• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.374-381
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• 2023

This study develops and evaluates a deep learning model for predicting oxide and nitride layers based on plasma process data. We introduce a novel deep learning-based Varying Coefficient Regressor (VCR) by adapting the VCR, which previously relied on an existing unique function. This model is employed to forecast the oxide and nitride layers within the plasma. Through comparative experiments, the proposed VCR-based model exhibits superior performance compared to Long Short-Term Memory, Random Forest, and other methods, showcasing its excellence in predicting time series data. This study indicates the potential for advancing prediction models through deep learning in the domain of plasma processing and highlights its application prospects in industrial settings.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.50-54
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• 2002

The aim of this work to determine the formation of lactulose during heat treatment process as a contribution to the estabilishment of limits of chemical indicators for different types of heat processed milk and analyze of lactulose for the reconstituted milk added samples. The HTST(75$\^{C}$/15s) and UHT(130$\^{C}$/2∼3s) treatment realized with a pilot plant and heat-treated samples were stroed at 4, 10, 30$\^{C}$ for 4 weeks. Changes in lactulose was evaluated at 7 days intervals. The other heat treatment was sealed in glass tube and heated at 75$\^{C}$ for 10 to 120s and heated at 130$\^{C}$ for 2 to 60s in a thermostatically controlled constant temperature bath of glycerol. The reconstituted milk was made with full fat dry milk that reconstituted with deionized water to 10% total solid, and was added to milk at 10, 20, 30% respectively. The samples processed with a HTST pilot plant showed that lactulose was contained at 1.47∼1.52mg/10()ml and 8.19 ∼8.32mg/100ml for UHT-treated samples. Changes in the lactulose content of heat-treated samples during storage at 4 and 10$\^{C}$ for 4 weeks caused a slight increase, however a noticeable increase was observed at 30$\^{C}$ for 4 week. The glass tube samples showed that high correlations between relative increase in content of lactulose and increasing processing times(75$\^{C}$ : r = 0.986, 130$\^{C}$ : r = 0.987, respectively). Added with reconstituted milk would cause a increase of the lactulose content linear with increasing addition amount(r = 0.982). This results observed for lactulose in commercial milk samples would applied to the detection of chemical changes during heat treatment and illegal use of reconstituted milk.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 1993

Glucosinolates from radish (Wangkwan, Daejangkun, Taebaek, Daebooryeung and No. 364) and its seed (Wangkwan) were identified, and their degradation product by heat treatment was analyzed. The Wangkwan variety contained much more types of glucosinolates than other radish varieties. Total glucosinolate contents of Wangkwan, Daejangkun, Taebaek, Daebooryeung, No. 354 and Wangkwan seed by GC method were 1.25, 1.10, 0.97, 0.96, 0.90 and 2.14 ${\mu}mole/g$, respectively. The indoleacetonitrile contents after 20 minutes' heat treatment at $100^{\circ}C$ from Wangkwan, Daejangkun, Taebaek, Daebooryeung, No. 364 and Wangkwan seed were 0.28, 0.20, 0.23, 0.21, 0.24 and 0.58 ${\mu}mole/g$, respectively. The heat treatment increased the thiocyanate ion contents in radish and its seed, and the contents were maximum at 30 min.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.138-145
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• 2019

In this study, Al-Si-Mg alloys are additively manufactured using a selective laser melting (SLM) process from AlSi10Mg powders prepared from a gas-atomization process. The processing parameters such as laser scan speed and laser power are investigated for 3D printing of Al-Si-Mg alloys. The laser scan speeds vary from 100 to 2000 mm/s at the laser power of 180 and 270 W, respectively, to achieve optimized densification of the Al-Si-Mg alloy. It is observed that the relative density of the Al-Si-Mg alloy reaches a peak value of 99% at 1600 mm/s for 180 W and at 2000 mm/s for 270W. The surface morphologies of the both Al-Si-Mg alloy samples at these conditions show significantly reduced porosities compared to those of other samples. The increase in hardness of as-built Al-Si-Mg alloy with increasing scan speed and laser power is analyzed due to high relative density. Furthermore, it was found that cooling conditions after the heat-treatment for homogenization results in the change of dispersion status of Si phases in the Al-Si matrix but also affects tensile behaviors of Al-Si-Mg alloys. These results indicate that combination between SLM processing parameters and post-heat treatment should be considered a key factor to achieve optimized Al-Si alloy performance.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.588-594
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• 2011

