• Title/Summary/Keyword: high fat diets

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PRODUCTION RESPONSES OF CROSSBRED HOLSTEIN MILKING COWS FED UREA-TREATED RICE STRAW AT THREE DIFFERENT FIBER LEVELS

  • Promma, S.;Jeenklum, P.;Indratula, T.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.6 no.4
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    • pp.509-514
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    • 1993
  • The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different fiber levels on milk production of crossbred Holstein milking cows fed urea-treated rice straw (UTS) as a roughage. Eight cows were allotted into 2 squares of 4 cows each with 4 treatments by a balanced design. The treatments were 17%, 22%, and 24% crude fiber (CF) diets and Thai feeding system (free choice of roughage and 1 kg of concentrates/2 kg of milk) as a control. Body weight change was not significantly different among the treatments during the experiment. Milk production (4% FCM) and milk protein content wee not different among the treatments, but milk fat content was low in the 17% CF group and high in the control group. Cows fed the 17% CF diet consumed less UTS and more concentrates than the others, and consequently total DM intake was not different among the treatments. The feed conversion ratio was significantly higher in the control. Feed cost per kg milk was lowest in the control and highest in the 17% CF diet. The fiber content of the diet would be more than 17%, preferably 22-24% for normally producing Thai crossbred Holstein cows when the UTS was fed as a main roughage source.

Effect of Methanolic Extract of Pachymeniopsis elliptica on Lipids Component of Hyperlipidemic Rats (해조류 참도박의 메탄올 추출물이 고지방식이 흰쥐의 지질성분에 미치는 영향)

  • 박종철;장영인;도명술;김석환;최종원
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.958-962
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    • 1996
  • Hypolipidemic effect of methanolic extract of marine algae, Pachymeniopsis elliptica was examined in hyperlipidemic rats. Male $Sprague-Dawley(120\pm5g)$ rats were divided into five groups and fed high fat diets for four weeks. Each group was orally administered with methanolic extract of P. elliptica (PEM, 250, 500mg/kg), benzofibrate(BZF, 30mg/kg) and cholestyramine resin(CSR, 100mg/kg) daily for one week. Significant decreases in cholesterol, total lipid and triglyceride of both blood and liver were observed by the administration of the extract. But the levels of LDL- and HDL-cholesterol and the activity of lipase were not changed. Such results suggest that the extract may promote the fecal excretion of bile acid in hyperlipidemic rats.

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Water Extract of Kudzu Root (Pueraria radix) Decreases Apolipoprotein B100 and B48 Production in Vitro

  • Lee, Jeong-Sook
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.353-357
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    • 2002
  • We have previously demonstrated that kudzu root extracts have a hypocholesterolemic effect on rats fed diets high in fat and cholesterol. To further elucidate the mechanism involved, in this study we investigated the effect of water extracts of kudzu root, Pueraria radix, on the production of apolipoprotein B$_{100}$ (APo B$_{100}$) in HepG$_2$ liver cells and secretion of apolipoprotein B$_{48}$ (Apo B$_{48}$) in Caco$_2$ cells. Human cell lines, HepG$_2$ liver cells and Caco$_2$ intestinal epithelial cells, were grown with various concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%) of water extracts of kudzu root in the media. The kudzu root extract decreased Apo B$_{100}$ production and secretion. Treatment of HeP G$_2$ cells with the kudzu root extract also significantly decreased the intracellular total and free cholesterol concentration, and also decreased esterified cholesterol but was only significant at the highest dose of 2%. Apo B$_{48}$ production, but not secretion, from enterocytes was lowered by the kudzu root extracts. This research provided evidence that the hypocholesterolemic properties of kudzu root may be a consequence of decreased production and secretion of Apo B$_{100}$ in the liver and Apo B$_{48}$ in the intestine.

