• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.29-34
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• 2013

Safety requirements for aircraft and system functions include minimum performance constraints for both availability and integrity of the function. These safety requirements should be determined by conducting a safety assessment. The depths and contents of aircraft system safety assessment vary depending on factors such as the complexity of the system, how critical the system is to flight safety, what volume of experience is available on the type of system and the novelty and complexity of the technologies being used. Requirements that are defined to prevent failure conditions or to provide safety related functions should be uniquely identified and traceable through the levels of development. This will ensure visibility of the safety requirements at the software and electronic hardware design level. This paper has prepared to study on promoting the efficiency of establishing hierarchical safety requirements from aircraft level function to item level through system safety processes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.43-51
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• 1983

A small-scale packet switching system is designed in compliance with the CCITT Recommen-dation X.25 Each switching node is controlled by a single microcomputer for all functions including terminal access control, packet-level control and link control. Basic protocol functions are successfdly implemented for the three basic hierarchical Igvels, and their results are discussed in detail.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nurses' mentoring functions and job satisfaction on their turnover intention on the basis of Kram's mentoring phases. Methods: The participants were 286 nurses who were working at tertiary or general hospitals. Data were collected through surveys conducted between February 1 and 27, 2017, analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression with the IBM SPSS 21.0 program. Results: The mean mentoring functions score was 3.64 out of 5 points. Job satisfaction had statistically significant positive correlation with mentoring function (p<.05), while turnover intention showed statistically significant negative correlation with job satisfaction (p<.001). Job satisfaction was the only statistically significant variable affecting turnover intention in all three phases p<.001). Conclusion: Nursing organizations may reduce nurses' turnover intention by increasing job satisfaction, which can be improved by developing and applying a differentiated mentoring program according to the nurses' mentoring phases.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.185-192
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• 1995

A common control model used to implement computer integrated manufacturing(CIM) is based on the hierarchical decomposition of the shop floor activities, in which supervisory controllers are responsible for all the interactions among subordinates. Although the hierarchical control philosophy provides for easy understanding of complex systems, an emerging manufacturing paradigm, agile manufacturing, requires a new control structure necessary to accommodate the rapid development of a shop floor controller. This is what is called CSCW(computer supported cooperative work)-based control or component-based heterarchical control. As computing resources and communication network on the shop floor become increasingly intelligent and powerful, the new control architecture is about to come true in a modern CIM system. In this paper, CSCW-based control is adopted and investigated, in which a controller for a unit of device performs 3 main functions - planning, scheduling and execution. In this paper, attention is paid to a planning function and all the detailed planning activities for CSCW-based shop floor control are identified. Interactions with other functions are also addressed. Generally speaking, planning determines tasks to be scheduled in the future. In other words, planning analyzes process plans and transforms process plans into detailed plans adequate for shop floor control. Planning is also responsible for updating the process plan and identifying/resolving replanning activities whether they come from scheduling or execution.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.1914-1924
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• 2016

In this paper, considering virtualized Evolved Packet Core(vEPC) network for 5G mobile network, we propose architecture for supporting Service Function Chaining(SFC) in 5G mobile network. Using SFC in 5G network, dynamic path configuration and providing network services based on subscriber and traffic information. SFC technology provides logical ordered set of network functions and delivers packet through providing logical path over the physical network. Based on the perspective of 5G core network in distributed manner, we design hierarchical SFC architecture to manage SFC for global path including vEPC and SGi-LAN network, and internal path between virtualized network functions in each cloud. In this paper, we define architecture and call flow for establishing data path using SFC. Finally, we design testbed architecture for real implementation based on open source software.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.193-204
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• 2012

This paper specifies a low-cost global mobility management architecture and protocol procedure called LC-$GM^2$, which is based on Proxy Mobile IPv6. In LC-$GM^2$, mobility management is performed by the network entity. The benefit is the elimination of the wireless link data delivery tunnel overhead between a mobile node and the access router. To compare with the well-known Hierarchical Mobile IPv6 mobility management protocol and GPMIP, the location update, packet delivery, and total cost functions generated by a mobile node during its average domain residence time are formulated for each protocol based on Fluid-flow mobility model. Then, the impacts of various system parameters on the cost functions are analyzed. The analytical results indicate that the proposed global mobility management protocol can guarantee lower total costs.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.488-493
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• 2015

An AddSIM(Adaptive distributed and parallel Simulation environment for Interoperable and reusable Models) is an integrated engagement simulation environment with high-resolution weapon system models for estimation and analysis of their performance and effectiveness. AddSIM can simultaneously handle the continuous dynamical system models based on continuous time, and command, control(C2) and network system models based on a discrete event. To accommodate legacies based on DEVS(Discrete Event System Specification) modeling, DEVS legacies must first be converted into AddSIM models. This paper describes how to implement DEVS models on AddSIM. In this study a method of mapping from hierarchical DEVS models to AddSIM players was developed: The hierarchical DEVS model should be flattened into a one layered model and four DEVS functions of the model, external transition, internal transition, output and time advance, should be mapped into functions of the AddSIM player.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.366-366
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• 2016

Nanoscale observation of attachment systems of animals has revealed various exquisite multiscale architectures for essential functions such as gecko's locomotion, beetles' wing fixation, octopuses' sucking and crawling. In particular, the hierarchical 3-dimensional hexanonal nano-architectures in the tree frog's adhesion is known to have the capability of the enhancement of adhesion forces on the wet or rough surfaces due to the conformal contacts against rough surfaces and water-drainable micro channels. Here, we report that tree frog-inspired patches using unique artificial 3-dimensional hexagonal structures can be exploited to form reversibly enhanced adhesion against various highly curved and rough surfaces in dry and wet condition. To investigate the adhesion effect of micro-channels, we changed the arrangement of microstructure and spacing gaps between micro-channels. In addition, we introduced the 3-dimensional hexagonal hierarchical architectures to artificial patches to enhance to conformal contacts on the various rough surfaces such as skin and organs. Using the robust adhesion properties, we demonstrated the self-drainable and comfortable skin-attachable devices which can measure EKG (electrokardiogramme) for in-vitro diagnostics. As a result, bio-inspired programmable nano-architectures can be applied in versatile devices such as, medical patches, skin-attachable electronics etc., which would shed light on future smart, directional and reversible adhesion systems.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.252-264
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• 1999

The key characteristic of video data is its spatial/temporal relationships. In this paper, we propose an content based video retrieval system based on hierarchical data structure for specifying the temporal semantics of video data. In this system, video data's hierarchical structure temporal relationship, inter video object temporal relationship, and moving video object temporal relationship can be represented. We also implemented these video data's temporal relationship into an object-relational database management system using inheritance, encapsulation function overloading, etc. So more extended and richer temporal functions can be used to support a broad range of temporal queries.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.350-355
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• 2009

Arachidonic acid (AA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that is a normal constituent of membrane lipids in animal cells. In addition to its role as a precursor of prostaglandins, AA itself may play an important role in the regulation of cell function. The effect of AA on functions of granulosa cells was investigated in pre-hierarchical small yellow follicles of laying hens. Immuno-cytochemical staining showed that AA ($10^{-7}-10^{-5}$ M) increased the expression of the extracellular matrix glycoprotein laminin, gap junction connexin 43 and protein kinase C (PKC). Therefore, mediated by the PKC signal pathway, AA may regulate the intercellular communication of granulosa cells and follicular development by increasing the expression of laminin and connexin.