• Title/Summary/Keyword: ginseng treatment

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Effects of Temperature, Light Intensity and Soil Moisture on Growth, Yield and Essential Oil Content in Valerian(Valeriana fauriei var. dasycarpa Hara) (쥐오줌풀의 생육 및 수량과 정유성분에 미치는 온도, 광도, 토양수분의 영향)

  • Cho, Chang-Hwan;Lee, Jong-Chul;Choi, Young-Hyun;Han, Ouk-Kyu
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.42 no.1
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    • pp.22-32
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    • 1997
  • This experiment was conducted to obtain information for the cultivation of Korean valerian(Valeriana lauriei var. dasycarpa Hara) which will be useful for medicinal and aromatic resources. The effect of different temperature conditions, light intensities and soil water conditions on growth, yield and component of essential oil of V. fauriei were measured at the Dankook University, Cheonan, and a study on the shading treatment was at Umsung, Chungchongbukdo, and Jinbu, Kangwondo, in 1995. V. laudei was planted at five different temperature conditions, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 3$0^{\circ}C$, eight light intensity conditions, 1, 000, 2, 500, 5, 000, 20, 000, 30, 000, 40, 000, 50, 000 and 60, 000lux, six soil water contents, 30, 45, 55, 70, 80 and 90% of the saturated soil, during growth stage. Shading treatment was three conditions, 0, 25 and 50%, during the daytime in field conditions. Photosynthesis had a highly significant relationship with temperature conditions in a quadratic regression model, from which the temperature for the plant growth was estimated to be 17.7$^{\circ}C$. A highly significant quadratic regression was noted between temperature and leaf width or root weight of V. fauriei. It was estimated from the regression equation that the optimum temperature for root growth was 20.3$^{\circ}C$. The content of essential oil and extract rate of root was the highest in the 15~2$0^{\circ}C$. Photosynthesis also was significantly affected by light intensity in a quadratic regression model, from which the optimum light intensity for the growth was estimated to be 40, 000lux. Root yield was more produced in Jinbu than that of in Umsung. The root yield was increased by the shading treatment in Umsung, whereas it was decreased by the shading treatment in Jinbu. The content of essential oil was not affected by the shading treatment of plants during the cultivation, while the compositions of components of essential oil were related to the growing locations. As soil water content was higher, the growth and content of root extract were increased. The optimum soil moisture for the growth of V. fauriei was 80~90% of the saturated soil. In summary, the results indicated that the growth, yield and component of essential oil in V. fauriei were affected by environmental factors as well as soil moisture.

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Isolation of Anti-inflammatory Active Substance β-Sitosterol from Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Stem (비타민나무(Hippophae rhamnoides L.) 줄기로부터 항염 활성물질 β-Sitosterol의 분리)

  • Park, Yu-Hwa;Lim, Sang-Hyun;Ham, Hun-Ju;Kim, Hee-Yeon;Jeong, Haet-Nim;Kim, Kyung-Hee;Kim, Song-Mun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.39 no.7
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    • pp.980-985
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    • 2010
  • The objective of this study was to isolate and identify anti-inflammatory chemicals in Hippophae rhamnoides L. which was grown in Chuncheon, Korea. Treatment of ethanol extracts from stems, leaves, roots, and fruits to RAW 264.7 cells reduced amounts of nitrite by 56.0, 31.9, 49.1, and 18.9% respectively, compared to only lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment which is well-known as a inflammation-inducing agent. The stems were extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water and their nitrite contents in RAW 264.7 cells were measured. The dichloromethane extracts showed the highest inflammatory activity, exhibiting 80% reduction of the nitrite content at 1 mg/mL treatment. Activity-directed fractionation of dichloromethane extracts led to the identification of $\beta$-sitosterol as the anti-inflammatory chemical. 0.1 mg/mL treatment of $\beta$-sitosterol inhibited strongly the production of nitrite by 65%, compared to only LPS treatment. These results suggest that stem of H. rhamnoides L. may be useful for inflammation treatment.

Electrophoretic Variations in Protein and Some Enzymes during Stratification of Panax ginseng Seeds (인삼종자의 개갑처리과정에 있어서 단백질 및 몇가지 효소의 전기영동특성변이)

  • 최선영
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.334-341
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    • 1990
  • The electrophoretic variations in protein and some enzymes during stratification of Panax ginsseng seeds were checked in relation to the differentiation and development of immature embryo, Seed-protein on PAGE showed eight major bands during the period of investigation, Four bands of Rf : 0.12, 0.24, 0.66 and 0,72 remained in dark stained condition, whereas the remainders (Rf : 0.40, 0.48, 0.56 and 0,76) became lighter in the staining condition as the treatment period was prolonged, In embryo, which was separately sampled from 75 days after the treatement, the only band of Rf 0.76 was not observed, In peroxidase, the number of bands was gradually increased and came to four bands at 45 days after treatment, and their staining color became gradually darker until the time of final samling. Also, the embryo had the same patterns as those in the intact seed. Esterase showed four bands during the period of investigation. As the treatment period was prolonged, the degree of staining condition came to darker in the band of Rf 0.36, but lighter in the band of Rf 0.56. The band of Rf 0.20 was not detected in the intact seed at 90 days after the treatment, but clearly observed in embryo. Glutamate dehydrogenase had only two bands: one (Rf : 0.16) was detected only at 60 days after the treatment and the other (Rf: 0.14) was always observed throughout the period, and showing simple pattern in the electrophoretic variation. Glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase showed the only band of Rf 0.36 during the period of investigation and even in embryo, and showing the simplest pattern, indeed.

