• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.447-452
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• 2024

As the remarkable achievements of generative artificial intelligence technology become increasingly visible, the issue of 'controllability' in artificial intelligence is emerging as a prominent global keyword. This comes at a time when existential threats, such as the possibility of machines dominating humans, are being raised. Accordingly, this study aims to establish the groundwork for shaping a social public sphere by closely examining the concept of control, the current status, and the global landscape of artificial intelligence. It seeks to address the innovative changes anticipated in future society, with artificial intelligence technology at its core. The study aims to derive implications for preparing countermeasures against social problems and unpredictable variables that may arise from the evolution of artificial intelligence technology. It also aims to present guidelines and strategic insights for the establishment of government regulations. Furthermore, the study seeks to uncover implications for the formation of social public discourse.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.231-238
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• 2015

Objectives: The present study aimed to analyze the factors that could affect the health-promoting behaviors of North Korean adolescent refugees residing in South Korea. Methods: Questions about their sociodemographic variables, subjective health status, healthy living habits, and health-promoting behaviors were asked. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in religion (t=2.30, p<0.05), having family members in South Korea (t=2.02, p<0.05), and subjective health status (t=4.96, p<0.01). Scores on health-responsible behaviors were higher with higher age (t=2.90, p<0.01) and for subjects without family or friends (t=2.43, p<0.05). Higher physical-activity behaviors were observed in males (t=3.32, p<0.01), in those with better subjective health status (t=3.46, p<0.05) and lower body mas index (t=3.48, p<0.05), and in smokers (t=3.17, p<0.01). Nutritional behaviors were higher in those who followed a religion (t=2.17, p<0.05). Spiritual growth behaviors were higher in those who followed a religion (t=4.21, p<0.001), had no family in South Korea (t=2.04, p<0.05), and had higher subjective health status (t=5.74, p<0.01). Scores on interpersonal relationships and stress-management behaviors were higher for those with higher subjective health status. A multiple regression analysis showed greater effects on health-promoting behaviors when subjective health status was better. Older people and non-smokers exhibited more health-responsible behaviors, while more physical-activity behaviors and spiritual growth activities were observed when subjective health status was better. Interpersonal relationship behaviors had positive effects on those with good subjective heath status and on non-smokers. Conclusions: Based on the results of the current study, an alternative was suggested for promoting health in North Korean adolescent refugees.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.55-70
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• 2012

Busan port has played a part as the main trade gateway in Korea for several decades. However, due to the rapid integration of China into the global economy and the grand changes in global trade structures, the trade gateway system in Korea and the status of Busan port have been transformed. Busan port's role as a trade gateway toward Japan and U.S. has increased during last two decades but, in cases of China, its importance has relatively decreased. Moreover, Busan port's competitiveness has been undermined in the most part of commodity trade. These phenomena reflect the high competition among trade ports which tend to increase the effectiveness of supply chains. Based on the geographical research tradition which has understood a port as a nexus between hinterland and foreland, this study focuses the changes in characteristics of trade freights and the status as a gateway of Busan port. This approach will contribute to the understandings of dynamics in the comtemporary international logistics.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.254-262
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the quality of life in colorectal cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Methods: A total of 93 patients were recruited in the cross-sectional survey design. Quality of life in colorectal cancer patients were measured by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ C30 and CIPN20. Results: In the QLQ C30, the mean score of the global health status was 59.41, the functional scale was 73.29 and symptom scale was 26.72. In CIPN20, the mean score of sensory scale was 32.70, autonomic scale was 22.88 and motor scale was 16.12. In the QLQ C30, the global health status showed significant differences according to surgery (p=.027) and the functional scale, and the symptom scale showed significant differences according to gender (p=.046, p=.020) and nonpharmacologic intervention (p=.001, p=.009). The CIPN20, the sensory scale showed significant differences according to age (p=.006), DM (p=.005), grade of CIPN (p=<.001) the status of chemotherapy (p=.001) and nonpharmacologic intervention (p=.010). Conclusion: The level of quality of life in colorectal cancer patients with peripheral neuropathy was relatively low. There is a need for developing a nursing intervention for colorectal cancer patients to improve their quality of life and to decrease chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.95-96
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• 2018

This paper deals with the development status of eLoran system which is the best backup position, navigation, and timing (P NT) system of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and its performance result. I t especially explains the status of eLoran testbed implementation for the eLoran test service, development of eLoran transmitting system, differential Loran (dLoran) system, integrated operation and control system (IOCS), and integrated eLoran/GNSS receiver. The paper discusses about the future plan for the build up test transmitting station and backup P NT service to succeed to the trial operation of eLoran testbed system.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.7
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• pp.15-21
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• 2015

Due to the appearance of various mobile terminals like smartphone, smartpad, and smartwatch and tremendous development of WiFi technology, data utilization rate on WiFi network is significantly increasing. As a result, users are wanting to use WiFi network using only a simple identification at a visited place as if they are at their home institute. In this paper, we review the domestic status of eduroam service which supports global extension of wireless network access environment and present the future development perspective of the service in Korea. Besides, we shed light on the current status of WiFi sharing service between domestic universities and propose some methods to facilitate the join of domestic universities in eduroam service.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.409-417
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• 2022

