• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.321-326
• /
• 2009

The antioxidant effect of $CoQ_{10}$ on N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA)-induced oxidative stress was investigated in mice. Food intake and body weight were similar in both $CoQ_{10}$ and control groups during the 3-week experimental period. NDEA significantly increased the activities of typical marker enzymes of liver function (AST, ALT and ALP) both in control and $CoQ_{10}$ groups. However, the increase of plasma aminotransferase activity was significantly reduced in the $CoQ_{10}$ group. Lipid peroxidation in various tissues, such as heart, lung, liver, kidney, spleen and plasma, was significantly increased by NDEA, but this increase was significantly reduced by 100 mg/kg of $CoQ_{10}$. Superoxide dismutase activity increased significantly upon NDEA-induced oxidative stress in both the control and $CoQ_{10}$ groups with the effect being less in the $CoQ_{10}$ group. Catalase activity decreased significantly in both the control and $CoQ_{10}$ groups treated with NDEA, again with the effect being less in the $CoQ_{10}$ group. The lesser effect on superoxide dismutase and catalase in the NDEA-treated $CoQ_{10}$ group is indicative of the protective effect $CoQ_{10}$. Thus, $CoQ_{10}$ can offer useful protection against NDEA-induced oxidative stress.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.114-121
• /
• 2009

The effect of diet supplemented with red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) leaf on antioxidant status of plasma and tissue was investigated in C57BL/6J mice. The mice were randomly divided into two groups after one-week acclimation, and fed a high fat (20%) and high cholesterol (1%) diet without (control group) or with 8% freeze-dried red beet leaf (RBL group) for 4 weeks. In RBL mice, lipid peroxidation determined as 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS value) was significantly reduced in the plasma and selected organs (liver, heart, and kidney). Levels of antioxidants (glutathione and $\beta$-carotene) and the activities of antioxidant enzyme (glutathione peroxidase) in plasma and liver were considerably increased, suggesting that antioxidant defenses were improved by RBL diet. Comet parameters such as tail DNA (%), tail extent moment, olive tail moment and tail length were significantly reduced by 25.1%, 49.4%, 35.4%, and 23.7%, respectively, in plasma lymphocyte DNA of RBL mice compared with control mice, and indicated the increased resistance of lymphocyte DNA to oxidative damage. In addition, the RBL diet controlled body weight together with a significant reduction of fat pad (retroperitoneal, epididymal, inguinal fat, and total fat). Therefore, the present study suggested that the supplementation of 8% red beet leaf in high fat high cholesterol diet could prevent lipid peroxidation and improve antioxidant defense system in the plasma and tissue of C57BL/6J mice.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 2007

Objectives: Our previous studies have clearly demonstrated that the scavenging activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS), protective effect of lipid peroxidation (LPO), and inhibition of cytochrome P450 isozymes (CYPs) from the Circium japonicum aqua-acupuncture solution (CJAS). But, Circium japonicum water extracted solution (CJWS) was weakly reported in cardiovascular diseases such as oxidative stress-mediated atherosclerosis or its value evaluated. Methods: CJWS was assessed to determine the mechanism of its scavenging activity of ROS and inhibitory effect of CYP 2E1. Results: CJWS exhibited a concentration-dependent scavenger of DPPH and superoxide anions radicals using different assay systems. In addition, CJWS showed dose-dependent free radical scavenging activity, including hydroxyl radicals, peroxynitrite, and nitric oxide. The CJWS was also found to be effective in protecting rat liver homogenate against LPO. Futhermore, the CJWS showed significant inhibition of CYP 2E1 induced by pyrazol in a rat liver microsome. Conclusion : ROS and CYPs may play a role in several diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and heart failure. Our study demonstrated that the CJWS has excellent scavenging activity of ROS. Hence, it is worthwhile to investigate the potential effectiveness of CJWS in preventing oxidative stress-mediated cardiovascular diseases.

• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.367-375
• /
• 2017

Objective: To investigate the effect of Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba, Curcumae Radix, and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus complex extract (ACA) on dyslipidemia-related factor expression and anti-oxidation in HepG2 cells. Method: After treatment with ACA in the HepG2 cells, DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity, ROS production, and glutathione (GSH) production were measured. The free fatty acid, lipid peroxidation (MDA), ACAT1, and HMG-CoA reductase mRNA expression were measured in the HepG2 cells after treatment with ACA. Results: 1. DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging activity increased in an ACA concentration-dependent manner. 2. ACA significantly decreased ROS production in comparison to the control group. 3. ACA significantly increased glutathione production. 4. ACA significantly decreased free fatty acid and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the HepG2 cells. 5. ACA decreased the mRNA expression of ACAT1 and HMG-CoA reductase. Conclusion: These results suggest that Artemisiae Iwayomogii Herba, Curcumae Radix, and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus complex extract (ACA) inhibits dyslipidemia-related factor expression and that it is effective in anti-oxidation. A future in vivo experiment with ACA is needed to investigate the effect on anti-dyslipidemia. It is expected that ACA is effective in anti-dyslipidemia and applied to cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, stroke, etc.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.166-178
• /
• 1991

식이 중에 첨가된 conzyme $Q_{10}$이 ADR을 투여한 횐쥐의 체내 지질과산화대사에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 두가지 실험을 실시하였다. 실험1에서는 basal diet로 적응시킨 후 바로 4주간 실험식이를 공급함과 동시에 ADR을 투여하였으나 실험2에서는 coenzyme $Q_{10}$이 미리 섭취된 상태하에서 지질과산화에 대한 영향을 관찰하고자 basal diet로 적응시킨 다음 4주간 실험식이만을 급여한 후 다시 4주간 실험1과 같은 방법으로 ADR투여와 실험식이 공급을 병행하였다. 실험군은 실험1과 2에서 모두 ADR 2수준 (1.Omg/kg B.W./week. 2.0mg/kg B.W./week)과 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 3수준(무첨 가군, 0.1g/kg diet 및 0.5g/kg diet)에 의한 6개의 실험군과 basal diet만을 공급하는 대조군을 설정하였다. 본 실험에서 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 혈장과 심장 mitochondria내의 과산화지질 함량은 수준별 ADR 투여에 의해 유의적으로 증가되었고 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 첨가에 의하여 이러한 경향은 조절되었다. 실험2에 있어서 심장 mitochondria의 과산화지질 함량은 coenzyme $Q_{10}$의 첨가에 의해 실험1에 비하여 그 감소효과가 더욱 증대되었다. 지질과산화 대사에 관여하는 효소 활성도의 변화를 조사하기 위하여 적혈구와 심장조직내에서의 glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase(SOD)와 catalase 활성도를 측정하였다. 실험1에서 GSH-Px 활성도는 적혈구 내에서는 차이가 없었고 고수준의 ADR을 투여 한 실험군의 심장조직에서만 coenzyme $Q_{10}$에 의해 유의적으로 증가되었으며, SOD 활성도 역시 적혈구에서는 별다른 변화가 관찰되지 않았고 심장조직 내에서 ADR투여로 증가되었으나 coenzyme $Q_{10}$의 급여로 그 활성도가 더욱 유도되었다. Catalase의 활성도는 심장조직 내에서는 변화가 없었고. 적혈구내에서 ADR투여로 그 활성도가 증가되었으나 coenzyme $Q_{10}$의 급여는 그 활성도의 유도효과를 나타내지 못하였다. 실험2의 적혈구내에서는 GSH-Px활성도가 고수준의 ADR의 투여에 의해 유의적으로 감소된 것을 제외하고는 별다른 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 심장조직의 효소활성도에 있어서는 GSH-Px의 경우, 고수준의 coenzyme $Q_{10}$의 급여에 의해 유의적으로 증가 되었으며 SOD활성도는 ADR 투여에 의해 증가되었으나 coenzyme $Q_{10}$의 공급에 의해 더욱 유도되었다. 그러나 catalase 활성도는 모든 처리군들 사이에서 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 미루어보아 ADR투여로 유발되는 심장의 손상은 생체내 지질과산화반응의 유도가 중요한 원인이 되고 이는 coenzyme $Q_{10}$ 급여에 의해 유의적인 억제효과를 나타낼 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한예방의학회 2000년도 제52차 추계학술대회 연제집
• /
• pp.126-127
• /
• 2000

