• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.391-396
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• 2009

The percentage of those aged 60 and over is 43.5% among our country's 3,186 thousands farming population, so farm village is getting aging society rapidly. Moreover agricultural competitiveness has being weakened due to labor shortage by degradation in quality of labor configuration from elderly porson. For realisms easy workability, we developed a motor vehicle for agricultural activity. The vehicle has an automatic guidance system which could follows a track of magnetic tape on the floor for easy moving to given working position. We collected data from two guidance sensors, located on front and rear end of the vehicle and calculated displacement and angle deviation from the track. This traveling system was stably controlled with processing information deflection S, angle of deviation, D and angle velocity, Vt = $k_1D$ - $k_2S$ from two guidance sensors attached on front and rear of th motor vehicle. Also this system have been tested under various condition of $k_1$, $k_2$ for comparison on both stepped and turning routes. The results show that traveling performance is best at $k_1$=0.7, $k_2$=3.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.328-342
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the factors related to tooth wear. For this study, 78 patients with temporomandibular disorders and 76 dental students without any signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders were selected as the patients group and as the normal group, respectively. Preferred chewing side, Angle's classification, lateral guidance pattern, head and shoulder posture were observed clinically. Electromyographic activity of anterior temporalis and masseter muscle were recorded with $BioEMG^{(R)}$ and occlusal status were recorded with $T-Scan^{(R)}$. Wear facet area of each tooth was measured from working model of upper arch corresponding to the occlusal status from T-Scan. Wear facet area were measured with planimeter in $mm^2$. Total area were divided into incisal, canine, posterior tooth area. Anterior wearfacet area was incisor area plus canine area, and unilateral area was anterior area plus posterior area. The data collected were analyzed by SAS statistical program and the results of this study were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference between the two groups in total werafacet area, and male subjects showed tendency to have larger area in the normal group but female subjects showed tendency vice versa. 2. There was no significant difference related to preferred chewing side and Angle's classification, however some difference was observed by lateral guidance pattern. Anterior wear facet area in subjects of canine guidance was the largest in the three subgroups. 3. Subjects with head tilting to right side had larger posterior and total area, and subjects with higher shoulder in right side had larger canine and anterior area than any other subgrous. 4. Electromyographic activity of masseter muscle was more correlated with wear facet area than anterior temporalis muscle, and tooth contact number and force were significantly correlated with wear facet area, but the most important factor affecting tooth attrition was age.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.897-915
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual conditions and characteristics of weekly and daily child care programs for infants, to provide a basis for the improvement of infant care quality. Weekly and daily curricula of 18 classes for one and two-year-olds classes (9 for each ages) from childcare centers in D city were collected from Nov. 2009 to February 2010. The results are as following: first, classes for one-year-olds plan 6-25 activities and classes for two-year-olds plan 12-30 activities weekly, with differences in the number of weekly activities according to the childcare centers. The number of weekly activities should be planned considering infants' interest as well as educational continuity of the activities. Second, the investigation of daily activities showed that the routine activities planned for one-year-olds were for total of 310-600 minutes and for two-year-olds 310-540 minutes. Among these, on average of 66% of the time was planned for everyday life such as eating and napping. The rest of time was dedicated to indoor and outdoor free play. However a few centers allocated more time for group activities according to subjects compared to free play. A curriculum composed of group activities ignoring infants' individual developmental differences should not be encouraged. Last, the results of cluster analyses on weekly and daily curricula in terms of the number of activities and time, duration, number of group activities and time showed that curricula for infants could be characterized into two types: "free play" and "group activity" curricula.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제8권
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• pp.157-182
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• 1981

The purpose of present study is to investigate children's attitude toward reading, reading method, reading environment, reading volume, and then to compare the results obtained by sex, area and grade. The tool used in this survey was a questionaire designed specially by the investigator. The questionaire was distributed to 1339 children selected at the descretion of the investigator with due consideration of sex, area(large city, medium city and rural community) and grade (from 2nd grade of primary school to 2nd year of middle school). The results of this study are summerized as follows : 1) Regional difference was observed in respect of the followiug : Awareness on reading, motivation for reading, reading method, activity after reading, number of books collected, reading guidance, how to obtain books to read, monthly reading volume, and reading tendency. 2) Also difference by grade was observed in respcet of the following ; Activity after reading, reading guidance, monthly reading volume and reading tendency. The following conclusions have been made based on the results of the survey: 1) The children's attitude toward reading and reading method may be considered favorable while reading environment is not satisfactory yet. Especially, reading environment of school children in medium cities and rural communities is worse than that of large cities. 2) No difference by sex was observed in respect of attitudes toward reading, reading method, reading environment and reading volume while difference by sex was observed in respect of reading tendency. The followings are recommended based on the results of survey: 1) To establish and carry out a comprehensive program for the improvement of reading environment of the school children in medium cities and rural communities. 2) To improve and substantiate school library facilities and design a proper guidance program to have children utilize school library to the maximum extent. 3) To contemplate on the consolidated measures for reading behavior survey.

