• 전산구조공학
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.95-103
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• 1994

원자력발전소 부품중 안전과 관련된 구조물은 지진하중하에서 그 건전성을 유지하도록 설계되어야 한다. 그중 원자로내부구조물부품은 1차 내진분류에 속하는 것으로써 지진하중하에서의 건전성이 발전소 안전과 경제적인 관점에서 매우 중요하다. 지금까지 이러한 원자로내부구조물의 모델링에 대해서는 여러 사람들에 의해 연구되고 발표되었으나, 본 논문에서는 국내 발전소 중에서 Turn-jey base로 건설되어 이미 가동 중에 있는 영광 1&2호기의 원자로내부구조물에 대한 안전정지지진하의 거동을 Global Beam Model이라는 단순화된 모델을 이용하여 분석하였다. 이 모델의 설정을 위해서 주요부품들을 double pendulum의 보요소로 표현하였고, 이들 주요부품들의 특성해석을 범용유한 요소해석 코드인 ANSYS에 의해 구하여 이를 상부 및 하부에서 간격을 갖는 비선형 스프링으로 모델링하였다. 또한 이 비선형 스프링뿐만아니라 원자로용기와 원자로내부구조물부품들 사이의 유체동적현상을 묘사한 유체동력학적 coupling에 의해 pendulum의 보요소를 서로 연결시켜 모델링을 하였다. 가진자료인 안전정지하중은 영광 1&2호기의 원자로용기 지지부에 가해지는 응답스펙트럼을 시간이력함수로 바꾸었으며, 이 모델과 간진 하중을 가지고 비선형해석 code인 KWUSTOSS의 explicit Runge-Kutta-Gills algorithm을 이용하여 적분을 수행하므로써 안전정지지진하의 원자로 내부구조물에 대한 거동을 구하여 이 구조물의 주요부품에 대한 내진검증 및 구조물 내부에 있는 핵연료집합체의 내진 해석을 위한 입력자료를 확보할 수 있었다. 그리고 본 연구에서 사용된 Globa Beam Model의 간편성 및 효율성과 explicit Runge-Kutta-Gills algorithm에 대한 경제성을 확인할 수 있었다.파악되었 다. 그 외에도 '옥외공간이용 편리'(outdoor or recreation convenience)와 ' 이웃만족'(satisfaction with neighbors), 그리고 '주거환경 유형'(building type, building arrangement type)등도 유의한 인과적 관련을 보이므로써, 기존 문헌들이 제시하고 있는 것보다 훨씬 다양한 변수들이 다양한 경로를 통해 거주자 시각만족의 영향인자가 될 수 있는 가능성을 제시하고 있다. 가설 변수의 하나인 '길찾기의 난이 정도'(difficulty of way-finding)와 종 속변수간에 유의한 관련도가 나타나지 않은 이유로 길찾기 변수가 '시각만 족'보다는 거주자의 '안전만족'(safety)과 관련된 변수일 가능성도 아울러 지적되었다. 본 연구의 결과로부터, 주거 계획 및 설계분야 그리고 추후 관 련 연구 분야를 위한 여러 제안들이 제시되었다.에 관한 국가 규격은 국제 규격에서 저술한 바와 같이 특별히 규정된 것이 없고 VDE(Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker: 서독전기기술 협회)와 SAE(Society of Automotive Engi- neers: 자동차 기술자 협회)에서 비교적 활발하고 Jaso(Japanese Automobile Standards Organization: 일본 자동차 표준협회)에서 많이 진행중에 있다. 본 고에서는 자동차의 전자제어에 따른 잡음 발생 요인과 전자파 간섭 관련 자동차 규격과 시험평가 방법에 대해 간단히 소개 하였다.저하에 저해요인으로서가 아니라, 인위적이던 자연적이던 간에 아들만 두면 단산하는 현행의 출산풍토하에서는 남아선호관이 오히려 출산력저하에 결정적으로 작용하고 있다고 하겠다. 태아의 성 판별을 통한 선택적 인공임신중절의 건수는 1990년 한해에

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2007

보리두갈래진딧물 [Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)] 의 발육실험은 $15-32.5^{\circ}C$, 상대습도 $65{\pm}5%$, 광주기 16L:8D 조건에서 조사하였다. 진딧물의 발육 중 약충 사충률은 $15^{\circ}C$에서 $32.5^{\circ}C$까지 조사했을 때, 어린약충기간의 사충률이 대부분을 차지하였고, 온도가 높아지면서 사충률이 점차적으로 감소하였다. 그러나 $30^{\circ}C$부터 다시 증가하여, $32.5^{\circ}C$에서 다른 온도보다 사충률이 높게 나타났다. 진딧물의 전체 약충 발육기간을 보면 $30^{\circ}C$에서 4.9 일로 가장 짧았고 $15^{\circ}C$에서 13.8 일로 가장 길었다. $15^{\circ}C$에서 $30^{\circ}C$까지 온도가 증가함에 따라 발육기간이 짧아지는 경향을 보이지만, $32.5^{\circ}C$부터 다시 발육기간이 6.4 일로 길어졌고, $35^{\circ}C$에서는 모든 약충이 죽어서 발육기간에 포함하지 않았다. 발육영점온도는 $6.8^{\circ}C$이었고, 유효 적산온도는 105.9일도였다. 온도별 발육율은 Sharpe and DeMichele 의 모델을 변형시켜 Schoolfield 등이 제시한 온도별 발육모형에 잘 부합되어 보리두갈래 진딧물의 발육모형을 적용하는데 적합한 것으로 생각한다. 생리적 연령에 따른 발육완성시기를 Weibull function을 이용했을 때 온도별 발육시기의 누적발육률을 비교적 잘 설명하였다.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.271-280
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• 2014

최근에 디지털 유방촬영술(digital mammography, DM)의 해부학적 구조의 겹침 현상과 컴퓨터단층촬영영상(computed tomography, CT)의 높은 환자 선량을 해결하기 위해 디지털 유방단층영상합성장치(digital breast tomosynthesis, DBT)에 대한 연구 개발이 활발하게 수행되고 있다. 하지만 DBT 시스템은 제한된 각도로 영상을 획득하면서 급격한 데이터 결핍으로 인해 다른 층의 간섭으로 인한 인공물(artifacts)이 발생한다. 이를 완화시키기 위해 적절한 필터가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 DBT 시스템에서 FBP 알고리즘을 이용하여 영상재구성 시 발생되는 인공물을 줄이기 위해 적절한 필터조합을 찾는 것이 궁극적인 목적이다. 시뮬레이션과 실제 실험을 통해 동일한 영상 획득조건에서 FBP 알고리즘을 이용해 재구성된 영상을 분석하여 다양한 필터 조합들의 특성을 조사했다. 필터 특성에 대한 평가를 하기 위해 영상 및 프로파일의 분석과 COV (coefficient of variation)를 이용하여 인공물과 잡음에 대한 평가를 하였다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 분광필터(spectral filter)의 파라미터 인자 값들을 조절하여 cut-off frequency를 설정함으로써 고주파 영역에 있는 영상의 잡음을 줄일 수 있었다. DBT 시스템에서 유방팬텀을 재구성한 영상들을 비교했을 때 분광필터의 파라미터 인자를 0.25로 적용한 영상의 결과는 분광필터를 적용하지 않았을 때보다 영상의 잡음을 10%로 감소시킬 수 있었다. 절편두께필터(slice thickness filter)의 파라미터 인자의 값들을 조절하여 정보들의 불균형을 줄임으로써 다른 층의 간섭으로 인한 인공물을 감소시킬 수 있었다. 결론적으로, 본 연구를 통해 FBP 알고리즘으로 재구성했을 때 필터들의 기본 특성을 확인 할 수 있었으며, 적절한 필터 조합이 실제 화질 개선에 기여한 것으로 확인할 수 있었다. 이 연구 결과는 다양한 필터 조합에 따른 잡음과 데이터 결핍에 의한 인공물에 대한 정보를 제공하여 DBT 시스템의 개발 및 임상화적용 연구에 기반이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.51-67
