• 한국항만학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.75-106
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• 1988

As port transport system consists of subsystems such as navigation system, cargo handling system, storage system, inland transport system, and Management and Information system, the productivity of this system is determined by the minimum level of subsystem. From the viewpoint of elaborating the efficiency of integrated system, it is valuable to determine the optimal level of harbour tug boat which is the most important factor of navigation system. This paper treats the optimal amount of harbour tug boat by simulation, and applied to Pusan port. In the course of simulation, an emperical formula is introduced for determining the Horse Power (HP) of tug boat by the ship's gross tonnage (G/T) refering to the cases of various ports of other countries, that is ; $Y=9.96X^{0.6}+569$. X : The gross tonnage of vessel (G/T). Y : The Horse Power (HP) of tug boat. The results of the simulation are summarized as follows ; 1) In 1987, three or four low-powered harbour tug boats, five mid-powered harbour tug boats and four high-powered harbour tug boats are necessary in the mean level. But, five or seven low-powered harbour tug boats, ten mid-powered harbour tug boats and eight high-powered harbour tug boats are necessary lest delay should occur at all. 2) In 1992, 1lee or four low-powered harbour tug boats, six mid-powered harbour tug boats and seven high-powered harbour tug boats are estimated and be necessary in the mean level.

• 한국해안해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해안해양공학회 2003년도 한국해안해양공학발표논문집
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• pp.1-9
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• 2003

This paper discusses on recent topics on harbour tranquility base on ship motions. Harbour tranquility is mainly discussed only wave height inside a harbour at the first research period. In these twenty years, researches to improve harbour tranquility have been focused on ship motions to reduce mooring troubles facing to open seas. (omitted)

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.459-472
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• 2014

Storm surge height in the coastal area of Jeju Island was examined using the Princeton Ocean Model(POM) with a sigma coordinate system. Amongst the typhoons that had affected to Jeju Island for six years(1987 to 2003), the eight typhoons(Maemi, Rusa, Prapiroon, Olga, Yanni, Janis, Gladys and Thelma) were found to bring relatively huge damage. The storm surge height of these typhoons simulated in Jeju harbour and Seogwipo harbour corresponded relatively well with the observed value. The occurrence time of the storm surge height was different, but mostly, it was a little later than the observed time. Jeju harbour showed a higher storm surge height than Seogwipo harbour, and the storm surge height didn't exceed 1m in both of Jeju harbour and Seogwipo harbour. Maemi out of the eight typhoons showed the maximum storm surge height(77.97 cm) in Jeju harbour, and Janis showed the lowest storm surge height(5.3 cm) in Seogwipo harbour.

• 대한교통학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한교통학회 1993년도 한-중 국제학술회의 발표논문
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• pp.99-105
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• 1993

This Article analyses the present situation of Shanghai Harbour and the Harbour's important role in the development of chinese economy. The article forecasts that the yearly tonnage turnover of the port will reach about 200 million tons in the year of 2000, possibly reach to 270--300 million tons by the end of 2020. it also forecasts that the container handling capacity of the port will be 2 million TEUS in 2000 and 6 million TEUS in 2020 respectively. In order to keep pace with the present situation of opening up and developing Pudong new area, this article suggests that the strategic target of the management and development of Shanghai Harbour should be : grasp the opportunity of opening up and developing Pudong, take the building of the deep-waterway port as the main task, which can accept the third or fourth generation international container ships, bring into full play the traditional advantages the Harbour has, unfold the businesses in other fields, participate in the marketing competition, speed up the development of the Harbour itself, make efferts to build Shanghai Harbour into a port-industry-trade-transportation integral modernized international deep-water key port.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2000

In Pusan Harbour, new port development projects are implemented such as the Extended Terminal adjacent to the Gamman Terminal, Pusan New Port, the Navy $\bigcirc$$\bigcirc$ piers, etc. which will require new marine traffic environments in the Passage I of Pusan Harbour. Specially, the turning basin of the Extended Terminal adjacent to the Gamman Terminal has been designed to overlay the Passage I of Pusan Harbour, which will interrupt the inbound traffic flow and the results will be worried to decrease the efficiency of port operation. Therefore, this paper will be aimed to evaluate the traffic congestion in the Pusan Passage I due to the opening of new ports within Pusan Harbour in 2006 and 2011 by using computer simulation based the queueing theory.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2007

The composition of water-friendly space in the port and harbour developments provides the accessibility to the sea and thus resting & recreational function of the local citizen, which should be treated importantly for the eco-friendly coastal development. However, the high demand on water-friendly space can induce another environmental problem because most port and harbour developments require marine reclamation and the water-friendly space are made up on the reclamation area. The present study analysed the problems and suggested matters to be considered in composing the water-friendly space of port and harbour developments. The study also established the management direction by site characteristics of port and harbour. In addition, we attempt to find a plan to avoid the water-friendly space composition with environmental damage and to secure the environmental and public soundness in site selection, land use and facilities plan based on case studies.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2002