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제44권6호
• /
• pp.465-473
• /
• 2011

Dietary fatty acids are under intense research to identify anti-atherogenic mechanisms, so we investigated green tea powder (GT) as a protector against atherogenesis originating from lipid peroxidation such as 4-hydroxynonemal (4-HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in different dietary fatty acid-treated apo E KO mice. Growth rate and dietary efficiency were lower in apo E KO mice with or without LA compared to wild type. Plasma total cholesterol (TC) and triacylglycerol (TG) did not correspond to values in other tissues, but TG in heart tissue decreased significantly by GT after linoleic acid (LA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was administered. LA induced apoptosis as evidenced by changes in aorta morphology and immunohistochemistry. Lipid peroxides (LPO) was increased in apo E KO mice with or without LA corresponding to the accumulation of 4-HNE or MDA in the proximal aorta above the atria. GT consumption tended to reduce the primary causal mechanism of atherogenic phenomena such as oxidizability in both LA and DHA treated atherogenic mice. A high polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) diet involved the changes on stress-induced apoptotic signaling by increasing caspase 3, cytochrome c, and nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ in the heart tissue, but decreasing the bcl-2 protein. However, GT remarkably reduced the expression of apoptotic signaling, in contrast to the PUFA diet. Therefore, the potential of GT as an anti-atherosclerotic dietary antioxidant was tested in this study.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.819-825
• /
• 2005

항산화물질인 glutathione (${\gamma}$-L-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine) 고함유 효모 Saccharomyces cerevisiae FF-8에서 생산된 glutathione을 함유한 세포 추출액의 항산화 활성을 in vitro 과산화지질 실험계인 DPPH($a,{\;}\acute{a}-diphenyl-\beta-picrylhydrazyl$)법, linoleic acid를 이용한 ferric thiocyanate법과 TBA법 및 microsome 생체막 지질 과산화물 생성정도의 TBARS법으로 측정하였다. YM 최적 배지에서 생산된 glutathione 농도는 $204\mug/ml$로 YM 기본배지에서 생산된 glutathione 농도 $74\mug/ml$보다 2.76배 증가하였다. 본 실험에서는 YM 기본배지와 최적배지에서 S. cerevisiae FF-8이 생산하는 glutathione 함량에 따른 항산화 활성을 비교하였다. DPPH 측정법에서는 짙은 자색의 탈색되는 정도로 나타내는 전자 공여능이 glutathione 함량이 높은 최적 생산배지에서 S. cerevisiae FF-8가 생산하는 glutathione고함유 세포 추출액에서 대조구인 $ 0.05\%BHT $와 비슷한 수준으로 항산화 활성이 높게 나타났다. 각 조직 microsome을 이용한 생체막 지질 과산화 억제정도는 최적 생산배지에서 전체적으로 높게 나타났으며, 간장 $60.98\%$, 신장 $56.43\%$, 심장 $52.91\%$, 뇌 $52.13\%$, 고환$45.57\%$ 및 비장 $42.95\%$순으로 나타났다 Linoleic acid 산화 실험계를 이용한 ferric thiocyanate법에서는 최적 생산배지가 반응 7일째까지 대조구에 비해 강한 항산화 활성을 보였으며, TBA법에서는 반응 5일째까지 최적 생산배지가 YM 배지보다는 높은 항산화 활성을 나타내었다 이상의 결과에서 Saccharomyces cerevisiae FF-8 균주가 glutathione을 생산하는 최적배지 조건에서 생산된 glutathione 고함유 세포 추출액은 in vitro 항산화 실험계인 DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric thiocyanate and TBARS 측정에서 항산화 활성을 나타내는 생리활성 성분을 지닌 것으로 나타나 천연 항산화제로서의 사용 가능성을 시사하였다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.181-200
• /
• 2007