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• 2004

This study analyzed the effects of nutrition technicians' hygiene education on cooking workers' performance of hygiene management in order to ensure the security of school meals. The situation of cooking workers' disposition in subject schools was elementary school(51.1%) and middle school(48.9%) and the type of meals was rural area type(54.2%), urban type(36.5%). and island and isolated area type(9.3%). The methods of meals management were single cooking(88.2%) and joint cooking and management(11.8%). The type of distributing meals was distributing in a dining room(93.5%), in a classroom(3.7%), and in both dining room and classroom(2.8%). Nutrition technicians' employment form included regular(53.5%) and daily(88.2%). Their education was junior college graduate(50.2%), university graduate(44.8%). and graduate school students(5.0%). Cooking workers' employment form included daily(88.2%) and regular (11.1%). suggesting that most were regular. Most cooking workers(77.4%) had at least high school certificate. Regarding the situation of cooking workers' disposition in subject schools, the number of student per one cooking worker was found as 91-120(37.2%), 61-90(22.6%). 60 and under(21.l %). 121-15006.7%). and 151 and over(2.5%). Cooking workers' level of performance of hygiene management was post-working stage(66.37/75 marks), pre-working stage(64.22/75 marks). and working stage(20.34/25 marks), The counting of meals articles in a pre-working stage(20.34/25 marks). temperature and required time in a working stage(18.78/25 marks), and machinery equipment and hygiene in a pre-working stage(21.40/25 marks) showed lowest of performance, which suggest poor service of hygiene. Cooking workers' performance of hygiene management by working stage showed the significant difference with school class(p<.001), type of schools with meals(p<.05). state of cooking workers' employment(p<.001), and cooking worker's disposition(p<.05). A working stage showed the significant difference with type of schools with meals(p<.05). A post-working stage showed the significant difference according to type of schools with meals(p<.05), and the methods of meals management(p<.05), and cooking workers' disposition(p<.05). In the execution of hygiene education, individual hygiene was highest(94.8%), followed by the management of machinery equipment and tools(89.7%), food poisoning and microorganism(94.7%), and the method of food treatment(76.4%). A yearly plan of hygiene education included established(83.9%) and not established(l6.1%). Regular education included not executed(25.1%), 2-3 times a month(l6.1%), and more than 4 a month(4.0%) and occasional education was not executed(57.0%), 1-3 times a month(26.3%), and more than 4 a month(l5.7%). In the methods for hygiene education, oral education(95.7%) was used most, followed by demonstration(10.5%), poster/photo(10.5%), video/slide(3.7%), and computer(3.7%). Frequency of improvement and complement of hygiene education included once a month(56.3%), once a year(20.7%), by quarter(l1.5%), and every six months(1l.5%). Newspaper was used most in materials of hygiene education, followed by internet, TV, nutrition technician's reeducation, information exchange between members, educational