• 무역학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.83-111
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• 2021

This paper conducts a Structural Dcomposition Analysis on the structure of factors contributing to the output growth of Korean Maritime and Port Industry during year 2000~ year 2017. Some of results are as follows. The output growth rates of the industry (yearly average 4.3%) was far lower than the average growth rates of Service as well as of Manufacturing Industries (yearly average 9% and 6.8%, respectively) due to the lower output growth of Maritime Industry. Among the growth contributing factors, change in domestic demand for final goods is the first contributing factor, and then change in technology, change in export and import substitution for intermediate goods are followed in order, but import substitution for final goods decreased its output. However, in each respective sub-periods of pre-global financial crisis and post-global financial crisis, change in the export, especially change in the export of Maritime Industry is the dominant determinant of output change in the Maritime and Port Industry in opposite ways. In the periods of the former the increase in the export of Maritime Industry overwhelmingly led the output growth of the Maritime and Port industry, but in the periods of the latter the decrease in its export was the culprit of lower output growth of the industry. On the other hand, among all industries of service and manufacturing sectors, Wholesale and Retail industry is the leading industry in contributing to the output growth of the Maritime and Port Industry, and Transportation Equipment industry is the leading industry among all manufacturing industries.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.480-485
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• 2001

국화과에 속하는 다년생 초본식물의 민들레가 Agrobacteria 에 대한 숙주로서의 가능성을 조사하고 여러 가지 유용한 유전자를 민들레로 도입시키기 위해, 민들레잎 절편을 pBI121으로 형질전환된 Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404와 10분동안 공동배양하여 형질전환시킨 후, 1$\mu$M IAA, 1$\mu$M BA. 50 $\mu$g/ML Km과 100$\mu$g/ML Cb이 함유된 MS 배지에서 약 2주후에 multiple shoot를 유가시켰다. 유기된 shoot로 부터 유식식물체를 얻었으며, 형질전환을 확인하기 위해 GUS활성을 측정한 결과 양성 반응을 보였다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2023년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.687-688
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• 2023

Bone age assessment is a crucial task in pediatric radiology for assessing growth and development in children. In this paper, we explore the potential of Vision Transformer, a state-of-the-art deep learning model, for bone age assessment using X-ray images. We generate heatmap outputs using a pre-trained Vision Transformer model on a publicly available dataset of hand X-ray images and show that the model tends to focus on the overall hand and only the bone part of the image, indicating its potential for accurately identifying the regions of interest for bone age assessment without the need for pre-processing to remove background noise. We also suggest two methods for extracting the region of interest from the heatmap output. Our study suggests that Vision Transformer holds great potential for bone age assessment using X-ray images, as it can provide accurate and interpretable output that may assist radiologists in identifying potential abnormalities or areas of interest in the X-ray image.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.297-303
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• 2018

Seismic behavior of Osmanli and Senyuva stone bridges was addressed in this study. A combination of FEM and DEM was employed for getting closer to the real behavior of the bridge. One of the unique features of this combinational method is simulation close to reality. Modal numerical analysis was also used to verify the modeling. At the end of earthquake, a part of two lateral walls of Osmanli bridge was broken. The growth of arch cracks also increased during the earthquake. A part of right-hand wall of Senyuva Bridge was destructed during the earthquake. The left-hand side of the bridge wall was damaged during the earthquake but was not destructed.

• 한국영어학회지:영어학
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.575-587
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• 2002

In this paper we discuss the contrastive nature of formalism and functionalism in linguistics. Though the mainstreams of linguistic analysis have been focused on the form and function, they have been challenged from each other's strong points. On the one hand, the formal description has been studied in the tradition of generative grammar. On the other hand, the functional nature has played a crucial role in the framework of language use. It seems undesirable to argue that there is one-sided bias toward any type of linguistic approach. I try to present a balanced view of these two contrastive approaches. We also argue that there should be a cooperative work in developing the mutual growth of linguistic theory.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.186-191
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• 1995

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of herbicides on weed control, growth characteristics and yield in rapes, after direct seeding it to the field. All herbicides treated had no effect on the emergence period, bolting rate of rapes. The major weeds were Cerastium holosteoides var. hallaisanense, Stellaria media Villars, Larnium ampleicaule L., Lobelia chinensis Lour., Geranium wilfordii Maxim. and Capsellu bursa-pastoris (L.) Medicus. Rapes yield were increased somewhat more with alachlor-G, herbicide than the other hehicides and by hand weeding. Alachlor-G and alachlor-Ec were had no i j u r y but butachlor- G and simajin-Wp were slightly harmful for the rapes with recommended concentration. On the other hand all hehicides were harmful in the double dosage level.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.15-18
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• 2003

