• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.1502-1507
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• 2004

In the 21st century, the traffic culture is changing suddenly with the advent of high-speed train era so called the traffic revolution age. The policy management for inducing the creativity becomes important for research institutes since the research institutes play an important role for the lead and distribution of new technologies. Therefore, the approach strategy of this investigation is based on the viewpoint of the organizational culture for better performance of research and development through stimulating inducements of creativity and active action of members. A questionnaire survey was performed on five research institutes including a professional railway research institute (PRRI) and four industrial research institutes for the current research, and a development plan for organizational culture of a PRRI has been presented based on the comparison study between two different types of research institutes.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.269-272
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• 2013

This study was performed to compare the performance of Sanita-Kun dry medium culture plate with those of traditional culture medium and Petrifilm dry medium culture plate for the enumeration of the mesophilic aerobic bacteria in milk, ice cream, ham, and codfish fillet. Mesophilic aerobic bacteria were comparatively evaluated in milk, ice cream, ham, and codfish fillet using Sanita-Kun aerobic count (SAC), Petrifilm aerobic count (PAC), and traditional plate count agar (PCA) media. According to the results, all methods showed high correlations of 0.989~1.000 and no significant differences were observed for enumerating the mesophilic aerobic bacteria in the tested food products. SAC method was easier to perform and count colonies efficiently as compared to the PCA and PAC methods. Therefore, we concluded that the SAC method offers an acceptable alternative to the PCA and PAC methods for counting the mesophilic aerobic bacteria in milk, ice cream, ham, and codfish fillet products.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.85-92
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• 2022

Known as "The Ninth Form of Art", video game is a form of hypermedia art rising in response to the rapid development of modern technology, with millions of fans worldwide. From the perspective of the game market, those games that have high stickiness and a long operating cycle usually have abundant doujin works. As a spontaneous behavior of the players, doujin culture reflects the players' feelings towards and perception of the games, and it reacts upon the original game while relying on it, exerting a far-reaching influence on the operation of game products. We try to analyze the influences of doujin culture on game operation performance, hoping to provide game operators with some useful ideas.

• 중국학논총
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• no.72
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• pp.179-200
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• 2021

This paper examines the current status of the Korean tea culture industry and explores ways to restore and develop Korean tea culture by referring to the responses of the neighboring countries of China. In order for the Korean tea industry and tea culture to expand, based on a strong tea industry, high-quality tea should be created to satisfy consumers' needs, health, convenience, and reasonable prices, and effective promotion and marketing should be carried out. In addition, it is necessary to reinterpret the traditional tea house and inherit the spirit of tea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.420-425
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• 2006

This study was conducted to produce vinegar using maesil. Acetic acid bacteria was 20 strains isolated from several conventional vinegars. Among the isolates, a strain showed highest acetic acid productivity was selected and identified as Acetobacter sp. SK-7. The optimum medium of acetic acid production by Acetobacter sp. SK-7 was 30% of maesil juice, 4% of ethanol, and 2% of starting acidity and 0.2% of glucose. Optomum condition for the high yield of acetic acid was in the shaking culture at 30$^{\cire}$. The acidity of culture medium was reached to 7.1% after 12 days fermentation. Organic acid was identify 6 kinds containing acetic acid. The total content was 7,068.7 mg% after 12 days and malic acid slowly decreased and acetaic and citirc acid gradationally increased according to fermentation

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.255-268
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• 1995

According to cultural diffusion route, the Korean toilet culture could be classified as southern culture and northern culture, In Cheju Island the toilet is located on the stone fence of swine. The native people of Cheju Island name it as TONGSHI. And Southern culture could be diffused from South Sea to Cheju Island by the sea current. Around Mt.Chiri area, the greater part of traditional toilets are on the upper floor in the barn, and pigs are on the bottom floor under the toilet. This type of toilet would be the northern culture of the toilet, which would be diffused from continent of Asia to Korean Peninsula. Residents of these areas also name this toilet as TONGSHI. The Korean word "TONGSHI" means a toilet on the pig fence. Traditional toilet culture in Korea differs from regions and residents. We can find dry-closets in Seon-am Temple and Song-kawng Temple. This high floor dry-closet type would be effected by Buddhism. In the reclaimed land and islands of west sea we could not find the old traditional toilets.l toilets.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.667-676
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• 2016