office's training, and reference book, and educational office's material. and symposium. Cooking workers' assessment of the effect of hygiene education was conducted through observation(56.8%), check table(l5.2%), question(l4.0%), and examination(14.0%). The reason of cooking workers' low level of performance included habitual custom(53.9%), lack of understanding(20.4%), overwork(l4.6%), and lack of knowledge(l1.l%) and the reason of difficulty in hygiene education included lack of time(55.3%), lack of understanding(27.6%), lack of knowledge and information(8.7%), and lack of budget(48.0%).

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.453-459
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• 2009

본 연구는 치과병원에서 발생하는 진료시(스케일링, 치아절삭) 및 비진료시(기기만 가동) 가동되는 치료기기의 소음이 치과위생사들에게 미치는 영향 정도를 파악하기 위하여 NR 평가방법으로 분석하였으며 치과위생사의 기기소음에 대한 반응을 설문조사를 통하여 조사하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 치과병원 기기의 진료 시 및 비진료 시의 주파수 특성의 경우 고주파로 갈수록 소음도가 높게 나타났으며 발생소음도의 대부분이 고주파 성분(4 KHz이상)에 의하여 영향을 받고 있으며 발생하는 소음레벨 dB(A)의 범위는 67.7~78.3 dB(A)로 치과위생사의 소음피해가 예상되는 수준으로 소음 영향을 최소화하기 위한 대책이 시급하다고 사료된다. 2. 치과병원에서 발생하는 소음에 대한 반응을 조사한 결과 응답자의 57.8%가 "왠지 불안하게 된다"라고 응답하였으며 치과위생사 경력이 5년 이하이고 30세 이하인 경우에는 "왠지 불안하게 된다", 경력이 5년 이상이고 31세 이상인 경우에는 "아무렇지도 않다"라고 응답한 비율이 높게 나타난 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05, p<0.01). 이는 발생소음레벨이 소음이 인체에 미치는 영향에서 "청력손실의 발생 시작" 수준으로 경력과 연령이 많을수록 그만 큼 소음에 만성적으로 노출된 결과로 판단된다. 3. NR곡선에 의한 평가 결과 스케일링 치료를 할 경우 NR-78, 치아 삭제 시 NR-77, 기기만 가동 되는 경우 NR-67로 나타나 작업장의 소음기준을 훨씬 초과하는 수준임을 알 수 있었다. 특히, 스케일링 치료시 소음피해를 최소화하기 위해서 4 kHz이상의 고주파대역을 제어할 수 있는 방음대책을 수립하여 치과 위생사에게 미치는 소음에 대한 영향을 줄일 필요가 있는 것으로 판단된다. 4. 소음으로 인하여 발생되는 제반 문제와 병원환경만족 등의 변수에 대한 상관관계 분석결과 기기에서 발생하는 소음으로 인하여 기분이 거슬리게 되면 환자에게 진료결과를 충분히 설명하지 못하는 경우의 상관계수가 0.677로 유의미한 정적 상관관계(p<0.01), 치과위생사의 "병원환경만족도"와 "환자들로부터 기기소음에 대한 불평을 듣는" 항목에서 -0.595, "기기발생 소음으로 피곤을 느낀다" 항목에서 -0.343으로 유의미한 부정적 상관관계(p<0.01)를 보이고 있었다. 5. 소음에 노출되어 기분 거슬림이나 피곤을 느끼게 되면 진료결과를 충분히 설명하지 못하게 되고 병원이 소란할수록 병원환경만족도가 낮은 것으로 조사되어 치과병원의 기기소음에 대한 적절한 대책 수립이 필요하며 이를 통하여 치과종사자의 쾌적한 근무여건을 제공, 치과병원의 경쟁력 제고 측면에서 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단된다 치과 병원 기기에서 발생하는 소음이 치과위생사들에게 미치는 영향정도를 파악하고자 소음특성을 측정 및 설문 조사를 통하여 분석한 결과 기기발생 소음특성이 치과위생사에게 기분이 거슬리거나 피로를 느끼게 하는 수준이며 이로 인하여 환자들에게 진료결과를 충분히 설명하려는데 지장을 받고 있으며 병원이 시끄럽다고 느낄수록 병원환경만족도가 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 치과위생사에 대한 적절한 방음대책(방음보호구 제공, 저소음 저진동 장비의 선택, 마스킹 효과 등)을 수립하여 쾌적한 근무여건을 제공하므로써 치과위생사들의 병원환경 만족도를 향상시켜 치과의료 서비스의 질 및 경쟁력 향상이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.33-47
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate weight control practices and cardiovascular risk in middle-aged women. 304 middle-aged women were selected as subjects from thirties to fifthies living at J city in Chung-Buk Do. Data were collected using a questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, BP & total cholesterol level in serum from April 1, to June 30, 2003. The results of this study were as follows: The middle-aged woman's age is average $43.95{\pm}7.09yr$ and mean BMI(body mass index) was $23.54{\pm}3.09\;kg/m^2$. Underweight, normal weight, overweight, obese women were 3.0%, 39.5%, 27.9% and 29.6%respectively. Subjects perceived own as 'Slim' 5.9%, 'ordinary' 45.7%, 'Fat' 48.4%. Their weight perception coincide their own actual body weight but as many as 41.8% of overweight and 9.0% of obese perceived themselves as being 'ordinary'. Middle age women with past weight control experience were 55.6%, and only 35.5% was doing weight control at present. Of these subjects, 71.4% reported wanting to lose weight and the primary reason of weight control was to improve their appearance(39.53%). The most frequently