• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.395-404
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• 2022

본 연구는 1인 가구 중고령자의 비만 영향요인을 교육 수준에 따라 비교분석함으로써, 노인 비만 예방, 그리고 교육 수준에 따른 차별화된 개입방안을 모색하는 데 목적을 두었다. 국민건강영양조사 20년도 자료를 활용하여 총 400명의 응답자의 자료를 통해 교차분석, 로지스틱 회귀분석 등을 실시하였고, 분석 결과 교육 수준이 낮을 경우 비만에 영향을 줄 수 있는 신체활동에서 취약성이 나타났으며, 교육 수준이 높은 집단에서는 외식과 나트륨 섭취 등의 위험요인 점수가 높음을 확인하였다. 교육 수준 구분을 통해 영향요인을 비교분석한 결과, 교육 수준이 낮은 집단에서는 앉아서 보내는 시간이 위험요인이었고, 교육 수준이 높은 집단에서는 나트륨 섭취가 비만 위험요인인 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해 1인 가구 중고령자들을 대상으로 한 건강한 영양 섭취 및 신체활동 교육을 실시하고, 교육수준에 따라 차별화된 개입 등이 필요함을 논의하였다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.397-405
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• 2022

Objectives: This study examines the effect on the frequency of ramyeon consumption based on who checks nutrition labels and on the levels of sodium-related nutrition knowledge among middle school students in the Incheon area. Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were completed by 359 students (143 males and 216 females) from May to October 2021. General information as well as ramyeon-eating behaviors were surveyed. The frequency of ramyeon consumption was compared depending on who checks nutrition labels and on the amount of sodium-related nutrition knowledge students have. Both 𝛘² tests and t-tests were conducted for categorical and mean comparisons. Results: Regarding the consumption of ramyeon, 46% of the students replied that they eat it alone at home. The criteria for choosing the kind of ramyeon to eat were taste (79.4%), price (9.2%), brand and new products (4.5%), nutrition (2.2%), weight control (2.2%), and other factors (2.5%). When purchasing ramyeon, more students replied that they did not read nutrition labels (66.0%) compared to those who did read labels (34.0%). Answers to questions on sodium-related nutrition earned an average of 6.84 out of nine points (males, 6.72 points, females, 6.91 points, ns). The average frequency of ramyeon consumption was 1.67 times per week (males, 1.66, females, 1.68, ns). The frequency of ramyeon consumption by students who checked nutrition labels was lower than for students who did not check labels (1.44 times per week vs. 1.79 times per week, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Students who checked nutrition labels reported a lower frequency of ramyeon consumption than students who did not check them. Education on checking nutrition labels may reduce the consumption of processed foods such as ramyeon and may lead to making healthy choices when purchasing food.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.725-739
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• 2022

This study conducted with 268 female elderly who visited welfare center and senior citizen center in Changwon city to identify the dietary status according to social frailty stage using nutrition quotient for elderly (NQ-E). As a result of the survey, 75.0% of the elderly had no nutrition education. The elderly in social frailty stage was 43.7%, pre-frail was 35.1%, and robust was 21.2%. The scores of NQ-E (61.65), balance (47.78), moderation (86.18), and dietary behavior (55.23) were within the medium-high grade, while diversity (48.37) was within the medium-low grade. Among the balance factor item, there was a significant difference only in the frequency of fruit intake according to social frailty stage (p<0.05). Among the diversity factor item, there were significant differences in vegetable intake (p<0.05) and the rate of eating alone (p<0.001) according to social frailty stage. Among the dietary behavior factor item, there were significant differences in whether to strive for a healthy diet (p<0.05), exercise time and depression (p<0.001), and subjective recognition rate of health (p<0.01) according to social frailty stage. Based on these results, education focusing on various food intake is needed, and continuous support from the government and local governments is needed to connect the social support network of the elderly and support programs to prevent them from going to social frailty stage.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.483-488
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• 2022

