• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.31-48
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• 1998

In this paper, pollen types of plants and Pb, N, P, K, Ca and Na in pallens of trees were investigated to control the air and soil pollutions. Morphological types of about 500 species of plants were identified to make the best use of paleontology, medicine and pharmacy. There were the positive correlations between Pb, N, P, K,Ca and Na contents in pollens and soils, respectively. A heavy metal, Pb, contained in pollens was not absorbed by rats. This fact should be utilized to purify air and soils polluted by Pb. Key words: Pb, Pollen, Pollution, puripication, Control.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2002

중금속 오염토양에 대한 식물학적 복원에 적합한 식물종 탐색을 위하여 수목류 5종, 화훼류 2종 및 잔디를 대상으로 제련소 인근 중금속 오염지 포장에서 3년간 재배하여 연차별로 식물중에 흡수된 중금속 함량을 조사하였다. 식물의 건물중은 양황철, 팽나무, 적단풍, 사철나무, 회양목 순이었고, 연차별 건물중의 증가도 팽나무, 양황철, 적단풍이 높게 나타났다. 식물의 중금속은 지하부가 지상부보다 높은 함량을 보였으며, 식물중 회양목은 뿌리에서 매우 높게 나타났다. 공시식물의 3년차 총 흡수량은 카드뮴이 양황철, 팽나무, 단풍나무, 구리가 팽나무, 양황철, 회양목, 납이 양황철, 팽나무, 단풍나무, 비소가 회양목, 단풍나무, 양황철 순으로 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 식물의 건물중과 중금속 흡수량을 볼 때 양황철, 회양목, 단풍나무 및 팽나무 등이 중금속으로 오염된 토양에 대한 정화 식물로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.324-332
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• 2001

인체의 중금속 노출은 식품이 대부분을 차지하고 있어 세계 어느나라나 인체건강의 유지라는 측면에서 깊은 관심을 쏟고 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내산 식품의 중금속 함량과 식이섭취량에 관련된 연구결과를 총정리하였으며 외국자료와 비교함으로써 중금속의 위해성을 평가하였다. 식품군별(해산어류, 연안패류, 담수어류, 곡류)로 비소, 카드뮴, 수은, 납의 4가지 금속원소의 함량에 대한 연차적 변화추세를 분석한 결과 1970년대보다는 1980년대, 그리고 1990년대로 올수록 중금속의 평균농도는 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 중금속의 국내기준과 비교하였을 때 평균치로는 기준을 초과하는 경우가 없었으나 최고치로는 기준을 초과하는 경우가 드물게 발견되었다. 한국인에 의한 중금속의 식이섭취량 데이터를 요약하면 1980년대보다는 1990년대에 감소하는 경향이 있었다. 중금속 중 As, Hg의 평균섭취량은 PTWI의 6∼8%, Cd, Pb은 50∼80%수준으로 모두 허용량을 밑돌고 있으나 특정식품을 많이 먹는 극단소비량으로 계산한다면 PTWI를 초과할 수 있으므로 심도있는 평가가 요구된다. 한국인에 의한 Cd, Hg, Pb의 식이섭취량은 여러 국가에 대한 GEMS/Food 데이터와 비교시 중위권에 속하는 것으로 나타났다. 식품 중에서 수산물은 Hg, Cd 및 As의 오염이, 일반식품은 Pb의 오염이 우려되고 있으므로 이들 중금속에 대한 법적기준을 설정하여 중금속에 의한 오염 진행상황을 감시해야 될 것이다. 나아가 모든 급원(음식물, 공기, 불, 직업적 노출)으로부터 중금속의 총 노출량을 평가하고 식생활에서의 위해요소를 확인함으로써 식량자원의 안전성을 확보할 수 있게 되기를 바란다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.241-249
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• 1996

To determine the accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in plants and soils of roadsides, the leaf and bark of Ginkgo biloba and Platanus occidentalis, and the soil were sample from Masan-city roadside and Chinhae forest land in July and November, 1994. The content of heavy metals from all the samples in Masan-city area was much higher than that in Chinhae forest land. The amount of heavy metals in soil was higher than those in plant parts of boty trees. The total amount of heavy metals of the bark was higher than the leaf of G. biloba plants. But that of the bark was less than the leaf of P. occidentalis. Heavy metal content in plants (leaf, bark) varied among elements and collections. The concentrations of heavey metals in both trees were in the order of Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd. The concentrations of the four heavy metals in leaf and Zn in soil in G. Biloba were seasonally changed. Whereas those in P. occidentalis were not significantly changed. And there was a high correlation between the concentrations of Pb and Cu in both trees.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the international symposium on the fusion technology
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• pp.515-517
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• 2003

