• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.225-231
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• 1993

Transformed hairy roots of Scopolia parviflora, producing tropane alkaloids and native to Korea, were obtained following infection of rhizome segments with Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4. Each root tip induced from inoculum sites excised and cultured in MS agar or liquid medium. About seventy of hairy root clones were established. Among them, several fast growing hairy root clones were examined for alkaliod content. Two dimensional TLC analysis showed that the tropane alkaloid pattern of hairy root was more complicated than that in the rhizome of mother plant. On the other hand, some hairy root clones did not produce scopolamine and hyoscyamine. In HPLC analysis, some hairy root clones yield higher levels of scopolamine and hyoscyamine than those of mother plant rhizome which used for infection. Scopolamine and hyoscyamine were identified by comparison of their retention times and of their spectra data with those of authentic compounds.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.155-161
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• 1998

The hairy roots of Crotalaria sessiliflora were induced from the tissue segments infected with Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 15834. The induced hairy roots were subjected to paper electrophoresis fro the detection of opine-positive clones which were considered to have been transformed. Mannopine and agropine were presented in hairy root clones while mannopine was presented in two hairy root clones. Eight hairy root clones were selected and cultured in MS, B5 and WP media. Each of hairy root clones was showed a difference in branch pattern and growth rate. The best culture medium and culture conditions of hairy roots were in $\frac{1}{2}$MS(3% sucrose, pH 5.7) liquid medium at 25$^\circ C$, 70 rpm under dark, the growth rate in $\frac{1}{2}$MS liquid medium was increased with 210-fold more than that of inoculated hairy roots and with 2-fold more than that in MS liquid medium. Also, the adequate condition for hairy root growth was such that concentration of KH$_2PO$_4 was 1.25mM and the ratio of NH${_4}{^+}$ : NO${_3}{^-}$ was 1 to 3 in MS medium. The presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, monocrotaline, in the hairy roots was detected by TLC.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.161-166
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• 1996

The hairy root cultures of Centella asiatica were established by infection leaf explants with Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4, 15834 in 1/2 Murashing and skoog liquid medium supplemented with 50 $\mu$M acetosyringone. The induced hairy roots were subjected to paper electrophoresis for the detection of opine and opine-positive clones which were considered to have been transformed. Five hairy root clones were selected according to the different bacterial strains used, growth rate and pattern. Among media tested, MS basal medium substituted phosphate concentration by 2.5mM K2HPO4 showed the highest growth rate in the dark condition.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 1994

Hairy root clones of Panax ginseng were established by selection of some hairy roots formed on the leaf, stem and root segments transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain $A_4$. The transformed roots grew well in MS medium under the dark condition. To confirm the transformation with Ri-T-DNA, dot blot hybridization and opine analysis were Performed. Among four hairy roots induced from different part of ginseng, the HB3 hairy roots were examined for selection of high-saponin-producing clones. Four clones isolated from HB3 hairy root cultures displayed various phenotypes characterized by growth and total saponin content. Maximum growth was obtained for cultures of HB3-10 clone and the content of total saponin was 0.55 wt%. However, higher amount of total saponin was obtained with HB3-2 clone cultures(0.74 wt%) in spite of lower growth. Dot blot hybridization confirmed the introduction of Ri-T-DNA in the plant genome. In the opine test, agropine and mannopine were detected from all hairy root clones.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.23-23
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• 2002

We established hairy root cultures of F. esculentum transformed with A. rhizogenes for in vitro rutin production. Additionally, we describe the effects of different media and plant growth regulators on growth and rutin biosynthesis in buckwheat hairy root cultures. Excised leaves of P. tinctorium from 10-day-old seedlings were used as the explant material for co-cultivation with A. rhizogenes 15834. The hairy culture of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. was established by infecting leaf explants with Agrobacterium rhizogenes 15834. About four to five weeks after co-cultivation with A. rhizogenes, 10 hairy roots were excised from the necrotic explant tissues. After repeated transfer to fresh medium for three months, ten clones were transferred to MS liquid culture medium. The growth and rutin production of each clone differently response to the MS liquid medium. Among these clones, H8, which had exhibited good growth rate and one of the highest rutin productivity, was selected for the following experimment.(중략)

