• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.939-950
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to estimate the growth promoting effects and improvement of antioxidant activity of the soybean sprouts treated with Chlorella sp. culture solution. The soybean sprout treated with 0.1% and 0.2% Chlorella sp. culture solution was significantly increased the length (more than 43.0%), the thickness (more than 0.5~0.7 mm), fresh weight (more than 2.9~3.7 g) compared to non-treated control in vitro. In organic soybean sprouts farm, the 0.2% chlorella culture solution applied to mass culture of soybean sprout and the fresh weight of soybean sprouts increased by more than 25% and the yield was very high as 598.33% compared to untreated control. In addition of sensory test, there is no fishy odor and better crunchy texture and nutty flavor for the treatment soybean sprouts compared to untreated soybean sprouts. Particularly, free-radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) of the soybean sprouts were significantly increased more than 26.1% and 40.4%, respectively by treated with 0.1% and 0.2% Chlorella culture solution. Consequently, the treatment of chlorella culture solution to grow soybean sprouts is also promoting quality and antioxidant activity as well as promoting the growth of sprouts. Therefore, chlorella is considered to be worth as functional materials for high-quality sprouts grown.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1969

Physiological analysis of swimming in 13 (age:16.3 years, freestyle swimming) and 15 (age:17.2 years, breast stroke swimming) high school boys through oxygen uptake and oxygen debt measurements were performed. The following results were obtained. 1. In freestyle swimming oxygen debt was greater and mechanical efficiency was lower in subjects with less speed. In beginner efficiency was only 1.35%, whereas, in a more skilled subject it ranged to 4.28%. The mean efficiency was 2.59%. 2. In freestyle swimming the speed-oxygen debt curve was convex to the speed axis and the curve shifted to the right the more the speed was greater. 3. Maximal oxygen uptake in breast stroke swimming was 2.51 l/min or 41.8 ml/kin/kg and was 79.3% of treadmill running. Maximal pulmonary ventilation in breast stroke swimming was 73.1 l/min and was 87% of treadmill running. Maximal ventilation equivalent was 2.89 liters. 4. In subjects with greater speed of breast stroke swimming maximal oxygen uptake and mechanical efficiency of swimming were greater. The mechanical efficiency of breast stroke swimming averaged 1.08% $(range:0.51{\sim}1.70%)$. The coefficient of correlation between speed and efficiency was r=.87.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2003

The adventitious root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer is regarded as an efficient alternative to cell culture or hairy root culture for biomass production due to its fast growth and stable metabolite production. To determine optimal culture conditions for the bioreactor culture of ginseng roots, experiments have been conducted on physical and chemical factors such as bioreactor type, dissolved oxygen, gas supply, aeration, medium type, macro- and micro-elements, medium supplement during culture period, sucrose concentration, osmotic agents, medium pH and light. Elicitation is a key step to increase ginsenoside accumulation in the adventitious roots but biomass growth is severely inhibited by elicitor treatment. To obtain high ginsenoside content with avoiding biomass decrease, we applied two-stage bioreactor culture system. Ginseng adventitious roots were cultured for 40 days to maximize biomass increase followed by elicitation for 7 days to enhance ginsenoside accumulation. We also experimented on types and concentrations of jasmonate to determine optimal elicitation methods. In this paper, we discussed several factors affecting the root propagation and ginsenoside accumulation. Based on the results obtained from previous experiments we have established large-scale bioreactor system (1 ton-10 ton) for the efficient production of ginseng adventitious roots and bioactive compounds including ginsenoside. Still, experiments are on going in our laboratory to determine other bioactive compounds having effects on diet, high blood pressure, DPPH elimination and increasing memories.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.796-803
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• 2012

Potential feasibility of nutrients removal and biofuel production with microalgae was evaluated in batch culture. Distribution of microalgae in fresh water including reservoir and river was investigated to search for the species with high content of lipid that could converted into biofuel. Green algae, Chlorella and Scenedesmus sp., these are known as species containing high lipid content for biodiesel production, were observed in both summer and autumn season. However another highly lipid-containing species, botryococcus sp. was not observed in this study. In mixed culture of microalgae using synthesized wastewater medium, green algae were found to be dominant, comparing to other species of diatoms and blue-green algae. And microalgae were also capable of removing nitrogen and phosphorus in batch experiments. During the culture period of 14 days, removal efficiencies of nitrate and phosphorus were 30% and 82%, respectively. Furthermore, content of the intracellular lipid extracted from algae cell was as favorable as 12-30% in the mixed culture where Scenedesmus and Chlorella sp. were dominant. Therefore the mixed culture of microalgae could be applied to biofuel production and tertiary wastewater treatment, even though there are economic barriers to overcome.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.352-366
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual wearing conditions and the preferences of knit wear school uniforms. The subjects were 480 high school girls from 6 high schools placed in Daejeon. The method of study is a survey consisted of actual wearing conditions questionnaires, preferences questionnaires, and demographic attribution. Data was analyzed by frequency, variance, crosstabs, and correlation analysis using SPSS 12.0 program. The results of study are as follows. First, high school girls over 90% wearing knit wear school uniforms were satisfied with current knit wear school uniforms(navy color, V-neck, and wool mixed). Second, high school girls preferred 100% cotton material and black/white/gray color group. The style of knit wear school uniforms was most preferred monochrome cardigan with cable pattern. High school girls wanted to show neat image by knit wear school uniforms and to diversify the style of them. Third, the differences of preferences between groups, they were wearing knit wear school uniforms(A group) or not(B group), were about pattern and improvement. A group preferred school mark pattern, and wanted to improve the quality and after service. B group preferred monochrome cable pattern, and wanted to diversify the style. Both groups wanted to wear knit wear school uniforms because knit wear was 'warm' and 'comfort'. Consequently, knit wear school uniforms will help high school girls express individuality and beauty.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.5-21
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• 1999

