• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.199-213
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• 1991

The purposes of this study were to: (a) identify the changes in food patterns for last 20 years; (b) analyze the factors affecting on the changes in food patterns; (c) investigate the impact of changes in food patterns on nutritional composition of the diet and diet-related health problems. A questionnaire was developed and mailed to 30 country members of the International Federation for Home Economics(IFHE) regional representatives. The response rate was 60%; simple descriptive and content analyses indicated that the significant differences of food consumption pattern were existed between western and eastern countries. Traditional food consumption patterns were maintained even though each countries' food consumption patterns have been dramatically changed due to the development of food technology and industrialization. The factors most frequently affecting on the changes in food patterns were nutrition and heallth-related educations. The food pattern changes have considerable effect on the nutritional composition of the diet among countries. The major diet-related health problems with nutrient deficiency were reported by underdeveloped countries such as India. In contrast to the above, in the developed countries, the adult disease related to the nutrition have been increased, while the developing countries such as Korea have the problems with nutrient deficiency and adult diseases simultaneously.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.169-181
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• 1993

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of weaning behavior on infants' health status. 294 mothers who had infants, aged 4 to 12 months in Seoul, were selected by cluster sampling and answered by the special questionnaires. Result were as follows : 55.1% of mothers had commenced weaning by 3 months of age. Infants eatten commercial weaning food except for infant eatten only home made weaning food were 88.8%. The case that mothers couldn't make weaning food at the home were 56.6% because they didn't know how to cook of weaning food. Cereals were used frequently as infant foods while meat and fish were lesser used. The higher mother's education level had, the higher nutritional knowledge had. Nutritional knowledge was not influenced on selecting the kinds of weaning food. But the higher nutritional knowledge had, the more desirable weaning behavior mother tended to be had. The more desirable weaning behavior mother had, the more infant's health status tended to be improved. Therefore, for the desirable weaning behaviors of mothers and the improvement of infants' health status, nutritional education program including cook method and development of infant food is need.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.43-51
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• 1988

This study is intended to investigate the demographic characteristics and socio-economic status of students, and to reveal the correlations between food habit and health condition by Todai health Index. The results of this study were summerized as followes: 1) the sex ratio of the subjects was 309 males: 129 females. Mean score of the food habit was 7,56 in males and 8.88 in females. The subjects were included in Fair and Poor group generally. Food habit score of students living their own home were significantly higher generally. Food habit score of students living their own home were significantly higher than those of the others (Lodging & Relatives, Self-Boarding, Dormitory, and so forth). 2) In males and females, mean of height and weight were 171.6cm, 62.1kg and 159.9cm, 50.9kg, respectively. Though there was insignificant difference in the physical index according to food habit score in general, there was a special trend in case of male that the higher food habit score they have, the higher physical index they get. The subjects with low food habit score showed the higher THI point in Life-irregularity, Straight-forwardness, depression and Sufferings than those with high food habit score. The female subjects with high food habit score showed the lower THI point in depression, on the contrary, showed higher in vanity. There was significant correlation between instant food, drinking and smoking and THI point.

• 식품산업과 영양
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.217-228
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• 1990