The International Association of Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) utilizes a questionnaire to investigate the status of Aids to Navigation (AtoN) around the world. However, results of the IALA questionnaire have limited use because respondent understanding is inconsistent. In addition, there is uncertainty regarding the appropriateness of the questionnaire content. Furthermore, the overall response rate is low. Therefore, the status of AtoN is not clearly understood. AtoN data from around the world are generated hourly. Thus, big data solutions are required to effectively exploit the information. Digitization of analog data is an important component of building big data. Hence, the IALA has developed a Maritime Resource Name (MRN) scheme and an information exchange standard. Here, we used the AtoN information exchange standard and designed an S-201-based big data construction process that could collect and manage global AtoN information. In this study, construction of an IALA AtoN portal was proposed as the core of the construction of the AtoN big data. The process was divided into three stages. IALA AtoN portal is developed by IALA with the goal to provide various meaningful statistical analysis results based on AtoN data while managing AtoN information around the world based on S-201. If an AtoN portal capable of constructing S-201-based big data is developed, then a data collection and storage system that can gather basic S-201 AtoN data from the IALA and global AtoN management agencies could be achieved. Furthermore, insightful statistical analysis of AtoN status worldwide and changes in manufacturing technology will be possible.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.1-28
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• 2007

Because the result of environmental pollution of one state is not limited to the national border but spills over into neighboring countries or global environment either directly or indirectly, international discussions on environment are crucial in domestic environmental law and policy. International environmental law demands differential obligation between developed and developing countries in the principle of 'common but differentiated responsibility'. The common but differentiated responsibility is the principle that draws distinction between developed and developing countries about global environmental issues, while recognizing the common responsibility of environmental protection for all nations. Environmental technology transfer or financial support from developed countries to developing countries, for example, has been discussed. The problem is the status of Korea. Korea's international environmental policy will be different by the distinction of responsibility for international environmental protection according to the status of developed and developing countries. International communities have never established a clear standard distinguishing developed from developing countries in any international laws. The WTO entrusts each country to decide whether it is a developing country or not. In the international environmental law, the status of a country is determined by the ability to negotiate. The status of Korea, thus, cannot be fixed in general international law. Rather, the Korean government is able to choose its own status strategically, It can be a policy choice to insist that Korea's developing country so as to reduce the burden of international responsibility. But, considering an economic indicator and environmental pollution indicator at which Korea ranks about 10th, the reality of Korea is much closer to a developed country. Positive policies such as development of environment-friendly technologies and products should be preferred to defensive assertion of developing country.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

It is well known that malnutrition is a predictor of mortality in hemodialysis patients. The number of diabetic nephropathy patients is increasing rapidly. This study aimed to investigate nutritional status and nutrient intake according to the presence of diabetes among hemodialysis patients. The nutritional intake and general characteristics of outpatients at Ajou University Hospital (24 with diabetes and 30 without diabetes) were investigated between July and September 2015. Patients' general data were collected, and nutritional status by Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) was evaluated. Nutrient intakes were assessed according to 3-day food records. There was no significant difference regarding body weight between the two groups. However, the non-diabetic group showed a better nutritional status by Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) ($5.2{\pm}4.4$ vs. $8.0{\pm}4.3$ score, non-diabetics vs. diabetics, P<0.05). There was no difference in daily calorie intake ($1,473.9{\pm}370.5$ vs. $1,503.8{\pm}397.5kcal$) and protein intake ($60.3{\pm}19.7$ vs. $65.6{\pm}20.5g$) in those with diabetes. Intakes of vegetables protein, sodium, potassium, vitamin C, folic acid and fiber were significantly higher in the diabetic group compared to those of the non-diabetic group. There was no difference in daily nutrient intake between the hemodialysis weekday and weekend groups. The non-diabetic group had higher calorie and sodium intakes per meal in the hemodialysis weekday group, but the difference was not significant. Based on these results, intervention should be performed to improve nutritional status in consideration of diabetes and dietary patterns.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.68
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• pp.1-21
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to propose a new mechanism for the global transmission of electronic trade documents and to promote them using it. Trade settlement methods are changed from L/C bases to non-L/C bases and in particular, the telegraphic transfer is dramatically increased since mid 1990. But the status of transmission of electronic trade documents still rely on the letter of credit and bill of lading. So it need to change the process of transmission of electronic trade documents utilizing non-negotiable sea waybill instead of bill of lading. In this study, I pointed out two problems as obstacle factors in global transmission of electronic trade documents. First is the system connection problem between domestic and foreign banks and second is the electronic right transfer problem in the bill of lading. Electronic bill of lading has already been made, but are not used and e-Nego has also not been activated under the above issues. Therefore, it should be solved previously the above problems for the global transmission of electronic trade documents under the letters of credit. However, in transactions of transfer, it does not need the inter-bank connection and also does not occur the electronic right transfer problem of bill of lading if using the non-negotiable seaway bill instead of bill of lading. In this paper, I recommend the global transmission strategies of e-trade documents using the non-negotiable sea waybill in transactions of transfer. Hopefully, I expect the activation of global transmission of e-trade documents through the utilization of electronic non-negotiable sea waybill as suggested by this study.