High purity single crystalline calcium fluoride ($CaF_2$) has excellent optical transmission characteristics down to deep UV and is therefore selected as the main optical material for the next generation of lithography apparatus operating at wavelength of 157 nm. The growth of large sized $CaF_2$ single crystals with the required properties for this optical application can be achieved only by optimizing the crystal growth process by the aid of numerical simulation. This needs especially a precise calculation of the heat transport and temperature distribution in the solid and liquid $CaF_2$ under crystal growth conditions. As $CaF_2$ is considered to be semitransparent, the internal radiative heat transfer in $CaF_2$ plays an decisive role in the simulation of the heat transport. On the other hand it is very difficult to obtain quantitative experimental data for evaluating numerical models as $CaF_2$ is extremely corrosive at high temperatures. In this work we present a newly developed experimental technique to perform temperature measurements in $CaF_2$-crystal as well as in the melt under conditions of crystal growth process. These experimental results are compared to calculated temperature data, which were obtained by using different numerical models concerning the internal heat transfer in semitransparent $CaF_2$. It will be shown, that an advanced model, which was developed by the authors, gives a much better agreement with experimental data as a standard model, which was taken from the literature.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.585-594
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• 2020

2006년 제주특별자치도 출범 이후 여러 개발사업이 진행된 제주는 유입인구 증가 등의 영향으로 2011년 이후 여타 지역에 비해 부동산업이 성장하였다. 이러한 성장 이후에 2017년부터는 미분양주택 증가, 순유입인구 감소 등의 현상이 나타나고 있다. 본 연구에서는 2006년부터 2016년의 기간을 회복기(2006~2010년)와 확장기(2011~2016년)로 구분하여 변이할당분석과 성장률시차분석을 통해 제주 부동산업의 성장이 국가의 성장에 따른 영향인지, 지역의 산업구조와 경쟁력에 의한 것인지를 분석하였다. 분석결과 제주 부동산업의 매출액과 종사자수는 회복기에는 국가 성장의 영향에 의해 성장하였으나, 확장기에는 산업구조와 지역의 경쟁력에 의해 성장한 것으로 나타났다. 부동산업의 성장에 기여한 세부산업으로는 부동산 개발 및 공급업을 들 수 있으며, 경쟁력이 약화된 세부산업으로는 부동산관리업으로 나타났다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권8호
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• pp.3094-3099
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• 2010

주택문제, 도심 오픈 스페이스의 감소, 난개발, 교통체증, 도심쇠퇴와 같은 문제점을 겪고 있는 현대도시의 지속가능성을 논의함에 있어서 도시성장관리는 지방자치정부의 차원에서 중요한 이슈중의 하나이다. 이러한 지속가능성을 가능케 하는 실천전략으로 본 연구에서는 스마트성장의 개념을 살펴보았다. 또한 도시의 지속가능성에 가장 큰 걸림돌 중의 하나는 지속가능한 전략을 일관성 있게 추진할 수 있는 선순환 구조가 결여된 자치단체의 내부구조상의 문제점을 들 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 지역혁신시스템(RIS)에 기반하여 각종 도시성장관리 전략에 있어서 지속적인 선순환 구조를 가능케 할 수 있는 지방정부조직의 개념적 모형을 제시하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.565-580
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• 2000

This study was designed to evaluate the influence of cultured epidermal tissue graft and the administration of transforming growth factor(TGF)-${\beta}_3$ on maxillary growth in surgically created palatal defects. A total of 155 rats were divided into 2 groups according to surgical timing : postnatal 2 weeks(n=95), 4 weeks(n=40) and control(unoperated) group(n=20). The postnatal 2-week surgical group was subdivided into 3 groups according to repair methods: conventional surgery(Von Langenbeck technique)group(n=23); cultured tissue graft group(n=25); and full thickness skin graft group(n=25). Additionally, recombinant human TGF-${\beta}_3$ was administered(30ng or 150ng) on collagen matrix in surgically created palatal defects during surgery(9 conventional surgeries, 9 cultured tissue grafts) in 2-week-old rats. The results showed that all types of surgical treatment decreased maxillary growth compared with the control(unoperated) group(p<0.0001). On the other hand, the tissue graft group, whether cultured tissue or grafted skin, contributed to increased maxillary growth(p<0.0001).And exogenous TGF-${\beta}_3$ might play a role in connective tissue proliferation and new bone generation during wound healing on palatal defects. Our results suggest that grafting cultured epidermis with collagen matrix decreases the scar tension on maxillary growth more than conventional palatal surgery does. Therefore, exogenous TGF-${\beta}_3$ may contribute to accelerate wound healing on palatal defects.