• School Mathematics
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.355-372
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• 2001

The primary school mathematics emphasizes some activities such as visualizing figures, drawing figures and comparing figures from various angles. These activities could be undertaken throughout examination, experiments and exploration of the substantial materials. They could also be undertaken by using the objects found in a daily life informally. The 7th curriculum of mathematics reflects this trend and includes the systematized activities in teaching spatial sense in geometry. However, it still requires more researches on the teaching methodology of spatial sense and the conceptual analysis of spatial sense. In this study, the concept of spatial sense is analyzed and Mackim's 3-levels teaching methodology and Bruner's EIS theory and suggestions are reviewed as a possible teaching methodology of spatial tasks. As a conclusion, this study suggests a teaching-learning methodology of spatial tasks at the levels of 2-GA and 3-Ga of the 7th curriculum of mathematics.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.935-949
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of virtual manipulatives apps that can be used to teach students struggling to learn mathematics. To achieve this goal, ten general characteristics of 23 virtual manipulatives apps were evaluated. The instructional, interface, and interactive design features of apps were also evaluated on five-point scale ratings of 18 items. In addition, SPSS frequency analysis and the correlation between each feature was analyzed. Frequently presented instructional contents among 23 virtual manipulatives apps were geometry, arithmetic operation, number concept and measurement. The frequently presented level of instructional contents was lower grade elementary school and kindergarten age. The frequently presented instructional type was the simulation. Regarding the design features, instructional design was rated as the highest (mean = 3.7); interactive design (mean = 3.6) and interface design (mean = 3.3) were also rated higher than neural. In addition, as the learning strategy was appropriately presented, it was evaluated that there was less screen linkage and content error.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.263-272
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• 2000

In this paper we give some geometric condition for a stochastic nonlinear system and we propose a control method for a stochastic nonlinear system using neural networks. Since a competitive learning neural networks has been developed based on the stochastcic approximation method it is regarded as a stochastic recursive filter algorithm. In addition we provide a filtering and control condition for a stochastic nonlinear system called the perfect filtering condition in a viewpoint of stochastic geometry. The stochastic nonlinear system satisfying the perfect filtering condition is decoupled with a deterministic part and purely semi martingale part. Hence the above system can be controlled by conventional control laws and various intelligent control laws. Computer simulation shows that the stochastic nonlinear system satisfying the perfect filtering condition is controllable and the proposed neural controller is more efficient than the conventional LQG controller and the canonical LQ-Neural controller.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.428-431
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• 2000

웹 기반 교육은 웹을 수단으로 하여 지식을 생성·조직·전파하는 새로운 교육 방식으로 웹이 제공하는 상호작용성을 교육에 활용한다면 기존의 면대면 교육에서 부족했던 점을 보완할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 웹을 수단으로 하는 웹 기반 교육의 학생 교수간 상호작용성을 활용하여 중학교 기하영역을 위한 웹 기반 코스웨어를 설계·구현하였다. 설계된 코스웨어는 기존의 독립형 컴퓨터를 기반으로 하는 멀티미디어 코스웨어의 한계성을 극복하고 학습자 중심의 능동적 참여 및 개별화 학습을 유도할 수 있는 장점을 지니며 중학 수학 교과 과정중 논증기하의 교수-학습효과를 극대화 할 수 있는 방안으로 평가된다.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.455-474
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• 2020

In this study, we investigate the latus rectum, one of the geometric measures of the conics, as one of the ways in which learners harmonize the geometric and algebraic approaches to conics from a pedagogical point of view. We also introduce the conical curve of Biot as presented in 'The Discourse on the Latus Rectum in conics(2013)' by Takeshi Sugimoto and reinterpret it for visualization and use as teaching material. Therefore, we expect that the importance of mathematical concepts will be recognized in conics and students can experience geometry learning that is explored in the school field and have a positive effect in developing the power to apply even in the context of applied problems.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.387-406
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• 2019

The Korea Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Creativity(KOFAC) developed AlgeoMath, a dynamic geometry software, with support from the Ministry of Education and 17 municipal and provincial education offices. Starting Nov. 7, 2018, AlgeoMath can be used for free by anyone. This study summarizes various discussions on the future direction of math education. The four aspects of the curriculum, textbook, teaching and learning, and assessment were explored on how AlgeoMath could contribute in realizing the future direction of math education. We confirmed that AlgeoMath can faithfully fulfill its role as a tool for changing math education, and we looked at what should be emphasized more and what should be complemented.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.18-25
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• 2018

This paper describes a real-time human and robot tracking method in Intelligent Space with multi-camera networks. The proposed method detects candidates for humans and robots by using the histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) feature in an image. To classify humans and robots from the candidates in real time, we apply cascaded structure to constructing a strong classifier which consists of many weak classifiers as follows: a linear support vector machine (SVM) and a radial-basis function (RBF) SVM. By using the multiple view geometry, the method estimates the 3D position of humans and robots from their 2D coordinates on image coordinate system, and tracks their positions by using stochastic approach. To test the performance of the method, humans and robots are asked to move according to given rectangular and circular paths. Experimental results show that the proposed method is able to reduce the localization error and be good for a practical application of human-centered services in the Intelligent Space.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.355-379
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• 2021

In this article, we investigated plane figures introduced in elementary school mathematics in the perspective of traditional classification, and also analyzed plane figures focused on the invariance of plane figures out of traditional classification. In the view of traditional classification, how to treat trapezoids was a key argument. In the current mathematics curriculum of the elementary school mathematics, the concept of sliding, flipping, and turning are introduced as part of development activities of spatial sense, but it is rare to apply them directly to figures. For example, how are squares and rectangles different in terms of symmetry? One of the main purposes of geometry learning is the classification of figures. Thus, the activity of classifying plane figures from a symmetrical point of view has sufficiently educational significance from Klein's point of view.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.98-108
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• 2023

This paper is an attempt to design segmentation method based on fully convolutional networks (FCN) and attention mechanism. The first five layers of the Visual Geometry Group (VGG) 16 network serve as the coding part in the semantic segmentation network structure with the convolutional layer used to replace pooling to reduce loss of image feature extraction information. The up-sampling and deconvolution unit of the FCN is then used as the decoding part in the semantic segmentation network. In the deconvolution process, the skip structure is used to fuse different levels of information and the attention mechanism is incorporated to reduce accuracy loss. Finally, the segmentation results are obtained through pixel layer classification. The results show that our method outperforms the comparison methods in mean pixel accuracy (MPA) and mean intersection over union (MIOU).

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.111-126
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• 2023

Highly reliable and versatile methods artificial intelligence (AI) have found multiple application in the different fields of science, engineering and health care system. In the present study, we aim to utilize AI method to investigated vibrations in the human leg bone. In this regard, the bone geometry is simplified as a thick cylindrical shell structure. The deep neural network (DNN) is selected for prediction of natural frequency and critical buckling load of the bone cylindrical model. Training of the network is conducted with results of the numerical solution of the governing equations of the bone structure. A suitable optimization algorithm is selected for minimizing the loss function of the DNN. Generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM), and Hamilton's principle are used for solving and obtaining the governing equations of the system. As well as this, in the results section, with the aid of AI some predictions for improving the behaviors of the various sport systems will be given in detail.