reported weight control behavior was 'exercise' followed 'dieting', but 39.6% reported using 'diet food', 12.4% 'behavior modification', 12.4% 'fasting', and 'diet-drug'(3.6%) or 'smoking'(3.6%). Effective weight control methods were thought regular exercise(97.1%) & dieting (79.3%). And behavior modification(71.4%) or diet camp(60%) were effective, too. An average waist circumference was $79.80{\pm}9.47cm$, waist/hip ratio was $86.63{\pm}6.78$, waist/height ratio was $50.43{\pm}6.10$. In the index of abdominal obesity, 79.7 % of middle-aged women was waist/height ratio over 0.46, 65.3% was waist/hip ratio over 0.85, 28.4% was waist circumference over 85cm. There were significant differences in the degree of abdominal obesity according to age and BMI. In the index of cardiovascualr risk, 10.9% of middle aged women was systolic hypertension over 140mmHg, 18.7% was diastolic hypertension over 90mmHg and 10.6% was hypercholesterolemia over 200mg/dl. There was significant difference in systolic hypertension ratio according to age. There was significant difference in diastolic hypertension ratio according to age and obesity. There were significant differences in hypercholesterolemia accorting to obesity. The abdominal obesity indices and the levels of T-cholesterol in the serum, systolic and diastolic BP increased significantly according to age. T-cholesterol in serum was predicted 2.6% by waist/height ratio. And systolic BP was predicted 15.2% by waist/height, add BMI to 16.8%. Subject's diastolic BP was predicted 12.1% by BMI. Therefore waist/height ratio and BMI were significant factors for the predictors of cardiovascular risk. There was significant correlation between index of obesity and cardiovascular risk. T-cholesterol in serum had correlation with waist/eight ratio(r=0.174) and waist circumference(r=0.48). Systolic BP had correlation with waist/height ratio(r=0.387), and BMI(=0.371). diastolic BP correlation had correlation with BMI(r=0.343) and waist/height ratio(r=0.327). In conclusion, The prevalence of obesity was 29.6% in 304 cases, and increased as age after menopause increased. Middle-aged women's weight perception and actual BMI coincide but some of them did not. Trial to reduce weight was attempted. But most of them did not actually. Undesirable weight control method such as using drugs, fasting, smoking was used by some women. It is important to educate about health weight control methods and raise their awareness of exact body figures. High frequency of abdominal obesity in middle-aged women had correlation with hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Abdominal index such as waist/height ratio, waist circumference, waist/hip ratio was used. Women's hypertension, hypercholesterolemia significantly related to body mass index and abdominal obesity.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.269-274
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• 1995

기본 조성 $Mn_{0.631}Zn_{0.316}Fe_{2.053}O_{4}$와 $Mn_{0.584}Zn_{0.312}Fe_{2.104}O_{4}$ 및 $Mn_{0.538}Zn_{0.308}Fe_{2.154}O_{4}$에 입계의 고저항층을 형성하고 소결을 촉진시키기 위해서 0.1 mol%의 $CaCo_{3}$와 입자의 성장을 촉진시키고 높은 투자율을 얻을 목적으로 $V_{2}O_{5}$를 0.04 mol% 첨가하였다. 이들 원료들을 혼합한 후 $950^{\circ}C$에서 3시간 가소 과정을 거친후 ball mill 해서 toroid 시편을 만들고 $1250^{\circ}C$, $1300^{\circ}C$ 및 $1350^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 동안 질소 분위기에서 소결 시켰다. Raw material의 조성비 변화 및 소결 온도 변화에 따른 여러 가지 물리적 특성들을 조사하였다. X-선 회절 분석 결과 이들 시편들이 spinel 구조를 이루고 있음을 확인하였고 SEM 사진으로 측정한 결정 입자의 크기는 $18\;\mu\textrm{m}~23\;\mu\textrm{m}$이었다. 초투자율, 자기 유도는 소결 온도가 $1250^{\circ}C$에서 $1350^{\circ}C$로 증가함에 따라 증가하였고 Q factor와 보자력은 감소하였다. 보자력과 큐리온도는 각각 0.45 Oe 및 $200^{\circ}C$ 근처로 모든 시편들에서 거의 일치하였다. 본 시편의 사용 주파수 범위는 200 kHz~2 MHz로 확인되었으며, 소결 온도 $1300^{\circ}C$와 기본 조성 $Mn_{0.584}Zn_{0.312}Fe_{2.104}O_{4}$에서 다른 시편들 보다 더욱 더 우수한 자기유도값($B_{r},\;B_{m}$)을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.11-24
