Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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Analysis of Science Teachers' Guidance of Teaching Practice Using the CHAT

문화역사적 활동이론(CHAT)을 활용한 과학교사의 교육실습 지도 분석

  • Received : 2020.01.21
  • Accepted : 2020.03.17
  • Published : 2020.04.30
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Abstract

In this study, we investigated science teacher's guidance of teaching practice in the perspective of the CHAT. Two science teachers working for schools affiliated with a college of education in Seoul took part in this study. Visiting the entire teaching practice, we observed the processes of guidance and the lessons and collected related materials. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted before, during and after teaching practice. All the data were analyzed by using the constant comparative method. The analyses of the results revealed that student guidance during the lessons was also important. And the curriculum orientation needed to be carried out before teaching practice. The division of labor with pre-service teachers relieved teachers of work burden. Teachers failed to guide assessment of students due to influences of community element such as students who were sensitive to grades. In both cases, teaching practice were so collaborative that those were valuable not only for pre-service teachers but also for teachers and students. Two teachers' activity system showed contradictions due to the lack of specific manuals for guidance and the lack of understanding of pre-service teachers. These contradictions brought about difficulties in their guidance, which in turn led to the difficulties experienced by pre-service teachers during teaching practice. They attempted to resolve contradictions in alternative ways and required standardized manuals for guidance, environments in which teachers could collaborate, and close connections with a college of education. Based on the results, we suggest some ways to improve teaching practice.

이 연구에서는 과학교사의 교육실습 지도 과정을 CHAT을 활용하여 심층적으로 분석하였다. 서울특별시에 소재한 사범대학의 부설학교에서 근무하는 2명의 과학교사가 연구에 참여하였다. 교육실습에 참관하며 지도 과정과 수업을 관찰하였고, 관련 문서 자료를 수집하였으며, 교육실습의 전, 중, 후에 반구조화된 면담을 실시하였다. 지속적 비교 방법으로 수집한 자료를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 교과 지도교사의 수업 중 생활지도 또한 중요하였으며 교과 오리엔테이션은 실습 전에도 추가로 이루어질 필요가 있었다. 예비과학교사와의 분업은 지도교사의 업무 부담을 덜기도 하였다. 성적에 민감한 학생들과 같이 공동체 요소의 영향으로 학생 평가를 지도하지 못하는 경우가 있었다. 두 교사의 교육실습은 상호협력적으로 이루어져 예비교사만이 아니라 지도교사, 학생들 모두에게 긍정적으로 작용하였다. 또한, 두 교사의 활동체계에서는 구체적인 지도 방식의 부재와 예비교사에 대한 이해 부족으로 인한 모순이 나타났다. 이는 두 교사의 교육실습 지도에 어려움을 가져왔고, 나아가서는 예비교사들이 실습 중에 겪는 어려움으로 이어지기도 하였다. 두 교사는 대안적 방법으로 모순을 해결하고자 하였으며 교육실습 지도를 위한 표준화된 지침, 지도교사들이 서로 협력할 수 있는 환경, 사범대학과의 긴밀한 연계 등을 요구하였다. 이상의 연구 결과를 바탕으로 교육실습을 개선하기 위한 방안을 논의하였다.

Keywords

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