• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.853-862
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• 2010

This study was conducted as a nationwide project in order to obtain data on the content and intake of sodium in school meals. For this purpose, we selected two elementary and two middle schools in Daejeon as well as four elementary schools in the Chungcheong area. We measured the sodium and potassium contents of 842 dishes as well as their intake levels over 154 days. Sodium content was analyzed using an AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrometer). The average meal intakes of second and fifth grade elementary school students were 244 g/meal and 304 g/meal, respectively. The meal intake of middle school students was 401 g/meal. Boys tended to eat slightly more than did girls, and students tended to eat more in the spring than in the summer. The average sodium intake per meal was 642 mg (570 mg by elementary school students, 1068 mg by middle school students), which was 32.1% of the UL (Tolerable Upper Intake Level, 2,000 mg per day) according to the KDRIs (Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans). The sodium intake per meal was not significantly differ between boys and girls or between spring and summer (p>0.05). This study provides fundamental data that can be used to establishment a nutrition policy concerning the adequate content of sodium in school meals.

• 약학회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.348-353
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• 2010

The dissolution test method and an analytical procedure by HPLC were developed and validated for viquidil hydrochloride capsules and alibendol tablets. These drugs were not yet characterized by the dissolution specifications in Korean Pharmaceutical Codex. So, with each reference and test drugs, we did the preliminary and standard experiments based on the Korean Pharmacopeia Guideline of dissolution testing for solid oral dosage forms. The dissolution test for viquidil hydrochloride capsules was carried out under sink conditions as follows: dissolution medium water, paddle rotation speed 50 rpm and vessel volume 900 ml. More than 90% of its label amount was released within 30 min in this method. Also the dissolution test for alibendol tablets was carried out under sink conditions as follows: dissolution medium water, paddle rotation speed 100 rpm and vessel volume 900 ml. More than 90% of its label amount was released within 45 min in this method. The dissolution samples were analyzed with a precise and accurate HPLC method. The developed dissolution test showed specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy within the acceptable range. The dissolution testing method described above was adequate for the purpose and may be proposed as a pharmacopeial standard to assess the performance of viquidil hydrochloride capsules and alibendol tablets.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.281-291
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• 1996

458 female workers working in the small and medium scaled industries in Inchon area were surveyed to study their general characteristics, health behavior, working and environmental conditions, awareness of exposure at hazardous materials, current health status, and degree of working satisfaction. Self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the female workers with the explanation by trained interviewer on the purpose of survey and the method how to answer. The results were as follows : (1) 75.5% of the respondents are living with their families and others are living in domitary or rent house for herself. Age distribution ranges from teenagers to warren in their forties. In marital status 69.0% of workers are single and 31.0% of them have ever married. 69.4% of workers are high school graduate. The size of factory is 48.3% with less than 300 workers, 42.1% with 300~500 workers. (2) Most of the workers(86.7%) are full time workers, 52% of the respondents have working experiences in other factories. More than 65% have fewer than 5 years working experience. (3) The awareness of exposure at noise was 33% of respondents, it was significantly different by skilled status. The awareness of exposure at dust, other hazardous material was each 13.3%, 12.4% of respondents. (4) 26% of them are unsatisfied with their working cognitions and 43.7% of them are unsatisfied with their welfare in occupational system unsatisfactory rate of promotion is higher in the unmarried workers(45.6%), skilled workers(47.2%), full time workers(47.4%), long term workers(50%), and awareness group of exposure hazardous material(51.3%), compared to married women workers, unskilled workers, part-time workers, short term workers and unawareness group of exposure at hazardous materials. (5) The index of working satisfaction is rated on a scale of 1 to 10 with the higher point indicating higher satisfaction. Among the selected variables, marital status, working status, the awareness of exposure at hazardous materials, were statistically significant with the index of working satisfaction. (6) By multiple regression analysis showed that the determinant factors of index of working condition were health index, the awareness of exposure at dust, the awareness of exposure other hazardous materials, marital status and working period. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between the awareness of exposure at hazardous material the index of working satisfaction. Therefore if the workers are less exposed to the hazardous material and are educated properly they will be more satisfied with their work thus improving their health and productivity. Finally, with the result of this study, there is a great need for the development of a health promotion program and a welfare policy for small-scale factories.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.288-294
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• 2014