In order to assess the risk of adverse health effects on human exposure to arsenic and heavy metals influenced by past mining activities, environmental geochemical surveys were undertaken in the abandoned metal mine areas (Dongil Au-Ag-Cu-Zn, Okdong Cu-Pb-Zn, Songcheon Au-Ag, Dongjung Au-Ag-Pb-Zn, Dokok Au-Ag-Cu and Hwacheon Au-Ag-Pb-Zn mines). Arsenic and other heavy metals were highly elevated in the tailings from the Dongil, the Songcheon and the Dongjung mines. High concentrations of heavy metals except As were also found in tailings from the Okdong, the Dokok and the Hwacheon mines. These significant concentrations can impact on soils and waters around the tailing dumps. Risk compounds deriving from mine sites either constitute a toxic risk or a carcinogenic risk. The hazard index (H.I.) of As in the Dongil, the Okdong, the Songcheon and the Hwacheon mine areas was higher value more than 1.0. In the Okdong and the Songcheon mine areas, H.I. value of Cd exceeded 1.0. These values of As and Cd were the highest in the Songcheon mine area. Therefore, toxic risks for As and Cd exist via exposure (ingestion) of contaminated soil, groundwater and rice grain in these mine areas. The cancer risk for As in stream or ground water used for drinking water from the Songcheon, the Dongil, the Okdong, the Dongjung and the Hwacheon mine areas was 3E-3, 8E-4, 7E-4, 2E-4 and 1E-4, respectively.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2006

The chemical fractions of heavy metals were investigated in the soils of reclaimed and natural tidelands of southwest coastal area of Korea. The distribution pattern of each heavy metal in different fractions was in the order: 1) Cu : organic bound > organic complex > residual > exchangeable = water soluble. 2) Cr : residual > organic bound > organic complex > water soluble > exchangeable. 3) Pb : organic bound > residual > organic complex > water soluble > exchangeable. 4) Cd residual > organic bound > organic complex > water soluble = exchangeable. 5) Zn : organic bound > residual > organic complex > water soluble > exchangeable. The content of residual Zn showed positive correlation with organic matter content but organic bound Zn showed negative correlation with CEC. The content of residual and exchangeable Cd showed highly positive correlation with organic matter content but residual, organic bound, and exchangeable Cd showed negative correlations with CEC. Water soluble Pb showed positive correlation with CEC but organic bound Pb showed negative correlation with CEC.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2007

중금속으로 오염된 토양을 정화하기 위한 rhizoremediation 기법에서 식물이 중금속을 흡수하고 이동시키는 효율을 증가시키기 위하여 토양 미생물 특히, 근권세균의 역할이 중요하다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 정유공장 주변의 유류 및 중금속으로 장기간 오염된 토양에서 서식하는 4가지 식물의 근권토양으로부터 Methylobacterium sp. SY-NiR1 균주를 분리하였다. 분리한 Methylobacterium sp. SY-NiR1는 분홍색 콜로니 형성, 막대모양 및 $\alpha-proteobacteria$에 속하는 특성으로 보아 pink-pigmented facultative methylotroph인 것으로 사료된다. 이 균주는 식물성호르몬인 indole acetic acid(IAA) 생산능을 가지고 있으며, 카드뮴, 크롬, 구리, 납, 니켈 그리고 아연 등과 같은 다양한 중금속에 대하여 내성을 가지고 있었으며, $EC_{50}$을 기준으로 한 SY-NiR1의 중금속에 대한 내성은 Zn > Ni > Cu > Pb > Cd > Cr 순이다. 따라서 본 연구에서 분리한 Methylobacterium sp. SY-NiR1 균주는 중금속으로 오염된 토양에서 식물의 발아, 생장 및 발달을 도와 식물의 중금속 흡수를 증가시켜 rhizorememdiation 효율을 증가시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.296-305
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• 2021