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• 1976

This study was a part of large scale of a prospective study on attitudes of professional students in medicine, nursing and teaching toward population related issues in Korea. The study was first conducted in May 1974 and then in May 1975 for the 1974 class cohot using a questionaire consisted of attitude scales and other items developed by Lee. The purpose of stuay was twohold, namely, to determine the difference in students among specializations on one hand and between the first and second years in the 1974 class cohot regarding tile subject matter. A one-way analysis of variance was used for attitude scale, and absolute and relative frequency were computed for the analysis of non-attitude scale items by employing Fishers' Ratio and Duncan's multiple range test at 5% level and chi square test at 5% level as significance tests. The hypothesis 'students in health profession are more likely to have positive attitudes toward population related issues progressively as class year advances than students in teaching profession' was tested and the following results were obtained: 1) Nursing students were more likely to display favarable attitudes toward family planning than medical or teaching students although the class cohot showed slightly negative improvement in the second year. Medical and teaching students apperaed to have slightly improved attitudes in the second year. 2) Respondents in general perceived national family planning program as a means of population control and this tendency was more true among nursing students as the class year advances than two other professional groups of students. Students in teaching profession appeared to perceive it more as a means to improve individual family welfare while health students were likely to see as to improve maternal and child health. This tendency was progressively improved as the class year advanced. 3) The majority of students regardless of their respective specializations believed that family planning program should be directed toward the improvement of individual family welfare. No progressive changes in the class cohot were observed. 4) About the plan to use contraceptives in future, no singnificant differences were observes among different specializations nor in different class years. However, the majority was confirmed to have a plan to use contracepives in future. An increasing proportion of the undecided category was observed, as class year advanced among health students. 5) Students in health profession were found to be more favorable about 'more leisure opportunities' as motive for limiting number of children whereas education students indicated the reasons as 'facilitate ambitions' and 'economic base' The progressive changes toward positive direction in both groups were observed as the class years advanced. 6) Attitudes toward induced abortions of the health students were observed to be positively related to class years while an inverse relationship was found in teaching students who showed much less favor in the subject matter than health students. This phenomenon may be due to the different exposure to learning environments unique to respective specializations. 7) Health students were found to have more favorable attitudes toward population education in general than the teaching students. The teaching students appeared to have changed more to the negative direction when they became the second year while no such development was observed in health students. The teaching students seemed to hold a very conservative position with regard to sex education in schools. 