mobility problems. Independent variables included various characteristics: (1) sociodemographic and social support, (2) health and functional status, and (3) residential environment. Rao-Scott chi-square tests and survey logistic regression analyses were performed for the young-old and old-old, respectively. Results: The intention to live in a nursing home was significantly different between the young-old (30.4%) and the old-old (34.7%) (p=0.009). According to fully adjusted multivariable analyses, for the young-old, the odds ratio of intending to live in a nursing home was significantly higher in social security benefit recipients (1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-1.97) compared to other individuals. The odds ratio was higher in unmarried (divorced, separated, widowed, or never-married) individuals for both young-old (1.41; 95% CI, 1.22-1.63) and old-old (1.34; 95% CI, 1.09-1.65) age groups, compared to their respective married counterparts. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that in an aging society, health and social policies should be designed considering the different characteristics of the elderly to improve their health, function, and quality of life.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제2권
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• pp.35-51
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• 1995

This study was done to define nursing diagnose and to test the validity of the characteristics for patients with cerebrovascular accidents being seen at home by home health care nurses. This study was a descriptive study. The sample consisted of 10 experts(professors and home health care nurses) who had had a variety of experience using nursing diagnoses in clinical practice, and 336 nurse progress notes for 18 patients with cerebrovascular accidents. First, 32 nursing diagnoses were defined by the analysis of 336 nurse progress notes, and ten nursing diagnoses were selected according to a criteria of frequency and four nursing diagnoses from home health care clinical practice. Second, content validity was examined by an expert group which considered the sign / symtoms of the fourteen nursing diagnoses. The instrument used for this was a checklist for sign / symtoms based on the nurse progress notes and literature : Carpenito(1993), Kim Cho Ja et al (1994), Lee Sun Ok et al.(1994), Kim Mae Ja et al. (1992), Seoul University Hospital (1993) , Kim Mi Ja et al. (1991). The data were collected from March 1995 to April 1995. Data were analyzed using Content Validity Incidence where if 80% or more of the expert group agreed, characteristics were defined as a major sign/symtoms, if between 50% and 79% of the expert group agreed with the characteristic it was defined as a minor sign / symtoms. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Thirty-two nursing diagnoses related to patients with cerebrovascular accidents were defined. There was a high frequency for the following : 'Potential for disuse syndrome (61%)', 'Impaired physical mobility(50%)', 'Impaired skin integrity (44.4%)', Potential for aspiration(33.3%)', 'Potential for infection: respiration(33.3%)', 'Self-care deficit : bathing /hygine(27.8%)', 'Ineffective family coping(22.2%)', 'Potential for trauma(22.2%)', 'Alteration in nutrition: less than body requirements(22.2%)'. The following diagnoses were also used in home health care clinical practice : 'Anxiety in family (50%)', 'Caregiver fatigue(27.8%)', 'Ineffective treatment behavior (22.2%)', 'Ineffective Levin tube management and Levin tube feeding(22.2%)'. Fourteen nursing diagnoses were selected. 2. Ten of the nursing diagnoses for patients with cerebrovascular accident were listed as nursing diagnoses by NANDA but four nursing diagnoses were new nursing diagnoses used in home health care clinical practice. 3. Characteristics of the ten Nursing Diagnoses from NANDA were developed from the sign /symtoms in the literature and in the nurse progress notes. These characteristics was verified as major or minor sign / symtoms by the expert group. 4. Characteristics of the four nursing diagnoses used in home health care were not defined by the literature but only by the nurse progress notes and verified as major or minor signs /symtoms by the expert group. On the basis of the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made : 1. Continual study is necessary to identify other signs /symtoms not verified in this study. 2. It is necessary to use verified signs /symtoms in home health care clinical practice. 3. It is necessary to define related factors which define each diagnoses in this study. 4. It is necessary to develop of standardized nursing are plans which include defined signs and symtoms. 5. It is necessary to study the outcomes of the standardized nursing care plans.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제12권1권
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• pp.92-116