경제활동을 하는 1인가구 중 비정규직 및 20대 청년층의 경우 다른 고용형태 및 다른 연령층과 식생활 행태에 차이가 있는지를 비교하고자 1인가구를 고용형태(비정규직, 정규직, 사업자) 및 연령별(20-59세)로 층화 추출하여 월평균수입 및 외식비용, 식생활 등을 조사하여 분석하였다(총 566명). 20대 1인가구는 타 연령에 비하여 월평균수입(p<0.001) 및 외식비용이 낮고, 식생활에 신경쓰지 않는 비율이 높았다(p<0.01). 집에서 요리는 거의 하지 않고(p<0.05), 식품은 주로 편의점에서 구입하는 비율이 더 높게 나타났으며(p<0.001), 이러한 양상은 비정규직에서도 비슷하게 나타났다(p<0.001). 본 연구는 비정규직 및 20대 청년층의 비율이 높은 1인가구의 특성에 맞는 건강 식생활 환경을 위한 기초자료로 활용 가능할 것이다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.366-378
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to develop a sodium index, which is a tool for estimating and assessing sodium intake easily and quickly, to assist in the prevention of various diseases induced by excess sodium intake in Korean adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The 24-h urine collection and dietary behavior surveys were performed on 640 healthy people in 4 regions of South Korea, and an equation for the estimation of 24-h sodium intake was developed. The validity and reliability of the equation were verified with 200 adults. The sodium index was developed by converting the estimated sodium intake using the equation. Finally, the sodium intake status of 1,600 adults was assessed using the sodium index. RESULTS: The equation included sex, age, body mass index, eating habit and dietary behaviors related to sodium intake. In validity test of the equation, the mean bias between sodium intake using 24-h urine analysis and using the equation from the Bland-Altman plots was -1.5 mg/day. The sensitivity and specificity of the equation for estimation of sodium intake were 80.5% and 64.4%, respectively. In the reliability test of the equation, there was no significant difference between the first and second sodium intakes calculated using the equations, and Spearman's correlation coefficient between the 2 sodium intakes was 0.98. Sodium intake can be assessed as 'very moderate' for 75-100 on the sodium index, 'moderate' for 100-150, 'careful' for less than 75 or 150-200, and 'severe' for 250 or more. When sodium intake was assessed using the sodium index in 1,600 subjects, 54.3% and 24.3% of the subjects were assessed to be in the 'careful' and 'severe' categories, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Using a simple questionnaire, the sodium index can be used to monitor and assess sodium intake status, assisting in nutrition education and counseling in a large population.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.547-559
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• 2023

본 연구는 제15차(2019) 청소년건강행태조사의 원시자료를 활용하여 생물-심리-사회 모델을 바탕으로 우리나라 청소년의 편의식품 섭취 경험의 영향요인을 파악하고자 하였다. 연구 결과 생물학적 요인으로 성별, 학년, 아토피 피부염이 주요 요인으로 분석되었으며, 심리학적 요인으로는 스트레스 인지 수준, 우울감 경험, 자살 생각 여부, 주관적 수면충족, 주관적 건강상태, 신체활동, 현재 흡연과 음주 경험이 영향요인으로 확인되었다. 또한 사회학적 요인으로는 영양 및 식이 교육, 아침식사 여부, 학업 성적, 주관적 경제상태, 동거가족 여부가 청소년의 편의식품 섭취 경험에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 청소년의 건강한 식습관 관리를 위해서는 실효성 있는 영양 및 식이교육 프로그램 제공과 정서적 지지가 필요하며, 가족 구성원을 교육 대상에 포함시키는 등 다각적이고 체계적인 대책마련이 필요하다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.284-296
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare 24-h diet recall (DR) and 24-h urine collection (UC) for estimating sodium and potassium intakes and their ratio (Na/K), identifying factors associated with sodium and potassium intakes and Na/K, and identifying those who were likely to underestimate sodium and potassium intakes by DR. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 640 healthy adults aged 19-69 yrs completed a questionnaire survey, salty taste assessment, anthropometric measurement, two 24-h DRs, and two 24-h UCs. RESULTS: The mean sodium and potassium intakes and Na/K were 3,755 mg/d, 2,737 mg/d, and 1.45 according to DR, and 4,145 mg/d, 2,812 mg/d, and 1.57 according to UC, with percentage differences of -9.4%, -2.7%, and -7.6% in the values between the two methods, respectively. Men, older adults, smokers, obese individuals, those who consumed all the liquid in the soup, and those who were found to be salty in the salty taste assessment consumed significantly more sodium; older adults, the heavy- activity group, and obese individuals consumed more potassium; and men, younger adults, smokers, and obese individuals had a significantly higher Na/K, according to UC. Compared with UC, DR was more likely to underestimate sodium intake in older adults, smokers, obese individuals, those who consumed all the liquid in the soup, and those who consumed eating-out/delivery food at least once a day, and potassium intake in older adults, the heavy-activity group, and obese individuals. CONCLUSIONS: The mean sodium and potassium intakes and Na/K estimated by DR were comparable to those measured by UC. However, the association of sodium and potassium intakes with sociodemographic and health-related factors showed inconsistent results when estimated by DR and UC. Factors influencing the underestimation of sodium intake by DR compared to UC should be further investigated.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2023