국내 유통 중인 돼지고기, 소고기, 닭고기, 넙치 232건의 시료에 대해 벤질페니실린의 잔류량을 조사하기 위해 현행 식품공전상 축 수산물 중 벤질페니실린 분석법에 대한 검증을 실시하고 모니터링을 수행하였다. 그 결과 벤질페니실린에 대한 분석법은 CODEX에서 요구하는 기준에 적합한 정밀성과 정확성을 보였다. 벤질페니실린의 잔류량 모니터링 결과 축산물 193건 중 11건, 수산물 39건 중 2건 총 13건이 검출되었다. 검출된 수준은 축 수산물 12건에서 0.001-0.004 mg/kg으로 잔류허용기준 이하로 검출되었으나, 축산물 중 국내산 돼지고기 1건에서 잔류허용기준을 초과한 0.134 mg/kg 수준으로 검출되어 해당 유관기관에 부적합 통보 및 사후관리를 요청하였다. 따라서 벤질페니실린 등 항생제는 다른 동물용 의약품에 비해 사용빈도가 많은 만큼 지속적으로 잔류모니터링과 관리가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.176-185
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to identify school dieticians' perceptions on the Potentially Hazardous Food (PHF) and the inspection of food safety and sanitation conducted by Provincial Office of Education. Questionnaires were distributed to 400 school dieticians in elementary schools in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, and 217 responses were collected. The majority of respondents (64%) defined PHF as food that easily decays at room temperature and over half of the respondents considered Korean cooked vegetables as a PHF. In addition, 4% of respondents completely excluded PHFs from their menus. Forty five percent of the respondents selected CCP rule 7 (delivery and distribution process) and 34% selected CCP rule 6 as the most difficult of the CCP rules to follow. Also, perceptions concerning food safety inspection and sanitation were not high in terms of validity, objectivity, and reliability among the evaluation criteria. The study results suggest that PHF as well as Potentially Hazardous Menu (PHM) definitions and guidelines should be re-established in consideration of traditional Korean food culture and the preparation of Korean foods.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.74-80
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• 2017

화학물질은 사람에게 편리함을 주지만 적절하게 관리되지 않을 경우 화학물질의 유해 위험성으로 발생하는 피해는 다양하고 크다. 화학물질관리법에서는 유해화학물질의 안전한 관리와 취급시설에 대한 관리체계를 강화하였다. 하지만 최근 4년 동안에 발생한 화학사고를 분석한 결과 취급시설에서 발생한 화학사고는 증가 추세에 있으며, 이에 대한 예방대책이 추가적으로 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 이에 본 연구에서는 유해화학물질의 화학사고를 예방하기 위해서 최근 화학사고 사례연구를 통해 사고원인과 문제점을 분석하고 개선대책을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.277-283
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• 2001

Objectives : To investigate the prevalence of hazardous and harmful alcohol use, which are a subthreshold of alcohol related disorders, Methods : Direct-interview questionnaires to 1,183 rural persons (489 male, 694 female) were conducted in Chungju-city from July 2 to 20, 1998. As a screening instrument, the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) was used. Results : The prevalence of alcohol use was 41.7%. In males, it was 66.3% and in females, it was 24.4%. The mean of the AUDIT score of males and females was 13.2 and 5.6, respectively. As WHO guideline, the prevalence of hazardous alcohol use in males and females was 80.3% and 20.7%, respectively. This suggests that the prevalence of 'hazardous drinking' and 'harmful drinking' was 45.4% and 29.3% for males and 1.2% and 2.4% for females, respectively. Conclusions : This study presented the prevalence of hazardous and harmful drinking of a rural population in Korea and reviewed those health problems. Further evaluation to detect and treat lower alcoholic drinkers is recommended.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.66-73
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to evaluate the recognition and performance rates about the safety rules on hazardous drugs among the selected pharmacists. The 160 pharmacists working in 4 general hospitals and in the other 4 institutions specialized in the oncology division were surveyed through mail. Among the 137 respondents to the survey (response rate 85.6%), 111 pharmacists (81%) had recognized the terms of 'hazardous drugs'. In categories of vaccines and hormones, the degrees of the recognition rate were much lower than the cytotoxic medications. It was surveyed that the degree of recognition and performance of safety rules on injectable drugs were higher than the disposal and noninjectable medications. The higher recognition rate of the safety rules made the higher degree of performance. These results were expected to provide the incentive for guidelines on handling hazardous drugs based on Korean healthcare system.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2006

농업분야에서 FT-NIR은 또 다른 분석기기를 통하여 정량하고자 하는 대상을 분석하여 작성한 data set을 이용하는 계량분석학적 정량분석기술을 통하여 시료 전처리 없이 농산물의 품질관리에 사용하였다. 농약제품은 고분자 부자재와 다양한 제형의 기기분석적 문제점들 때문에 FT-NIR을 이용하는 기기분석적 검토가 거의 이루어지지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 FT-NIR의 spectrum calculator 모듈로부터 계량분석화학적 기술을 이용하여 농약제품분석의 문제점을 해결할 수 있었다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) are difficult to measure, analyze and assess for risk because of low ambient concentrations and varieties. Types of HAPs are Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) and Aldehydes. HAP emissions from vehicles are a contributor to serious adverse health effects in urban areas. In this study, hazardous air pollutant emissions from road transport vehicles by Non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) weight fraction and PAHs emission factors are estimated in 2008. The top-five-most hazardous air pollutant emissions were estimated to toluene 864.3 ton/yr, acrolein 690.6 ton/yr, acetaldehyde 554.5 ton/yr, formaldehyde 498.7 ton/yr, propionaldehyde 421.6 ton/yr in 2008. The results for a cancer and non-cancer risk assessment of HAPs emissions show that the major cancer driver is formaldehyde and the non-cancer driver is acrolein.