In order to study the change of pollution loads flowing into Mokpo harbour after the operation of Mokpo Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant (MMSTP) and to evaluate the contribution of MMSTP operation to the improvement of marine water quality of Mokpo harbour, the pollution loads flowing into Mokpo harbour from land in dry weather were surveyed and estimated on the bases of the seasonal flow rates and the seasonal water qualities of streams and effluents located around Mokpo harbour from summer, 1997 to spring, 1998 before the operation of MMSTP, and the pollution loads of the inflow and the effluent of MMSTP were also surveyed and estimated from winter, 1998 to spring, 1999 after the operation of MMSTP. The treatment rates of MMSTP were shown to be about 49% in COD, 76% in TSS, 79% in VSS, 3% in T-N, 7% in DIP, 29% in T-P and -32% in DIN. The change rates of pollution loads flowing into the inner harbour of Mokpo due to the operation of MMSTP were shown to be about 56% In COD, 78% in TSS, 84% in VSS, 45% in DIN, 22% in T-N, 34% in T-P and -14% in DIP. The contribution rates of MMSTP operation to the reduction of total pollution loads flowing into the entire Mokpo harbour were found to be about 3% in COD, 3% in 755,5% in VSS,1% in DIP, 3% in T-P and -1% in DIN.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.99-109
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• 1997

The in situ observations and the seawater analyses were conducted in July and August, 1996 for the purpose of describing the characteristics of organic pollution, dissolved oxygen distributions, and the evaluation of water quality in Mokpo harbour. The vertical density distribution of water column was found to be in stable structure with higher water temperature and lower salinity on surface layer at ebb tide in summer. In July, dissolved oxygen was shown to be oversaturated on surface and bottom layers, while in August, which was shown to be oversaturated on surface layer, and to be unsaturated on bottom layer as 68∼93% of saturation percentage. Dissolved oxygen of bottom layer in August was evaluated to be under the regular grades, based on Korean standards of seawater quality. In view of COD, the seawater quality of Mokpo harbour in summer was evaluated to be deteriorated due to organic wastes and graded to be the third class, and TSS of Mokpo harbour in summer was graded to be the second class, based on Korean standards of seawater quality. In particular, COD of surface layer in August was found to be under the regular grades. It is, therefore, necessary to take measures for the control of pollution loads and the proper management of seawater quality in Mokpo harbour. The distribution patterns of DO, COD, VSS and Chlorophyll-a on surface layer along the downstream center line from inner harbour to harbour entrance were similar to one another at ebb tide in August.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.70-86
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• 2015

Short crested waves play an important role for planning and design of harbours. In this context a numerical simulation is carried out to evaluate wave tranquility inside a real harbour located in east coast of India. The annual offshore wave climate proximity to harbour site is established using Wave Model (WAM) hindcast wave data. The deep water waves are transformed to harbour front using a Near Shore spectral Wave model (NSW). A directional analysis is carried out to determine the probable incident wave directions towards the harbour. Most critical threshold wave height and wave period is chosen for normal operating conditions using exceedence probability analysis. Irregular random waves from various directions are generated confirming to Pierson Moskowitz spectrum at 20m water depth. Wave incident into inner harbor through harbor entrance is performed using Boussinesq Wave model (BW). Wave disturbance experienced inside the harbour and at various berths are analysed. The paper discusses the progresses took place in short wave modeling and it demonstrates application of wave climate for the evaluation of harbor tranquility using various types of wave models.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.3-15
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• 2001

목포항의 수질과 영양상태의 계절 변화를 구명하고 평가하기 위하여 1996년 8원부터 1999년 8월까지 3년간 현장 관측과 수질 분석을 실시하였다. 첫째, 투명도, 용존무기질소, 인산인 및 클로로필 a와 같은 수질 항목에 대하여 OECD 영양분류기준을 적용한 결과, 목포항 해수의 영양수준은 4계절 내내 중영양 내지 부영양 상태로 평가되었고, 특히 하계에는 부영양 상태로 나타났다. 둘째, 비록 목포항 수질은 화학적 산소요구량에 의하면 해역수질 환경기준의 2급수 내지 3급수로 평가되지만, 부영양화에 의한 오염지수를 산정한 결과에 의하면, 목포항은 수질이 악화되어 4계절 내내 3급수에도 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 부영양도를 산정한 결과, 특히 하계 또는 추계에 목포항에서 적조 발생 잠재력이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 해수중에 존재하는 인에 대한 질소의 평균원자비(N/P)를 살펴보면, 목포항에서 식물플랑크톤의 성장에 대한 제한 영양 인자는 질소라기보다는 인으로 나타났다