Objevtives & Methods : Effects of cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture at BL18 and LI11 on lipid composition, cytokine level, liver function, anti-oxidative capacity and histological characters were investigated in diet-induced obese rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 400g were divided into 4 groups of control, BL18, LI11 and BL18 plus LI11 pharmacopuncture groups and raised for 4 weeks. Results : 1. Plasma ${\beta}$-lipoprotein, free fatty acids level and TNF-${\alpha}$ levels significantly decreased in the pharmacopuncture groups compared to those of no treatment group. Plasma and liver total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels were also significantly lower than those of no treatment group. There was, however, no difference in TBARS level among pharmacopuncture groups. Liver total cholesterol level of BL18 pharmacopuncture group was lower than those of the other two pharmacopuncture groups. In LDL-cholesterol level, BL18 pharmacopuncture and BL18 plus LI11 pharmacopuncture groups only had significantly lower levels than that of no treatment group. 2. There was no significant difference between cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture groups and no treatment group in IL-6, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartic acid transaminase (AST) levels. 3. Compared with \ those of no treatment group, pharmacopuncture groups had significantly higher levels of HDL-cholesterol, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase activities. There was, however, no significant difference among pharmacopuncture groups. 4. Histological characters of heart, kidney and liver of BL18 pharmacopuncture group were similar to those of normal rats. Conclusions : These results indicate that cultivated wild ginseng pharmacopuncture at BL18 and LI11 may suppress adipose tissue mass and lipid peroxidation and activate antioxidant system.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제19권7호
• /
• pp.983-993
• /
• 2009

홍국균을 홍삼 분말에 접종하여 발효시킨 홍국발효홍삼을 이용하여 알코올 투여 흰쥐의 혈중 지질 농도 및 조직 내 산화 스트레스에 미치는 영향에 대하여 검토하였다. 혈중 총 지질 및 유리지방산 농도는 알코올 대조군(AC)에서 증가가 홍국발효홍삼 투여군(AMFRG)에서 감소경향을 보였으며, 중성지질 농도는 양성 대조군(AS) 및 홍삼 투여군(ARG)에서 유의적으로 감소하였다. 혈청 총 콜레스테롤 농도는 정상 대조군(N C)에 비해 알코올 대조군(AC)에서 유의적으로 증가하였고, 홍국발효홍삼 투여군(AMFRG)에서 알코올 대조군(AC)보다는 낮았지만 통계상의 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 혈중 HDL-cholesterol 농도는 정상 대조군(NC)에 비해 알코올 투여군 모두에서 증가하는 경향을 보였는데, 특히 홍국발효홍삼 투여군 (AMFRG)에서 유의적으로 증가하였다. 동맥경화지수(AI)는 정상 대조군(NC)에 비해 알코올 대조군(AC)에서 증가한 반면 양성 대조군(AS) 및 홍삼 투여군(ARG)에서 감소경향을 보였고, 홍국발효홍삼 투여군(AMFRG)에서 유의적으로 감소하였다. 간장, 심장, 비장, 고환에서 생체막 과산화지질 생성 정도는 정상 대조군(NC)에 비해 알코올 대조군(AC)에서 유의적으로 증가하였고, 이러한 증가는 홍국발효홍삼 투여군(AMFRG)에서 유의적으로 감소하였다. 과산화지질 생성 촉진작용이 있는 비헴철 함량도 알코올 대조군(AC)의 간 조직에서 증가한 반면 홍국발효홍삼 투여군(AMFRG)에서 유의적으로 감소하였고, 간 조직 내 내인성 항산화 물질인 glutathione 농도는 알코올 대조군(AC)에서 유의적으로 감소하였고, 홍국발효홍삼 투여군(AMFRG)에서 유의적으로 증가하여 상호간의 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 이상의 실험결과 홍국발효홍삼은 홍삼과 홍국의 상호작용에 의한 시너지 효과로 알코올 투여 동물실험에서 혈중 지질 개선효과는 물론 조직 내 항산화 활성 증가로 산화스트레스를 경감시키는 효능이 있는 것으로 사료되었다.