Effect of the Green Seaweed Capsosiphon fulvescens Extract on the Liver Tissue and Fecal Cholesterol Content in Rats (매생이 추출물이 흰주의 간장조직과 분변 중의 콜레스테롤 함량에 미치는 영향)

  • Jung, Eun-Jin;Kim, In-Hye;Hwang, Hye-Jung;Nam, Taek-Jeong
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.41 no.5
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    • pp.330-336
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    • 2008
  • We investigated the effect of a green seaweed Capsosiphon fulvescens extract (CFE) on the serum, liver tissue, and fecal cholesterol levels in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (four weeks old) were given on of three diets for four weeks: basal, high cholesterol, and CFE, The total serum and liver tissue cholesterol levels in the CFE group were significantly decreased compared to those in the cholesterol group. The CFE group showed increased amounts of feces, total fecal bile acid and dietary fiber as compared to basal and cholesterol group. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed fat droplets in the livers of the rats in the cholesterol group; however, a decreased number of droplets was observed in the rats fed the CFE diet. Our results suggest that CFE supplementation may improve lipid metabolism, by controling serum and liver tissue cholesterol levels, and by increasing the total amounts of bile acid, dietary fiber and cholesterol excretion in feces.

The Supplementary Effects of Harvesting Lentinus edodes at Different Times on Treating Blood Pressure and Serum Lipid Levels in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (채취 시기가 다른 표고버섯의 첨가가 SHR 흰쥐의 혈압 및 혈청 지질 수준에 미치는 영향)

  • 이성현;박홍주;조용식;조수묵;김미자
    • The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.65-71
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    • 2004
  • Many studies have shown that Letinus edodes has some effect on reducing blood pressure and lipid levels of animals with high pressure and hyperlipidemia. The cost of Letinus edodes varies depending on when it is harvested, and yet there has been no data collected on the bio-functional effects of Letinus edodes harvested at different times. This study was conducted to investigate the supplementary effects of Letinus edodes harvested at different times on blood pressure and blood lipid levels of hypertensive rats. Three kinds of experimental diets - control (CO), early harvested Lentinus deodes (EL), and late harvested Lentinus edodes (LL) - were supplied to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) for eight weeks. The diet intake, body weight, organ weight, and serum lipid levels were subsequently measured. No significant difference was observed in diet intake and in the respective weights of the body, liver, and epididymal fat pad among experimental groups. The levels of systolic and disastolic blood pressure were significantly lower in the LE and LL groups than those in the CO group; and the concentration of serum total cholesterol was also lower in the LE and LL groups than in the CO group. These results confirm that Lentinus edodes reduces blood pressure levels and serum total cholesterol concentration in spontaneously hypertensive rats. But the effects of Lentinus edodes did not differ significantly based on whether the Lentinus edodes was harvested early or late.

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The Effect of Plantaginis Semen on Serum and Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Fed High and Low Fat Diets (차전자수침액이 흰쥐의 체내 지질대사에 미치는 영향)

  • 조수열;김명주
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.517-522
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    • 1995
  • The present study has been undertaken to investigate the effect of plantaginis semen extract on lipid composition and activities of several enzymes in lard administrated rats. Forth male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain with average weight of 130$\pm$10g were divided into four groups[basal diet(BD)], basal+plantaginis semen(BP), basal+lard(BL) and basal+plantaginis semen+lard(BLP). Lard administrated groups showed increase in weight gain and that of BLP group significantly increased. Feed intake showed no significant differences with lard administration. The weights of liver, kidney and heart of the rat were not affected by plantagins semen and lard administration. Serum and liver triglyceride and cholesterol contents significantly increased compared to BD group but significantly decreased by the addition of plantaginis semen extract(BLP group). Serum and liver phsophlipids decreased in lard administrated group but effectively restored by administration of plantaginis semen extract. HDL-cholesterol content significantly decreased in lard-fed group and somewhat increased in plantaginis semen extract group. Serum aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase activities significantly increased in lard fed group but addition of plntginis semen extract significantly decreased the enzyme activities compared with that of lard administrated group.

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Effect of Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Growth, Lipid Class, and Fatty Acid Composition in Rainbow Trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)

  • Guo, Rui;Jeong, U-Cheol;Kang, Seok-Joong;Choi, Yeung-Jun;Choi, Byeong-Dae
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.125-132
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    • 2008
  • The development of a fish that functionally provides both antioxidant and fat-reducing effects is an important goal in nutrition and aquaculture research. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid(CLA) can be successfully incorporated in fish muscle and viscera, but CLA and carotenoids have not been evaluated in such fish. An 8 weeks growth trial was conducted using rainbow trout, and all fish were fed twice daily with experimental diets containing graded amounts of CLA(1% and 5%). At the end of the experiment, the daily growth index, feed conversion rate, lipid class, and fatty acid composition were determined. Dietary CLA did not enhance the growth parameters of rainbow trout but did improve the feed conversion rate. The muscular polar lipid content decreased during the feeding period, while the content was stable in the viscera. In addition, a diet high in CLA decreased the polyunsaturated fatty acid content, but had no effect on the content of monounsaturated and saturated fatty acid in muscle.

