• Title/Summary/Keyword: genotoxicological safety

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Establishing the Genotoxicological Safety of Gamma-irradiated Egg White and Yolk (감마선 조사 계란의 유전독성학적 안전성 평가)

  • Song, Hyun-Pa;Shin, Eun-Hye;Yun, Hye-Jeong;Jo, Cheor-Un;Kim, Dong-Ho
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.16 no.5
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    • pp.782-788
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    • 2009
  • The genotoxicological safety of gamma-irradiated egg white and yolk was examined to ensure that required safety parameters were met, and in an effort to further apply gamma-irradiation for improvement of the hygienic qualities of eggs. Egg white and yolk were irradiated at 20 kGy, much higher than the legally approved dose (less than 5 kGy), and possible genotoxicity was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo tests. The SOS chromotest employing Escherichia coli PQ37, and a chromosomal aberration test in cultured Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells, were performed in vitro with or without metabolic activation (S9). An in vivo micronucleus development test was conducted using mouse bone marrow cells. Negative results were obtained in the SOS chromotest. The incidence of chromosomal aberration in CHL cells and the frequency of micronuclear developmentin mouse bone marrow cells treated with irradiated samples were not significantly different from those of non-irradiated controls. Thus, it may be concluded that up to 20 kGy of gamma irradiation applied to egg white and yolk did not show any genotoxic effects under our experimental conditions.

In vitro Genotoxicological Safety of Fresh Vegetable-Extract Juice by Gamma Irradiation (감마선 조사된 녹즙의 In vitro 유전독성학적 안전성 평가)

  • 이현자;강근옥;육홍선
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.30 no.6
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    • pp.1227-1236
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    • 2001
  • Genotoxicological safety on 10 kGy-gamma irradiated vegetable juices such as Oenanthstolonifera DC., Daucus carota L., Brassica oleracea var. acephala and Angelica keiskei was determined by the Salmonella typhmurium reversion assay, the SOS Chromotest using in Escherichia cloi PQ37 and chromosome aberration test in cultured Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast cells. Vegetable juices exposed to 10 kGy-gamma ray revealed negative results in these three in vitro mutagenetic tests.

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Genotoxicological Safety of Gamma-Irradiated Salted and Fermented Anchovy Sauce (감마선 조사된 멸치액젓의 유전독성학적 안전성 평가)

  • 육홍선;차보숙;김동호;이주운;변명우
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.33 no.7
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    • pp.1192-1200
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    • 2004
  • Gamma irradiations at 5 or 10 kGy were applied to salted and fermented anchovy sauce, for improving the hygiene Quality and evaluating the genotoxicological safety. In vitro genotoxicological safety of irradiated sauces was evaluated by Salmonella Typhimurium (TA98, TA100, TAI535 and TAI537) and E. coli WP2 uvrA, reversion assay, SOS chromotest (Escherichia coli PQ37), and chromosome aberration test (Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells) in the absence or presence of an exogenous metabolizing system (S9 mix). The gamma-irradiated samples were not significantly different from nonirradiated-control for three in vitro tests (p<0.05). :In vivo micronucleus test using ICR mice (male) was not significantly different from the control at p<0.05. The salted and fermented anchovy sauce exposed to 5 or 10 kGy-gamma ray revealed negative results in these three in vitro mutagenetic tests and in vivo micronucleus test upto 50,000 $\mu$g/plate, respectively. The results indicated that 5 or 10 kGy gamma-irradiated salted and fermented anchovy sauces did not show any mutagenicity.

Assurance on the Genotoxicological Safety of Fermented Vegetables Pasteurized by Gamma Irradiation

  • Yook, Hong-Sun;Byun, Myung-Woo;Song, Hyun-Pa;Lee, Ju-Woon;Kim, Kwan-Soo;Kim, Kwang-Hoon;Lee, Ho-Joon;Kim, Dong-Ho
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.137-142
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    • 2005
  • The genotoxicological safety of fermented vegetables pasteurized by gamma irradiation was examined to consider the possibility of the application of irradiation for extending of fermented vegetables. A fermented vegetable was irradiated at 20 kGy to assure its toxicological safety even at a high dose of radiation. The Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium (TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537) and Escherchia coli (WP2), and the chromosomal aberration test in Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells were performed. In vivo micronucleus test were conducted in mouse bone marrow cells. With or without metabolic activation, negative results were obtained in the Ames test and the chromosomal aberration test. In the micronucleus test, there was no enhancement in the formation of micronucleus, and there were no such significant differences between the irradiated and non-irradiated samples. The observed results indicated that, a level of 20 kGy of gamma irradiation on the fermented vegetable did not bring about any genotoxic effects under the described experimental conditions.