8) About the equality of sexes, the nursing group was found to be most favorable while the reverse was true in the teaching group. A change in the negative direction as the class year advanced was found in the teaching group. 9) About questions related to fertility values-the 10 percent of respondents regardless of specialization indicated that they would maintain their single status in future, however no change was observed in the second year. The desired number of children was found to be two by the majority of students in nursing, medicine and teaching in order of high proportion. No changes in a different class year were observed. The childless marriage was seen by nursing students as a problem more than other students, but a slight change in positive direction was found when the nursing students became the second year. In summing, as data supported in the above, students in health profession demonstrated more favorable attitudes toward population related issues than the teaching students and this tendency became more apparent in the second year. It was noticed that health students were more conscious about the health aspect of population and family planning program while the teaching students gave more attention to the socioeconomic aspect. The sex variable seemed to have operated in the item related to the equality of sexes. In conclusion, as data presented in the above, the hypothesis of this study was accepted except in the few items. It should be noted that the limitation of this study is the short duration of the observation in measuring the possible attitude changes. It should include curriculum analysis for the respective specializations in order to indentify the area of curriculum impact on students in future study.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.45-62
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• 2008

본 연구의 목적은 중학교 가정과교사의 교과관련 자기장학에 대한 인식과 활성화를 위한 요구를 알아봄으로써 앞으로의 가정과수업 개선 및 전문성 신장에 도움이 되는 기초 자료를 제시하는데 있다. 본 연구는 설문지법과 면담법을 병행하였으며 설문지는 이메일을 통하여 발송하였고 총 177부가 회수되었다. 회수된 설문지는 SPSS/Win (ver10.1)프로그램을 이용하여 평균, 표준편차, 빈도, 백분율 분석을 시행하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중학교 가정과교사는 학습지도 기술의 향상과 교과내용학적 지식의 폭을 확장시키기 위하여 자기장학이 매우 필요하다고 인식하였다. 둘째, 중학교 가정과교사는 교과와 관련하여 자기장학이 필요한 부분을 가정과 교수-학습 방법과 교과내용학, 가정교육 철학 영역이라 인식하고 있다. 셋째, 중학교 가정과교사는 자기장학의 유형 중 현장견학, 각종 연수 참여, 대중매체의 활용, 연구회 및 모임 참여, 동료 교사와의 정보 공유 등의 순으로 가정교과 수업의 개선 및 전문성 신장에 도움이 될 것이라 인식하고 있었다. 넷째, 중학교 가정과교사는 자기장학의 활성화를 위하여 잡무경감과 시간적 여유, 교사 스스로의 의욕 회복, 물리적 자원의 지원(교실 특별실의 제반 환경 개선 등), 경제적 지원, 다양한 지원 프로그램(연수 및 학회에의 참여 기회 확대, 관련 자료의 데이터베이스 구축 등)에 대한 요구를 많이 하였다. 이와 같이, 중학교 가정과교사의 자기장학에 대한 전반적인 인식은 상당히 높아졌다. 그러나 교과관련 전문성 신장을 위해서는 교사들의 요구가 높은 가정과 교수-학습 방법 영역과 교과내용학 영역뿐만 아니라 가정교육 철학 영역과 가정교육평가 영역에 대한 구체적이고 적극적인 지원도 병행될 필요가 있을 것이다. 또한 가정과교사들은 다양한 교과관련 자료에 빠르고 쉽게 접근할 수 있길 원하고 있으므로 흩어져있는 관련 자료를 좀 더 체계적으로 정리하여 지원하는 것이 시급하다고 사료된다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.24-56
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of socio-demographic, organizational culture, organizational conflict and organizational commitment, and to examine the interrelation of influential factors in the organizational commitment. The data for this study were collected through a self-administrated survey with a structured questionnaire to 1,027 subjects from several medical doctor staff members, nursing staff members, administration staff members, pharmacist, and technical expert of eleven hospitals. The data were collected by self-reporting questionnaire from July 29 to September 7, 2002. In this analysis frequency test, t-test, ANOVA, multiple regression were used. The main results of this research is as following; 1. According to socio-demographic characteristics the respondents' level of the organizational commitment was higher in a administration staff members than others, for males than females, and for employees aged more than forty, as working for longer time, and as higher level of the working position. 