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was a predicative survey to provide home care clients with indwelling urinary catheters for furnishing basic educational material to their families by analyzing the family members' knowledge, educational needs and educational experience about indwelling catheter management. Method : The subjects consisted of 108 family members who cared for home care clients with indwelling catheters. Data were collected by home care nurses in nine hospitals in Pusan, who directly interviewed with them through questionnaires from Sep. 6th to 30th in 2004. The questionnaires for data collection were developed through pre-survey and reference review. The collected data was analyzed by using frequency, percentile, mean, variation, t-test, ANOVA on SPSS 10.1 package. Results : There were characters of home care clients with indwelling catheters: women(67.6%) were more than men; the average age of them was $69.60{\pm}14.99$ years old; neurogenic and cerebrovascular diseases(80.0%) were the most common disease group; 81.5% of them were totally dependent on others in terms of level of activity. Home care clients' families had these characters: women(76.9%) were more than men; the average age was $54.5{\pm}13.70$ years old; 46.3% of them were parents or sons or daughters in terms of relation with patient; tl1e average care period was $39.8{pm}34.20$ months. Level of knowledge about indwelling catheter management of the family members were 69.8% and its mean were $20.24{\pm}4.53$. Educational needs were 90.9% and its mean were $14.55{\pm}3.56$. Educational experience were 53.3% and its mean were $8.53{\pm}4.30$. 'Complications in using an indwelling catheter', 'Symptoms to call for a home care nurse' and 'Method to attach an indwelling catheter' were high ranked in both educational needs and educational experience. 'Anatomy of urinary tract', 'Functions of urinary tract' and 'Catheter placement' were low ranked in both educational needs and educational experience Level of knowledge about indwelling catheter management of the families showed a significant difference according to their age(F=5.35, p=0.01). Educational needs showed a significant difference according to care period(F=3.06, p=0.04). Conclusion: the family members' level of knowledge and educational experience about indwelling catheter management and their educational were not sufficient while their educational needs were high. In other words although the family members were acknowledged education needs, but the care for the patients with indwelling catheter weren't performed well because of their lack of related knowledge. Therefore systematic educational programs about indwelling catheter management for home care clients and their families should be made on the base of this study.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.137-153
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between the homemaker's stress and their home management behavioral patterns in Money and Time focusing on the Morphogenic & Morphostatic. This research aimed to ' 1) Identify the overall tendency of homemaker's stress & home management behavioral patterns 2) Find out if socio-demographic variables(ie. age of homemakers, level of education, duration of marriage, umber of children, homemaker's employment, socioeconomic status) have significant effects on homemaker's stress and their home management behavioral patterns, 3)Identify the correlation between homemakers' stress and home management behavioral patterns. 4) Find out variables which have independently significant effect on home management behavioral patterns. For these purpose, this research conducted a survey by using questionnaire developed by former researchers. The subjects of this study are 500 homemakers living in Kwangju who have at least one child. The data analyzed occording to frequency, percentage, mean , one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test. Pearson's correlation and multiple regression. The main findings are as follows; 1) General tendency of the stress level percepted by the homemakers is relatively low 2) socio-demographic variables have significant effects on the stress of homemakers. Among them only homemaker's age. the number of children and socio-economic status have influe d on the stress of urban homemakers. In each area, there are differences among groups; homemaker's age, durations of marriage, number of children in the area of family; age, number of children, socio-economic status in th area of health; age. durations of marriage. number of children, socio-economic status in the area of finance; socio-economic status in the area of household work. 3) General tendency of homemakers behavioral patterns is some what morphostatic. 4)socio-demographic variables have significant effects on the behavioral patterns of home management, a)Homemaker's age, the level of education, socio-economic status is a variable to have influences on home management behavioral patterns of the Money. b)The age homemakers is a variable to have influences on home management behavioral patterns of the time. c)The age of homemakers, duration of marriage is a variable to have influences on the home management behavioral patters of the resources. 5)There are positive relationship between homemaker's stress and home management behavioral patterns . The higher level of stress , the more morphogenic home management behavioral patterns . 6)Influential variables related to management behavioral patterns are homemaker's age, the level of stress, socio-economic status.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2010

본 논문은 홈 케어를 위해 생체 센서 시스템으로 홈 네트워크 시스템을 구성하여 생체 신호가 전달되도록 생체 신호 알고리즘을 구현하였다. 알고리즘의 구성 조건은 입력함수, 주파수 변화 함수, 변위 점 산출 발생 함수, 위치 변동 축 발생 함수, 축 변화 흔들림 변위(Sway Displacement)의 함수에서 변위치의 최대 값과 최소 값을 기준에 조정할 수 있는 단계로 주파수 변동이 0.01 단위로 변화가 있도록 조정하였다. 산출되는 항목은 맥박(Heart Rate), 체온(Temperature), 체중(Weight) 로 구성되고, 파형으로 신체적 균형정도를 확인하고 건강의 상태를 확인하도록 의미를 부여하였다. 본연구의 결과로 홈 네트워크를 통해 헬스 센터 및 건강관리 중앙 시스템에 단말기를 통해 전송된 알고리즘으로 홈 내 건강 관리시스템이 진행되는 결과를 얻을 수 있고, 다양한 신체적 파라메타를 통한 모니터링 기능을 갖춘 시스템관리가 형성 될 것으로 예상된다.