An ecological study of food and nutrition was conducted among 198 children, 6 to 12 years old, of the Songmyun elementary school and Samsong elementary school, located in remote villages of Chungchun-myun, Goisan-gun, Chung Buk Province between July 11 and 16, 1988. The results were summarized as follows. In regard to frequency of skipping breakfast, 3.3% of subjects skipped every morning; 15% often skipped; and the others never skipped. The most common reason for skipping a meal was lack of appetite. 6.6% of subjects often skipped an evening meal because of delayed meal preparation by a mother who returned home late. The survey found that 5.1% of subjects skipped a lunch at school. The reasons for skipping lunch were the mother’s being too busy to prepare a boxed lunch; a school bag too heavy to carry for a long distance to school; no adequate side-dishes for the boxed lunch. Growth patterns of those children having poor food habits, were reflected in lower figures in arm circumference and weight for height. The percentage of children having meals with their family on weekdays was 84.7% for breakfast; 85.6% for evening meal. About 7% of subjects had many dislikes and 74.1% had some dislikes in what they ate; 18.9% had good food preferences. There was a strong correlation between appetite or food preferences and anthropometric measurements or nutrient intake. Boiled rice was the predominant dietary staple, and principal sources of protein taken by subjects at home were soy beans and soy products. Regarding the boxed lunch prepared at home, most popular was one with only one kind of side-dish, including kimchee. 43.4% of the side-dishes were prepared with vegetables only. As for between meal snacks, milk and milk products, fruits and breads were popular among the subjects. The survey found that the children liked fruits, yogurt, corn, Chajang noodle; in contrast, lowest preference was for soup made with bones, curried meat with rice, and aromatic vegetables. The survey discovered a local dietary characteristics; 46.2% of the children customarily ate frog meat, an unconventional food.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.219-230
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to suggest systematic, efficient, and developmental plans for dietary and nutrition education, through analyzing students' perceptions and utilizations of the $\ulcorner$Food and Nutrition$\lrcorner$ area of Technology Home economics in middle school. This study was conducted using self administered questionnaires on general environmental factors, perceptions, and utilization of the $\ulcorner$Food and Nutrition$\lrcorner$ area. The subjects were 807 middle school students of the seventh, eighth, and ninth grades in Gyeonggi province. Most of the students positively recognized the necessity for the $\ulcorner$Food and Nutrition$\lrcorner$ area in Technology Home economics. However, changes in the interest in $\ulcorner$Food and Nutrition$\lrcorner$ after a lesson were not significant. The utilization of the lesson appeared highest in cases where the teachers' instructing methods went abreast with teaching focused on practice or teaching based on practice and theory and if teachers used various teaching materials. These results suggested that teachers should make efforts to raise the students' interest for the lesson in Technology Home economics. Therefore, the contents of the lesson should complement the learners' demands such that they are useful in real life situations. Also, more positive teaching methods and various media which could satisfy the needs and interests of the students should be developed. In addition, teaching methods should be evaluated for an effective and practical curriculum of $\ulcorner$Food and Nutrition$\lrcorner$ in Home Economics.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to conceptualize the Home Meal Replacement (HMR) in Korea and to gather professionals' opinions of prospect and task for HMR industry in Korea. A total of 67 experts participated in a three round survey by Delphi technique, which was used to integrate and share the each expert's professional idea. According to the result, HMR was translated into 'Gajeongsiksa daeyongsik' in Korean and given definition to 'a meal taken directly or through brief cooking process at home by purchasing ready to eat or ready to end-cook type of food'. As the result of categorizing HMR products of Korean food, 'I. Ready to eat' such as side dishes, kimchi, salad, sandwich, kimbab, and so on and 'II. Ready to heat' such as rice, porridge, retort food (soup, broth, curry, spaghetti, etc.), frozen pizza, grilled food, jabchae, instant soup, and so on were construed in a limited sense of the HMR. In addition, 'III. Ready to end-cook' such as frozen dumpling, frozen pork cutlet, seasoned meat, powder-type soup, and so on as well as these two kinds were interpreted in a broad sense of the HMR. In the prospect of HMR industry in Korea, the Korean HMR industry would develop continuously accompanied by increasing of consumers using HMR products. Introduction and generalization of HMRs would serve the convenience for meal preparation and then influence the change of home meal pattern. Nevertheless, it was concerned about that using HMRs might have limitation on solving the problems of dietary life including irregular meal, skipping a meal, and so on and influence the nutrition imbalance. For the development of HMRs, developing various menu and the packaging materials for HMR products, constructing the thorough sanitary management, and strengthening R & D for the HMR of Korean food were the future tasks in Korean HMR industry.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.31-50
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 2009 개정 가정교과서 '식생활 단원'을 중심으로 타 교과의 교과서와 중복되는 내용을 분석하는 데 있다. 가정교과서의 '식생활 단원'과 타 교과의 교과서 중복 내용 분석을 위하여 과학교과서 I II III, 도덕교과서 I II, 체육교과서, 보건교과서를 대상으로 분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 가정교과의 '식생활 단원'과 중복 내용이 많은 교과는 과학과 보건, 그 다음 체육, 도덕 교과 순이었다. 가정교과는 '청소년의 식생활 문제'와 '균형 잡힌 식생활', '녹색 식생활', '한국형 식생활'에 초점이 맞춰져 청소년들이 당면한 식생활 문제에 대한 이론적 기초와 함께 문제를 해결할 수 있는 방안까지 제시되어 있다. 과학교과서는 '영양소의 역할', '소화 흡수' 등에 관한 과학적 이론과 원리를 중심으로 구성되어 있으며, 체육과 보건교과는 '건강'에 초점을 맞추고 있었다. 도덕교과는 식생활 교육과 관련된 부분에서 '한국인의 정체성'과 '환경'을 중요시 하고 있었다. 가정교과는 식생활에 대한 전반적인 내용을 청소년기의 특성에 맞추어 다루고 있었지만, 타 교과에서는 특정 영역의 내용만 제시하거나 예시적 성격으로 다루고 있었다. 이에 중학교에서의 식생활 교육은 전반적인 내용을 다루고 있는 가정교과를 중심으로 각 교과와의 중복 내용을 고려하고, 개별적 특성을 반영하여 실시한다면 효과적인 교육이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.82-93
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• 1985