Psychogenic dysphagia is a deglutition disorder characterized by a fear of swallowing, with no structural or functional causes. This report presents the case of a young male patient who had severe malnutrition due to psychogenic dysphagia and was provided visual biofeedback using fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). A healthy 25-year-old man presented to our clinic with a complaint of throat discomfort when swallowing that had started 6 months prior. As the symptoms worsened, he became fearful of food spreading to his lungs after swallowing and the development of respiratory difficulties. His food intake gradually decreased, resulting in a weight loss of 20 kg within 2 months. Evaluation of organic and other functional causes of dysphagia was performed, but no abnormalities were detected. The sensation of a lump in his throat, fear of swallowing, and anxiety were transformed into somatic symptoms. The patient was diagnosed with psychogenic dysphagia. After visual biofeedback by a physician who performed FEES, the patient resumed eating normally and increased his food intake. If routine tests do not reveal structural or functional causes of dysphagia, assessment of a psychogenic swallowing disorder should be considered. FEES can help in the diagnosis and management of psychogenic dysphagia.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.487-498
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• 2010

This study was conducted to examine the effect of globalization of Korean food according to well-being value perception and the foreign visitor Korean food experience. An analysis of variance and a linear regression analysis were conducted to analyze the hypotheses. The findings are summarized as follows: (1) The most important quality when eating Korean food was "taste" (37.3%). (2) The most important well-being value recognition items for Korean food were "kimchi" and "bulgogi". "Bibimbap is well-being food" (3.82 points) and "Korean food is healthy because it consists mainly of cereals and vegetables" (3.56 points). (3) The subjects highly recognized the "improvement in service quality of Korean restaurants" (3.59 points) with regard to the importance of a globalization strategy for Korean food. (4) High-intake Korean foods were "bibimbap", "baechookimchi", "galbigui", "pajeon", and "bulgogi", in that order. In contrast, the intake frequency for "songpeon", "sikhei", and "guksu" was very low. (5) The subjects thought that the globalization possibility for Korean food was high, as foreigners ingested a lot of baechookimchi. (6) The most effective well-being value recognition item for globalizing Korean food was "Korean food is nutritious and good for the health" followed by "I have much interest in Korean well-being food". and "Korean food is a well-being food because it contains many fermented and seasonal items", in that order. (7) The most effective food for globalizing Korean food with a high-intake frequency was "baechookimchi", followed by "galbigui", "guksu", and "bibimbap".

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2024

Mercury is a chemical pollutant widely present in the environment. Humans are generally exposed to mercury in the form of organic Hg (methylmercury) through the consumption of seafood. Koreans enjoy eating fish therefore blood mercury concentration is usually higher than in developed countries. By investigating blood mercury concentration according to the frequency of seafood consumption and sociodemographic factors, we aimed to identify recent trends in blood mercury concentration in Korean adults. This study was conducted using KoNEHS cycle 4 (2018~2020) from the National Institute Environmental Research Survey. The geometric mean concentration of blood mercury of the subjects was 2.959 (±1.018) ㎍/L, which was significantly higher in men than in women. It was observed that as the frequency of fish and shellfish consumption increased, the blood mercury concentration increased. In adjusted logistic regression, fish consumption was associated with 36.7% increased risk of blood mercury levels [Odds ratio, 1.367; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.246~1.500], and shellfish consumption was associated with 26.5% increased risk of blood mercury levels [Odds ratio, 1.265; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.134~1.410]. Blood mercury concentration was also found to increase as the socioeconomic level increased. In conclusion, the geometric mean concentration of blood mercury was increased compared to the one in the 3rd KoNEHS (2015~2017) and seafood consumption and socioeconomic level were still significantly associated with increasing blood mercury concentration in Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to encourage healthy seafood consumption habits and conduct continuous monitoring considering various factors to reduce blood mercury levels.