Antigenotoxic Effect of Paecilomyces tenuipes Cultivated on Soybeans in a Rat Model of 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-induced Colon Carcinogenesis

  • Park, Eun-Ju;Jeon, Gyeong-Im;Park, Nam-Sook;Jin, Byung-Rae;Lee, Sang-Mong
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.16 no.6
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    • pp.1064-1068
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    • 2007
  • We evaluated the effect of soybean dongchunghacho [SD, cultivated dongchunghacho fungus (Paecilomyces tenuipes) on soybeans] on dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress in male F344 rats. The animals were divided into 3 groups and fed a casein-based high-fat, low fiber diet without (DMH group) or with 13%(w/w) of soybean (DMH+S group), or SD (DMH+SD group). One week after beginning the diets, rats were treated weekly with DMH (30 mg/kg, s.c.) for 6 weeks; dietary treatments were continued for the entire experiment and endpoints measured at 9 weeks after the first DMH injection. SD supplementation reduced DMH-induced DNA damage in colon cells and reduced plasma lipid peroxidation. Thus, SD may have therapeutic potential for early-stage colon carcinogenesis.

Effect of Dietary Fish Oil on Lipid Content of Plasma and Liver in Rats (식이 중 어유의 섭취가 쥐의 혈액과 조직의 지질함량에 미치는 영향)

  • 남정혜
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.59-69
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    • 1995
  • This study designed to compare the hypolipidemic e(feats of n6 linoleic acid (LA), n3 w-linolenic acid(LL) and n3 eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) In rats fed high fat (40% Cal) diet. Male Sprague-Dawley rats fed experimental diets for 6 weeks, which were different only in fatty acid composition. The dietary fats were beef tallow (BT) as a source of saturated fatty acid (SFA), corn oil(CO) for n6 LA, perilla oil (PO) for n3 a-LL and fish oil (FO) for n3 EPA+DHA. Plasma total cholesterol (T-chol) level was increased by n6 LA but decreased by n3 LL and n3 EPA+DHA and most effectively reduced by n3 EPA+DHA. Plasma triglyceride(TG ) level was reduced by n6 LA, but lipogenesis in liver was not affected by n6 LA. However, plasma TG level was lowered by n3 LL and EPA+DHA. Both lipogenic enzyme activity and liver TG level were also decreased by n3 PUFA. PO and FO groups were significantly higher in the relative Proportions of C20:5 and C22:6 of plasma and liver and lower in those of C20:4/C20:5 ratio. Overall, the lipid-lowering effect was in the order of n3 EPA+DHA >n3 LL > n6 LA and fish oil and perilla oil rich in n3 PUFA may have important nutritional applications in the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia.

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Effect of Dietary Fiber Level on Meat Quality in Colored Broiler (식이섬유 수준이 유색육용계의 육질에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Mi-Suk;Moon, Yoon-Hee;Lim, Sabina;Kim, Dae-Jin
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.329-335
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    • 1997
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary fiber(DF) levels on the meat quality in colored broiler. Colored broiler were fed on containing corn-soy basal diet(DF 5%) and high level(DF 6,7 and 8%) of dietary fiber diets for 7 weeks. Dietary fiber level of diet was make up by adding some alffalfa meal. Colored broiler meats were stored at 3$\circ$ for 24hr after skaughter, and used to analyze physico-chemical properties. Proximate component, pH, shear force value, myofibril fragmentation index, water holding capacity, cooking loss, protein extractability, fatty acid composition, Hunter's L, a value and palatability of cooked meat were not significantly affected by dietary fiber levels, whereas the Hunter's value of meat was significantly affected bty dietary fiber levels for the final period of feeding. Crude protein content, myofibril fragmentation index, water holding capacity, protein extractability and Hunter's b value of breast meat's were higher than thigh meat's, but crude fat content, pH, shear force value, cooking loss, palmitoleic acid, linolenic acid, and Hunter's a value were lower, regardless of dietary fiber level.

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