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 2006

A transformed hairy root clone of Scutellaria baicalensis was established following infection with Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC15834. Three root clones of S baicalensis were selected by growth habit and baicalin content. The most active strain-the SR-03 clone-was examined for its growth and baicalin content under various culture conditions. The root growth and baicalin content were maximized in a Schenk and Hildebrandt medium supplemented with 4 and 6% sucrose, respectively. The accumulation of baicalin in transformed hairy roots was enhanced through exposure to various elicitors. Elicitation was attained by the addition of methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, and various concentrations of fungal cell wall elicitors to the medium. The accumulation of baicalin in the elicited cultures ranged from 10.5 to 18.3 mg/g dry weight of the roots, which was 1.5- to 3-fold the amount attained in controls.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.692-697
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• 2019

Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of sugar beet hairy roots expressing single-chain variable fragment (scFv) was exploited to evaluate the efficacy of four antibody-based constructs for interfering with the Beet necrotic yellow vein virus infection. The scFv specific to a major coat protein of virus, p21, was targeted to various cellular compartments including the cytosol (pIC and pICC constructs), apoplast (pIA), and mitochondrion (pIM). After mechanical virus inoculation, most of the hairy root clones expressing scFv in the cytosol displayed low virus titers while the majority of transgenic hairy root clones accumulated antibody in outer membrane of mitochondria or apoplast were infected. This hairy root system provided an efficient and rapid approach to initially investigating root disease resistance like rhizomania prior to transform whole recalcitrant plants such as sugar beet.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.337-341
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• 1995

Hairy roots of Korean ballon flower (Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC) were induced from the root tissues infected with Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 15834. Growth and polyacetylene [lobetyol (1), lobetyolin (2) and lobetyolinin (3)] production fo ten hairy root clones cultured in 1/4 Gamborg B5 (B5) liquid medium were determined. One selected hairy root clone (D6) grew well in hormone free-B5 liquid medium and showed maximum content of polyacetylenes at week 6 for 1 (0.375% dry wt) and at week 7 for 2 and 3 (3.030% and 0.206% dry wt, respectively) whose levels were much higher than those of the intact plant root (1:0.019%, 2:0.077% dry wt, 3 was not detected).

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.154-162
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• 2004

Hairy roots were induced from Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) root explants and studied for their gene expression. A total of 3,000 ESTs (expressed sequence tags) from ginseng hairy root were determined and about 2,700 ESTs have a length of readable sequence, which result in 1,352 unique ESTs sequences. The 879 ESTs showed significant similarities to known nucleotide or amino acid sequences in other plant species, which were divided into eleven categories depending upon gene function. The remaining 473 sequences showed no significant matches, which are likely to be transcripts or to be matched to other organisms. The results indicated that the analysis of the ginseng hairy root ESTs by partial sequencing of random cDNA clones may be an efficient approach to isolate genes that are functional in ginseng root in a large scale. Our extensive EST analysis of genes expressed in ginseng hairy root not only contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of genome expression patterns in root organ but also adds data to the repertoire of all genomic genes.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.137-142
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• 1997

In order to elucidate the optimum medium on the growth and tropane alkaloid production of hairy root, hairy root were induced by inoculating leaf and stem of Datura stramonium var. tatula Torr. with Agrobacterium spp. Both Agrobacterium tumefaciens $\textrm{A}_{4}$ T and A, rhizogenes ATCC 15834 among tested strains were effective on hairy root formation. Among 23 clones selected in SH (Schenk and Hildebrandt, 1972) liquid medium, DTLA9 clone was shown fast growth of hairy root and DTLE6 clone was shown high level production of tropane alkaloids. When both DTLA9 and DTLE6 clones were cultured in the GD (Gresshoff and Doy, 1972) medium, alkaloid production was higher than in 8 tested media. It was elucidated that optimum medium for root proliferation and for tropane alkaloid production is SH, GD medium, respectively.