A new manufacturing process is presented for automotive drive plate using a boron-containing carbon steel sheet, which is hot-formed and press quenched. Particular attention was given to the capability of the process in minimizing dimensional change.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2008.12a
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• pp.106.2-106.2
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• 2008

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.202-206
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• 2014

Leaching of MOCVD dust in the LED industry is an essential stage for hydro-metallurgical recovery of pure Ga and In. To recover Ga and In, the leaching behavior of MOCVD scrap of an LED, which contains significant amounts of Ga, In, Al and Fe in various phases, has been investigated. The leaching process must be performed effectively to maximize recovery of Ga and In metals using the most efficient lixiviant. Crystalline structure and metallic composition of the raw MOCVD dust were analyzed prior to digestion. Subsequently, various mineral acids were tested to comprehensively study and optimize the leaching parameters such as acidity, pulp density, temperature and time. The most effective leaching of Ga and In was observed for a boiling 4 M HCl solution vigorously stirred at 400 rpm. Phase transformation of GaN into gallium oxide by heat treatment also improved the leaching efficiency of Ga. Subsequently high purity Ga and In can be recovered by series of hydro processes.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.96-101
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• 2016

The current study was conducted to elucidate the effect of cementite morphology and matrix-ferrite microstructure on sliding wear behavior in spheroidized high carbon (1wt. % C) steel. The high carbon steel was initially heat treated to obtain a full pearlite or a martensite microstructure before the spheroidization. The spheroidizing heat treatment was performed on the full pearlitic steel for 100 hours at 700℃ and tempering was performed on the martensitic steel for 3 hours at 650℃. A spheroidized cementite phase in a ferrite matrix was obtained for both the full pearlite and the martensite microstructures. Sliding wear tests were conducted using a pin-on-disk wear tester with the heat treated steel as the disk specimen. An alumina(Al₂O₃) ball was used as the pin counterpart during the test. After the spheroidizing heat treatment and the tempering, both pearlite and martensite exhibited similar microstructures of spheroidized cementite in a ferrite matrix. The spheroidized pearlite specimens had lower hardness than the tempered martensite; however, the wear resistance of the spheroidized pearlite was superior to that of the tempered martensite.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.67-70
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• 2013

This research study was to develop methods for inhibiting the germination of cotton seeds. Germination rates after heating treatment at $80^{\circ}C$ with 10, 20, 30, 40 min. were 9.3, 9.3, 5.3 and 1.3 percentage, respectively. Heat treatment over $85^{\circ}C$ with 10 min. caused no germination of cotton seeds. Germination was significantly reduced with gamma rays treatment more than 10,000 gy, while the treatment within 2,000-8,000 gy induced less effects. Microwave processing for 30 seconds and 60 seconds inhibit the germination of cotton seed under 8 and 0%, respectively. As a physical treatment, rollmill milling with 1.5, 2, 2.5 mm gap inhibited any germination of cotton seeds. The optimum gap of roll-mill for processing physical cracking was below 51% of the thickness of seed.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.274-280
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• 2008

Platycosides are the saponins in Platycodi Radix and they have several beneficial effects such as antiinflammatory and anti-obesity activities. This study was designed to determine the changes in the saponin composition in Platycodi Radix (platycosides) after being processed under steam and pressure and to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of their extracts. The change of the platycoside compositions was investigated after 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9h heat processing of Platycodi Radices by using HPLC coupled with an evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) system. After heat treatment ($125^{\circ}C$, 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9 h), the contents of several platycosides such as platycoside E, platycodin $D_3$, platycodin D, polygalacin D, and platycodin A decreased as the processing time was longer. While the total contents of the saponins decreased, the contents of deapi-forms of deapiplatycoside E, deapi-platycodin $D_3$, and deapi-platycodin D increased relatively. These results indicate that the linkage between apiose and xylose located at C-28 is labile to heat and pressure. The LPS-induced iNOS inhibitory activities of the samples treated for 1 and 2 hours were enhanced and after then, the activities were reduced. These results suggested that heat treatment of the samples affect the content of the total saponins and the saponin content may be the important criteria representing the anti-inflammatory activity.