An investigation was conducted on Seoulites' meals outside home by age group and sex, and the resultant findings are as follows: 1. To effectively conduct this survey were taken 201 teen males, 242 teen females, 202 young males, 232 young females, 219 men and 195 women. 2. For the kinds of meals they have outside home, breakfast forms 0.7%, lunch 35.7%, supper 22.2%, and snacks 14.4%. 3. Men subjects "lunch out everyday" by 39.9%, young males by 30.7%, and young females by 29%. 4. The reason why they lunch out indicates "convenient" by 37.4%, "carrying a lunch box is inconvenient" by 21.2%, "hard to prepare the lunch box" by 12.9%. 5. Regarding the favorite food taken for lunch, almost all the men prefer Korean food by 73.9% 6. Ra Myun and noodle occupy the highest Percentage of young females by 79.3% ; Chinese food the highest percentage of women by 27.7%, but the lowest percentage come from Japanese food by 1.1%. 7. The preference of kinds of food when having a meal outside home is ascribed to "prefer"by 50~75.7%, the highest percentage of all. 9. The price they pay for lunch outside home amounts to less than 900 wons in teens and young males 1, 000~2, 000 wons in men and women. The price of a meal outside home per capita a day, when taken by family unit, averages to 3, 694 wons. For the number of meals outside home, "more than once a month" forms 41.7%. 9. On the mooted points raised when having a meal outside home, "unsanitary' forms 36.7%, "expensive in prices" 26.1%, "lack of nutritution" 10.6%. 10. Teen males, when viewed from food preference for lunch outside home, take Ra Myun, Ddokbokki, Chinese noodle, while teen females, Ddokbokki, bread, Chinese noodle: young males, Sundubu Baekban, Bibim Bab, Ra Myun, Yokge Jang; young females, Sundubu Baekban, pork cutlet, Bibin Bab: men, Solnone Tang, Daenjang Chikae, Baekban, Kalbi Jongsik Bibim Bab : women, Bulkogi Jongsik, Neang Moyn, and Chinese noodle. 11. When seen from the nutrition of meals taken outside home, the prices of noodle and boiled rice range from 600 to 1, 000 wons, while their energy ranges from 407 to 745 kcal, Protein from 14.2 to 30.3g. On the other hand, the Price of western food averages to 1, 900~2, 500 wons, while its energy ranges from 1, 061 to 1, 129 kcal, proteio from 45.9 to 72.9g. It is revealed that noodle or boiled rice is not nutritious enough to be taken as a meal.s revealed that noodle or boiled rice is not nutritious enough to be taken as a meal.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.359-363
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the association of Japanese schoolchildren's involvement in at-home meal preparation with food intake and cooking skill. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We included 1,207 fifth-grade children aged 10-11 years and one parent of each child. A cross-sectional survey was used to collect data on involvement in at-home meal preparation. Correspondence analysis was used to classify involvement in at-home meal preparation into three groups: food-related activities (cooking only or with other activities such as shopping, table-setting, clean up, and dishwashing), non-food-related activities (table-setting and/or clean up), and no (helping) activities. Food intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were used to examine involvement in at-home meal preparation associations. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 1,207 fifth-grade children. Vegetable intake was lower in the no (helping) activities group than the food-related activities group (95% CI; boys: 1.2, 5.1, girls: 2.0, 8.9). Fewer children in the non-food-related activities group reported they were able to make a portion of their meals compared with the food-related activities group (95% CI; boys: 1.6, 3.5; girls: 1.5, 3.2). CONCLUSIONS: Children in the food-related activities group showed more favorable food intake and cooking skills than children in the no (helping) activities or non-food-related activities group.