2. According to the organizational culture characteristics the progressive culture, affiliative culture, and task-focused culture among many types of organizational culture were moderately and positively correlated with the level of the organizational commitment while the hierarchical culture was negatively correlated. 3. According to the organizational conflict characteristics as the respondents who got less conflict experience in the organization, their level of the organizational commitment was higher. And, technical conflict experiences were expressed greater than hierarchical conflict experiences. 4. According to the job satisfaction characteristics as his or her satisfaction that is about the promotion, working itself, salary, and fellowship in the organizational was higher, the level of the organizational commitment was higher. The most important factor of the satisfactions was the fellowship among the respondents while the level of job satisfaction for the promotion and salary was average. 5. Overall, according to the result of Multiple Regression as older age and longer working hours, the level of the organizational commitment was higher and as a higher level of the satisfaction for the promotion, working itself, salary, and fellowship in the organization, it caused more effective factors for the organizational commitment. 6. According to the result of Multiple Regression for the doctor staff members in special hospitals rather than general hospitals the hierarchical culture and task focused culture was positively correlated with the satisfaction of working itself while hierarchical conflict factors in the organizational conflict characteristics was negatively correlated with the organizational commitment. For the nursing staff members the affiliative culture and the job satisfaction for the promotion, working itself, salary, and fellowship were positively correlated with the organizational commitment. For the administration staff members as the job satisfaction for the fellowship was positively correlated with the organizational commitment. For medical and pharmacy staff members as more working experience, correlation with the organizational commitment was positive. Besides, as he or she has a high perception of the affiliative culture, it caused statistically more effective factors for the organizational commitment. For the skill and technicians, male worker expressed greater organizational commitment in the organization than female worker. And also older age along with higher education also showed higher organizational commitment. Moreover, the job satisfaction for the fellowship was positively correlated with the organizational commitment. This study identified the major effective factors of the organizational commitment and analyzed the differences among the job category. In that respect, it is significant for the study to be able to provide a reference for managing hospital of industrial accident and organizational development. However, this study has a problem, which is not to identify a valuable model for examining the relationship between organizational factors such as organizational culture, conflict, satisfaction, and commitment. Therefore, further study is needed and strengthened in the field of organizational commitment for hospital for industrial accident.