This work investigated heavy metal pollution in surface sediments of rivers in Busan, Korea. Surface sediments were analyzed in order to conduct contamination assessment of organic matter, nutrients, and heavy metal concentrations. Contamination assessment of heavy metals was conducted using geoaccumulation index (I_geo), pollution load index (PLI), and potential ecological risk index (RI). Accumulation of organic matter and nutrients were affected by water discharged from sewage treatment plant. The concentrations of organic matter and nutrients were found to be greater in points which were close to the sewage treatment plant more than points furthest. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, and Ni were found to be greater in surface sediment more than in the background. The mean concentrations of heavy metals were in the order of Zn (323.5 mg/kg) > Cu (70.5 mg/kg) > Pb (39.8 mg/kg) > Cr (33.4 mg/kg) > Ni (13.5 mg/kg) > As (9.4 mg/kg) > Cd (0.84 mg/kg) > Hg (0.092 mg/kg). The result of geoaccumulation indices indicated that Hg > Cr > Cu > Ni > Zn > As > Pb > Cd were found in order of severe contamination by heavy metals. From PLI and RI analysis, it was evident that the Suyeonggang 2 was the most contaminated river.

• 공업화학
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.536-545
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• 2019

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the adsorptive removal of Pb(II) from an aqueous solution using a mixture of spent coffee grounds and chitosan on beads (CC-beads). Various parameters affecting the adsorption process of Pb(II) using CC-beads were investigated. Based on the experimental data, the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms were analyzed for their adsorption rate, maximum adsorption capacity, adsorption energy and adsorption strength. Moreover, the entropy, enthalpy and free energy were also calculated by thermodynamic analysis. According to the FT-IR analysis, a CC-bead has a very suitable structure for easy heavy metal adsorption. The process of adsorbing Pb(II) using CC-beads was suitable for pseudo-second order kinetic and Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 163.51 (mg/g). The adsorption of Pb(II) using CC-beads was closer to chemical adsorption than physical adsorption. In addition, the adsorption of Pb(II) on CC-beads was exothermic and spontaneous in nature. CC-beads are economical because they are inexpensive and also the waste can be recycled, which is very significant in terms of the continuous circulation of resources. Thus, CC-beads can compete with other adsorbents.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2009

Objective : To compare the contents of heavy metals, residual pesticides and sulfur dioxide before/after a decoction. Methods : The heavy metal contents before/after a decoction were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES) and mercury analyzer. In order to analyze pesticides in 4 samples we used simultaneous multi-residue analysis of pesticides by GC/ECD, which was followed by GC/MSD analysis to confirm the identity of the detected pesticide in each sample. In addition, the contents of sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$) were performed by Monier-Williams distillation method. Results: 1. The mean values of heavy metal contents (mg/kg) for the samples were as follows: Jaeumganghwa-tang (before decoction - Pb; 1.190, Cd; 0.184, As; 0.099 and Hg; 0.028, after decoction - Pb; .033, Cd; 0.003, As; 0.005 and Hg; 0.001), Yukmijiwhang-tang (before decoction - Pb; 0.484, Cd; 0.133, As; 0.053 and Hg; 0.009, after decoction - Pb; 0.065, Cd; 0.008, As; 0.007 and Hg; not detected), Bojungikgi-tang (before decoction - Pb; 0.863, Cd; 0.197, As; below 0.016 and Hg; 0.011, after decoction - Pb; 0.071, Cd; 0.009, As; 0.004 and Hg; 0.001) and Ssangwha-tang (before decoction - Pb; 1.511, Cd; 0.212, As; 0.094 and Hg; 0.016, after decoction - Pb; 0.029, Cd; 0.006, As; 0.005 and Hg; 0.0004). 2. Contents (mg/kg) of sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$) before a decoction in Jaeumganghwa-tang, Yukmijiwhang-tang and Ssangwha-tang exhibited 22.7, 107.3 and 5.5, respectively. However, contents of sulfur dioxide after a decoction in all samples were not detected. 3. Contents (mg/kg) of residual pesticides before/after a decoction in all samples were not detected. Conclusion : These results will be used to establish a criterion of heavy metals, residual pesticides and sulfur dioxide.