The purpose of study was to determine the differences in organizational culture between social enterprises and commercial enterprises and assess the impact on organizational performance in Korea. Main results are as follows. First, Social enterprises employ a lot of low-imcome women and the elderly worker. Second, rational culture is high in profit businesses, but cultural group is high in social enterprises. In commercial enterprise, productivity and efficiency, planning and goal setting, assessing goals and looking for the evaluation of the performance are important. and in social enterprise, affinity and participation, employees individual development and group morale and cohesion, emphasis on mutual cooperation and trust are important. In addition, both social performance and economic performance, social enterprises are higher than in commercial enterprises. Social enterprises are operating transparently based on workers participation and understanding is expected that economic performance is also highly recognized. Third, social performance is higher development and group culture are higher in commercial enterprises, and development, group and hierarchy culture are higher in social enterprises. Economic performance is higher reasonal culture is lower in commercial enterprises, and group culture is higher in social enterprises. Therefore, the social enterprise workers are recognizing social and economic performance are higher than commercial enterprise workers. In short, social enterprises is making discriminatory organizational culture, and this is contributing to achieving organizational performance.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.68-74
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• 2016

Perchlorate (ClO₄⁻) is an emerging pollutant detected in surface water, soil, and groundwater. Previous studies provided experimental evidence of autotrophic ClO₄⁻ removal with elemental sulfur (S⁰) particles and activated sludge, which are inexpensive and easily available, respectively. In addition, ClO₄⁻ removal efficiency was shown to increase when an enrichment culture was used as an inoculum instead of activated sludge. PCR-DGGE was employed in the present study to investigate the microbial community in the enrichment culture that removed ClO₄⁻ autotrophically. Microorganisms in the enrichment culture showed 99.71% or more ClO₄⁻ removal efficiency after a 7-day incubation when the initial concentration was approximately 120 mg ClO₄⁻/l. Genomic DNA was isolated from the enriched culture and its inoculum (activated sludge), and used for PCR-DGGE analysis of 16S rRNA genes. Microbial compositions of the enrichment culture and the activated sludge were different, as determined by their different DGGE profiles. The difference in DGGE banding patterns suggests that environmental conditions of the enrichment culture caused a change in the microbial community composition of the inoculated activated sludge. Dominant DGGE bands in the enrichment culture sample were affiliated with the classes β-Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Spirochaetes. Further investigation is warranted to reveal the metabolic roles of the dominant populations in the ClO₄⁻ degradation process, along with their isolation.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.149-166
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• 2017

The purpose of this study puts stress on effects of job satisfaction and organizational commitment depending on the type of organizational culture of ICT enterprises. This study utilized the 6th Human Capital Corporate Panel(HCCP) data from Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education & Training to analyze the effects of organizational culture in ICT enterprises on the job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The Samples are managers, supervisor, and employees in ICT industries who replied thorough the 6th HCCP. Answers from 875 people, except inappropriate answers, were used to test a hypothesis. In order to do that, reliability analysis and correlation analysis and regression analysis, utilizing the SPSS 24.0 & Amos 18.0, were used to analyze the effects of organizational culture on the job satisfaction and organizational commitment in ICT enterprises. With the purpose of this study, organizational cultures in ICT enterprises have different effects on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The group culture, development culture, rational culture and hierarchy culture have a positive effects on job satisfaction. And the group culture, development culture and rational culture have a positive effects on organizational commitment. Whereas, hierarchy culture have no effects on organizational commitment. Also, job satisfaction have a positive effects on organizational commitment. Among four cultures of ICT enterprises, the importance of group culture should be stressed. According to the result of empirical analysis, group culture has the most positive impact on job satisfaction, contrary to the expectation that development culture might be the one. So far, the group culture, which emphasizes organizational flexibility, integration, trust, teamwork, high participation, royalty and morale, have positive impact on the organizational employees the most.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.369-375
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• 2009

The potential antiviral effects of the culture filtrates (CF) from Serratia marcescens strain Gsm01 against yellow strain of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-Y) were investigated. The culture filtrate of S. marcescens strain Gsm01 applied on Chenopodium amaranticolor showed high inhibitory activity, likewise no necrosis appeared when applied on the tobacco plants 2 days before CMV-Y inoculation. When plants were challenge inoculated with CMV-Y for eighteen days, the disease incidence in plants with culture filtrate of S. marcescens Gsm01 did not exceed 59%, whereas 100% of control plants were severely infected. The results of double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), dot blotting, and western blotting showed that culture filtrate treatment highly affected the accumulation of CMV-Y or its CP protein gene in the treated plant leaves. It was also observed that the culture filtrate had no RNase activity on genomic RNAs of CMV-Y, suggesting that culture filtrate may not contain ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs) or proteins with RNase activity. These data shows that culture filtrate of S. marcescens strain Gsm01 seems to be a promising source of antiviral substance for the practical use.