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Determinants on Korean Medicine Use among Breast Cancer Patients (유방암환자의 한의약의료서비스이용 결정요인)

  • Han, Dong-Woon;Kim, Yoon-Yong;Choi, Soo-Jeong;Hwang, Jung-Hye
    • Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.37-51
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    • 2012
  • Objectives : The objective of this study is to determine the present state of patients with breast cancer use of Korean medicine(KM) and predictive factors for the use. Through this, the present study is intended to present reasonable treatment approaches for patients with breast cancer as well as communicating correct information on KM to healthcare providers and presenting objective alternatives for patients with breast cancer management based on the subjects' experience in health benefits obtained from their use of KM. Methods : To collect data for the present study, questionnaire surveys were conducted on outpatients who visited four hospitals located in Seoul, Korea during around three weeks from May 31, 2012. Although the total number of the questionnaire sheet distributed in the form of directly asking questionnaire questions was 300, 12 incomplete questionnaire sheets were excluded. Therefore, the number of questionnaire sheets actually used in analyses was 288 and thus the collect rate was 96%. Results : Major results of this study are as follows. First, the number of subjects who responded to the questionnaire was 288 in total. Forty-six percent of the patients reported KM usage and the most commonly used ginseng and qigong/exercise. KM use was found to be associated with age, experiencing side effects of cancer treamnent. Factors that affect the use of KM were analyzed by Linear Logistic Regression and the results showed that age, experiencing side effects of cancer treatment, effectiveness of cancer treatment, and satisfaction of the treatment were factors that were related with relatively more frequent use of KM. Conclusions : Comparing the previous studies, it could be seen that patients with breast cancer were highly interested in and used KM in which conventional medicine and KM are used simultaneously. Knowledge on the integrative use of KM and conventional therapies is necessary for cancer physicians and traditional Korean medical doctors to help patients make informed choices. KM use may play a role in the positive benefits associated with process of breast center treatment. Healthcare providers should communicate correct information on the KM use that has been scientifically verified and talk with each other openly. The fact that the significant correlation between predictive factors for the use of KM was identified trough the present study is quite meaningful.

The transformation of ginsenosides by acid catalysis in gastric pH

  • Han, Byung-Hoon;Park, Myung-Hwan;Han, Yong-Nam;Woo, Lin-Keun;Ushio-Sankawa;Shoji-Yahara;Osamu-Tanaka
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.25-31
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    • 1981
  • The ginsenosides of Korean ginseng decomposed profoundly to produce artifact products of prosapogenin $A_{1}$, $A_{2}$ and $A_{3}$ from ginsenoside Rg$_{1}$, prosapogenin $C_{1}$, $C_{2}$ and $C_{3}$ from ginsenoside Re, and prosapogenin E$_{1}$, E$_{2}$ and E$_{3}$ from ginsenoside Rb$_{1}$ by the acid treatment under physiological condition such as 37.deg.C incubation in 0.1 N HCI. 2. The chemical structures of the artifact substances were determined by the analysis CMR and mass spectra of TMS derivatives as following; table omitted.

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Oxidation of fatty acid may be enhanced by a combination of pomegranate fruit phytochemicals and acetic acid in HepG2 cells

  • Kim, Ji Yeon;Ok, Elly;Kim, You Jin;Choi, Kyoung-Sook;Kwon, Oran
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.7 no.3
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    • pp.153-159
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    • 2013
  • We investigated whether the combination of phytochemicals and acetic acid in the form of fruit vinegar provides an additive effect on changes of mRNA levels related to fatty acid oxidation in human hepatocyte (HepG2). Among the seven fruit vinegars (Rubuscoreanus, Opuntia, blueberry, cherry, red ginseng, mulberry, and pomegranate) studied, treatment of HepG2 with pomegranate vinegar (PV) at concentrations containing 1 mM acetic acid showed the highest in vitro potentiating effect on the mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\alpha}$, carnitinepalmitoyl transferase-1, and acyl-CoA oxidase compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Reversed-phase liquid chromatography in combination with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis revealed four potential compounds (punicalagin B, ellagic acid, and two unidentified compounds) responsible for altered gene expression in HepG2 cells treated with PV as compared with the others. Further investigations are warranted to determine if drinking PV beverages may help to maintain a healthy body weight in overweight subjects.