• 생약학회지
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• 제33권4호통권131호
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• pp.332-336
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• 2002

Opuntia ficus-indica var. sabotan was administered with diet for 5 weeks on db/db diabetic mice and its antidiabetic activity was investigated. Leaves of Opuntia ficus-indica var. sabotan inhibited the increase of body weight, glucose elevation in blood and urine, and protein excretion in urine, and protein excretion in urine. Opuntia ficus-indica var. sabotan also inhibited the intestinal maltase and sucrase activity on db/db Mice loaded with maltose and sucrose. However, it did not significantly lower HbAlc in blood of db/db mice. These results suggest that leaves of Opuntia ficus-indica var. sabotan could be effective on insulin-independent diabetic mellitus type 2.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.281-291
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate elementary school pupil's classification ability that appears in classification activity. For this study, we developed 2 suitable tools in classification activity achievement. One is artificial stimulus card that comes into view clearly. The other is natural stimulus card that does not come into view well. The test was administrated to 376 pupils of 2, 4, and 6 grade in D elementary School in Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul. The result proved in this study was as following. First, elementary school pupil's classification ability showed the developmental change as the grade level rises. Second, there was no statistical difference between boys and girls. Third, there was high correlation between sort artificial category and natural category in their ability. Fourth, classification achievement rate of constant level by grade was seen regardless of the items. The findings above gives following guidance in science classification learning. First, if teacher understands the development of students' classification ability, more effective classification guidance is available. Second, to cultivate students' classification ability, we should devise and apply program depending on their classification ability by grade.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2007

A prototype design process visualization and guidance system, is being developed. Its purpose is to visualize the design process in more intuitive manner so that one can get an insight to the complicated aspects of the design process. By providing a tangible utility to the design process performed by the expert designers or guided by the system, novice designers will be greatly helped to learn how to approach a certain class of design. Not only as an analysis tool to represent the characteristics of the design process, the system will be useful also for learning design process. A design ontology is being developed to provide the system with a knowledge-base, representing designer's activities associated with various design information during the conceptual design process, and then to be utilized for a computer environment for design analysis and guidance. To develop the design ontology, a conceptual framework of design activity model is proposed, and then the model has been tested and elaborated through investigating the nature of the early conceptual design. A design process representation model is conceptualized based on the ontology, and reflected into the development of the system. This paper presents the development process of the visualization system, modeling of design process ontology, and how the system could be utilized for the analysis and learning of conceptual design methods using computer mediated design support environment.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2000

This study was done in an attempt to reveal those factors interfering with the observation study. Three trained research assistants collected data by observing the two occupational health nurses working in the small scale enterprises on the 3rd and 10th of February, 1999. The first observation was performed on the 3rd of February without observation guidance. Guidance was given during the second observation on the 10th of February. These data were compared between reporters in nursing services of 'Workplace visiting', 'Health counselling' and 'Blood pressure checking' according to nursing time and frequency. These areas were chosen because these activities were regarded as clearly identifiable by observers in contrast to the other performances. The data showed inconsistency between reporters. However, they were reduced when reporters observed nurses with guidance, although there were still minor differences between data in time and frequency. Discussions were carried out to find possible reasons for these differences. The causes were mainly attributed to the difficulty in workplace conditions to observe, the work specificity of nurses visiting each workplace and the delicate situation between nurses and observers when reporters were travelling in the nurse's car. Therefore, the results suggest that the observation method applied to the nursing service research at small-scale enterprises should be more concerned about the selection of appropriate workplace and operational definition of nursing activity in order to more precisely measure nurses' attitudes.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.143-151
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• 2023

이 연구는 남자대학생을 대상으로 점진적 스쿼트 운동시 하체 근활성도와 발바닥압력의 변화를 살펴보고 근전도와 스마트 슈즈를 이용하여 근육이 불균형을 확인 및 인지시키고 즉각적인 피드백을 제공하여 효율적인 운동지도에 도움이 되고자 실시되었다. 연구의 대상자는 D대학교 재학생으로 20명으로 실시하였다. 이 연구 결과 스퀴트 부하가 증가할수록 8개 근육 중 왼쪽 반힘줄모양근, 양쪽 앞정강근을 제외한 모든 근육의 활성도가 유의하게 증가하였으며, 발바닥 압력은 스쿼트 부하가 증가될 수 발앞부(FF)의 압력이 유의하게 증가하였고 발뒤부(RF)의 압력은 유의하게 감소하였다. 따라서 웨어러블 기기를 이용하여 즉각적인 피드백 제공은 근육의 불균형을 예방하고 효과적인 운동지도를 할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.113-126
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• 2020

이 연구에서는 과학교사의 교육실습 지도 과정을 CHAT을 활용하여 심층적으로 분석하였다. 서울특별시에 소재한 사범대학의 부설학교에서 근무하는 2명의 과학교사가 연구에 참여하였다. 교육실습에 참관하며 지도 과정과 수업을 관찰하였고, 관련 문서 자료를 수집하였으며, 교육실습의 전, 중, 후에 반구조화된 면담을 실시하였다. 지속적 비교 방법으로 수집한 자료를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 교과 지도교사의 수업 중 생활지도 또한 중요하였으며 교과 오리엔테이션은 실습 전에도 추가로 이루어질 필요가 있었다. 예비과학교사와의 분업은 지도교사의 업무 부담을 덜기도 하였다. 성적에 민감한 학생들과 같이 공동체 요소의 영향으로 학생 평가를 지도하지 못하는 경우가 있었다. 두 교사의 교육실습은 상호협력적으로 이루어져 예비교사만이 아니라 지도교사, 학생들 모두에게 긍정적으로 작용하였다. 또한, 두 교사의 활동체계에서는 구체적인 지도 방식의 부재와 예비교사에 대한 이해 부족으로 인한 모순이 나타났다. 이는 두 교사의 교육실습 지도에 어려움을 가져왔고, 나아가서는 예비교사들이 실습 중에 겪는 어려움으로 이어지기도 하였다. 두 교사는 대안적 방법으로 모순을 해결하고자 하였으며 교육실습 지도를 위한 표준화된 지침, 지도교사들이 서로 협력할 수 있는 환경, 사범대학과의 긴밀한 연계 등을 요구하였다. 이상의 연구 결과를 바탕으로 교육실습을 개선하기 위한 방안을 논의하였다.