Nursing organization culture is common patterns of believing, thinking and behaving resulted from a variety of experiences and interaction nurses in the same setting. This study was performed based on the assumption of existence of different subcultures within meta-culture, to identify the differences of subculture among 5 nursing units and to analyze the relationship between nursing organization culture and organizational commitment In this study, two kinds of instruments were used. One was the instrument of nursing organization culture developed by researcher through literature review and interview with nurses. The other one was Mowday's Organizational Commitment Questionnaire to measure organizational commitment of nurses. Both of them were structured with 5 scale. The answers were analyzed using SPSS program. The results were as follows : The meta-culture of the nursing organization culture was the people stable culture. There were significant differences in people development culture and people stable culture among 5 nursing units and all 5 units had different culture score. Especially, emergency room had strong development culture, and stable culture was dominant in operating room. Other units except emergency room and operating room had high scores in people stable culture than other culture types, but revealed different distribution. There were significant differences of the nursing organizational culture types -people development, task development, people stable, task stable-among 5 units. Four types of nursing organizational culture consisted of competing values in one organization. Nurses's organizational commitments were sign ificantly different among the units. The score per ceived by nurses who work in emergency room, operating room and leu was higher commitment score than that of medical/surgical nursing units Nurse's commitment to nursing organization was also related to total work period as nurse in any setting and work period in this hospital. Organizational commitment was significantly different among the nursing culture types, indicating that the scores of developmental culture were higher than stable culture. In conclusion, there were many different subcultures in nursing organization. In subculture, the organizational commitment was different. Therefore, the change of nursing organization culture or nursing unit culture needs to be considered to hire, give orientation, teach. and reallocate nurses efficiently. Research on nursing organization culture using both qualitative and quantitative method needs to be further considered. Furthermore, the strategy in nursing organization culture for nursing administrator to manage human resources efficiently and to change nursing unit effectively, needs to be developed.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.416-429
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• 2011

Most of precedent studies related to hip hop culture and fashion, which have been conducted till now were progressed under only theoretical background of hiphop, not the changed status of hiphop currently. Practical studies explaining the status of hip hop in popular culture, especially, the area of popular fashion are insufficient. Therefore, this study was conducted by focusing on cultural characteristics and musical characteristics by the stream of period, for which concept hip hop is accepted to people currently and which effect it makes on the area of fashion. Especially, the study was progressed by dividing periodical background into before and after the 2000s because there was the most noticeable change for the genre of hip hop in that period. Because of the appearance of 'Alternative hip hop' which is a sub-genre of hip hop music, hip hop music was changed to be more popular. Also, hip hop fashion also showed big changes. Hip hop fashion before 2000s had showed poor conditions, resistance, complex and alienation of them by their fashion. On the other hand, hip hop fashion after 2000s also showed popular characteristics because of high-level environment and social status. This study intended to understand and grasp hip hop as a kind of cultural situation coexisted by many-sided characteristics as well as redefine the changed concept and contents of new hip hop currently.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.321-332
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• 2010

Growing interest in the nasal route as a drug delivery system calls for a reliable in vitro model which is crucial for efficiently evaluating drug transport through the nasal cells. Various in vitro cell culture systems has thus been developed to displace the ex vivo excised nasal tissue and in vivo animal models. Due to species difference, results from animal studies are not sufficient for estimating the drug absorption kinetics in humans. However, the difficulty in obtaining reliable human tissue source limits the use of primary culture of human nasal epithelial cells. This shortage of human nasal tissue has therefore prompted studies on the "passage" culture of nasal epithelial cells. A serially passaged primary human nasal epithelial cell monolayer system developed by the air-liquid interface (ALI) culture is known to promote the differentiation of cilia and mucin gene and maintain high TEER values. Recent studies on the in vitro nasal cell culture systems for drug transport studies are reviewed in this article.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.173-183
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• 2015

The study conducted questionnaire analysis on 607 host company employee and 404 subcontractor employee in order to examine the difference in the safety culture cognition of host company and subcontractor. As a result, host company had higher recognition in all safety culture factors compare to that of subcontractor, and there were bigger gap of cognition in the 'cognition in safety status and culture', 'accident and near-miss', 'immediate superior's concentration degree in safety and health' than that of other cognition factors. Furthermore, team leaders showed the highest cognition in both host company and subcontractor, and employees with above 20 year career had the highest cognition in both host company and subcontractor. There is high relationship between host company and subcontractor in the correlations in safety culture cognition factors. Through this study, we identified the difference in the safety culture cognition factor of host company and subcontractor.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.196-209
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• 2021

The origines of the Western roasting culture and East Asian boiling culture were studied and the importance of primitive pottery culture (8000-5000 BCE) in the Korea Strait coastal region was discussed. The primitive pottery culture probably initiated the Jjigae (stew) culture and the production of salt. It can be also postulated that fish fermentation, kimchi fermentation, and cereal alcohol fermentation originated during this period. Soybean culture emerged ca. 2,000 BCE in South Manchuria and the Korean Peninsula. This paper focuses on the role of Korean foodways in the food science and technology development for the sustainable and resilient food systems. We are facing a global food crisis caused by population growth, climate change, and high animal food consumption. Studies on the meat analog and cultured meat are the new trend in Food Science and Technology. The importance of the wisdom learned through the Northeast Asian traditional foods, for example, soybean curd (tofu) and meaty flavor production by fermentation for the research on the novel sustainable and resilient food systems are discussed.