The Literature Study of Traditional Diet Therapies on Postpartum Recovery & Lactation in the Joseon Dynasty (산후 약선식 개발을 위한 조선시대 관련의서 고찰 - 「향약집성방(鄕藥集成方)」, 「동의보감(東醫寶鑑)」, 「방약합편(方藥合編)」을 중심(中心)으로 -)

  • Kim, Jung-Eun;Kim, Byung-Sook;Ahn, Ji-Young;Kim, Yun-Kyung
    • Herbal Formula Science
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.90-99
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    • 2013
  • Objectives : This study was carried out to investigate the traditional diet therapies for the period of postpartum recovery and lactation and to develop modern postpartum recovery foods. Korean traditional medical treatment for postpartum care focused on treating postpartum obesity, edema, agalactia was studied. Methods : We investigated the documents recorded in the medical classics of "Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集 成方)", "Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑)" and "Bangyakhappyeon(方藥合編)" published in 1433, 1613 and 1885 respectively in the Joseon Dynasty. Results : First, Radix Angelicae Sinensis was most frequently used to treat the postpartum obesity, and a lot of nourishing herbs including Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Astragali, Radix Ginseng, Rhizoma Chuanxiong were also used. Second, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalase, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens were used to treat the postpartum edema. Third, Radix Rhapontici, Medulla Tetrapanacis, Fructus Trichosanthis etc. were used to treat the postpartum agalactia. Conclusions : Consequently, we hope this study on the prescriptions and herbs for gynecology in "Hyangyakjipseongbang(鄕藥集成方)", "Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑)" and "Bangyakhappyeon(方藥合編)" will provide knowledge for diet therapy model development of postpartum care of the modern times.

Chemistry and pharmacology of withania somnifera: An update

  • Kumar, Vikas;Dey, Amitabha;Hadimani, Mallinath B.;Marcovic, Tatjana;Emerald, Mila
    • CELLMED
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.1.1-1.13
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    • 2015
  • Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) is an important Rasayana herb and widely considered as Indian ginseng in Ayurveda. In traditional system of Indian medicine, it is used as tonic to rejuvenate the body and increase longevity. In Ayurvedic preparations, various parts of the plant have been used to treat variety of ailments that affect the human health. However, dried roots of the plant are widely used for the treatment of nervous and sexual disorders. The major active chemical constituents of this plant are withanolides, which is responsible for its wide range of biological activities. Since the beginning of the $20^{th}$ century, a significant amount of research has been done and efforts are ongoing to further explore other bioactive constituents, and many pharmacological studies have been carried out to describe their disease preventing mechanisms. In this chapter, we have reviewed the chemistry and pharmacological basis of W. somnifera in various human ailments.

Consumption Aspects of Health Supplements or Health Foods by Adult Male and Female in Daejon (대전지역 성인 남.녀의 건강보조제 및 건강식품 섭취실태)

  • Koo, Nan-Sook;Park, Ji-Yeun
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.205-213
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    • 2001
  • A survey was conducted to investigate the intake pattern of health supplements and health foods by using questionnaire. The data were collected from 395 adults over middle age and analyzed with SAS program. The natural foods were most frequently taken among health supplements and health foods for health. There was no difference in pattern of health supplements or health foods intake between male and female. The item taken over 20% of subjects was health drinks, green tea, ginseng product, dietary fiber drink, honey, general tea, tonic medicine from natural foods, vitamin B, vitamin C from nutrition supplements, and Lactobacillus product from health supplements. As the main reason for taking health supplements or health foods, the male indicated recovery of fatigue and improvement of health, but the female indicated recovery of fatigue and protection or treatment on disease(p<0.001). The frequency of taking health supplements or health foods was once a day. About the effect of health foods 70.1%, of subjects answered not bad and 25% responded very helpful for their health. Twenty percent of subjects experienced side effects such as diarrhea. The results showed that the proper education program should be developed for consumer to choose suitable health supplements or health foods according to their dietary life and health condition.

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Promoting Effect of a Mixture of 8 Herbal Extracts (SPELA 707) on Hair Growth

  • Choi, Eun-Young;Park, Soo-Nam;Park, Sung-Uk;Choi, Seong-Won;Ro, Byung-In;Chung, Myung-Hee
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.91-96
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    • 2003
  • In Korean folk medicine, several herbs, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Persicae Semen, Salviae Radix, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Zanthoxyli Fructus, Ginseng Radix Alba, Cnidii Rhizoma, and Carthami Flos, are known to enhance blood circulation and have wound healing or anti-inflammatory effects. These pharmacological actions prompted us to investigate whether these herbs might stimulate hair growth. Thus, using a mixture of their extracts called SPELA 707, we investigated their effects and found that SPELA 707 possessed significant hair cycle converting activity from the telogen phase to the anagen phase in C3H mice. Furthermore, we found that SPELA 707 enhanced the hair density in subjects with hair loss and also promoted the conversion of hair into the anagen phase in subjects with androgenetic alopecia. In addition, hair growth promotion effect of SPELA 707 occurred through inhibition of steroid $5{\alpha}$-reductase activity, which is known to block hair growth. Taken together, these results suggest that SPELA 707 has a potential to be used for the treatment of hair loss.