Genotoxicological Safety Evaluation of Crude Antifungal Compounds Produced by Bacillus subtilis SN7 (Bacillus subtilis SN7이 생성한 조항균 물질의 유전독성학적 안정성평가)

  • Chang, Hae-Choon;Koh, Sang-Bum;Lee, Jae-Joon
    • The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.131-141
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    • 2017
  • This study was carried out to perform genotoxicological safety evaluation of crude antifungal compounds produced by Bacillus subtilis SN7 (B. subtilis SN7) isolated from meju. Bacterial reverse mutation assay with Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, and TA1537 or Escherichia coli WP2uvrA in the presence and absence of the S9 metabolic activation system was carried out, and the crude antifungal compounds produced by B. subtilis SN7 showed no significant increase in the number of revertant colonies. In the chromosomal aberration tests using Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells, sample treatment groups showed no increase in the frequency of chromosome aberrations compared to the negative control group. Furthermore, in the micronucleus formation test, the crude antifungal compounds showed no significance increase in the frequency of polychromatic erythrocytes with micronuclei. These results suggest that the crude antifungal compounds produced by B. subtilis SN7 isolated from meju showed no harmful genotoxic effects.

Genotoxicological Safety Evaluation of the Solvent Extracts for Medicinal Herbs that are of Highly Domestic Spendings (국내 소비 주요 생약재의 유기용매 추출물에 대한 유전독성평가)

  • Yoon, Won Ho
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.814-823
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    • 2013
  • This study is carried out to evaluate the genotoxicity of herbs (Angelica decursiva, Polypori umbellate, Astragalus membranaceua, Paeonia iactiflora, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Cnidium officinale, Rehmannia glutinosa, Cyperus rotundus, Dioscorea batatas and Platycodi Radix) by using the Ames test. The Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay is being performed by using the Sal. typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535 and TA1537 as tester strains. Among 70% of ethanol extracts from 10 herbs, the number of revertant colonies is being increased in Astragalus membranaceua, Cnidium officinale and Dioscorea batatas in a dose-dependent manner, as compared with negative controls of the metabolic activation. In case of dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fraction from 70% of ethanol extracts, the number of revertant colonies is increased in Angelica decursiva, Astragalus membranaceua, Cnidium officinale, Rehmannia glutinosa and Dioscorea batatas in a dose-dependent manner, as compared with negative controls of metabolic activation. Such results indicate that Angelica decursiva, Astragalus membranaceua, Cnidium officinale, Rehmannia glutinosa and Dioscorea batatas all show genotoxic effects when being extracted with the solvent extractions such as 70% of ethanol, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate, and thus, they might be genotoxically- non-safe.

Genotoxicological Safety of Gamma-Irradiated Kwamegi(semi-dried Colobabis seira) (감마선 조사된 과메기의 유전독성학적 안전성 평가)

  • 육홍선;정영진;송현파;이주운;변명우
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.182-192
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    • 2004
  • Gamma irradiation at 5 and 10 kGy was applied to Kwamegi (semi-dried Colobabis seira) for their possible hygiene quality and carried out genotoxicological safety. In vitro genotoxicological safety of each 5 and 10 kGy-irradiated Kwamegi was evaluated by Salmonella typhimurium (TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537) and E. coli WP2 uvrA reversion assay, SOS chromotest (Escherichia coli PQ37) and chromosome aberration test (Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells) in the absence and presence of an exogenous metabolizing system (S9 mix). Gamma-irradiated samples were not different from nonirradiated-control to respective in vitro tests. And in vivo micronucleus test using ICR mice (male) micronucleus was not observed. Kwamegi exposed to 10 kGy-gamma ray revealed negative results in these three in vitro mutagenetic tests and in vivo micronucleus test up to 10,000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/plate, respectively. The results indicated that 5 and 10 kGy gamma-irradiated Kwamegi (semi-dried Colobabis seira) did not have mutagenicity.

Genotoxicological Safety of Octadeca-9,12-dienyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate from Gallic and Linoleic Acids and Its Biological Functions in Cream-based Emulsion (Gallic Acid와 Linoleic Acid로부터 합성한 Octadeca-9,12-dienyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate의 유전독성학적 안전성 및 화장품 제형을 통한 생리 기능성 평가)

  • Jung, Sa-Moo-El;Song, Hyun-Pa;Lee, Na-Young;Jang, Ae-Ra;Jo, Cheo-Run
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.37 no.6
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    • pp.696-700
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    • 2008
  • The objective of this study was to investigate the genotoxicological safety and biological functions of octadeca-9,12-dienyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (GA-LA) in cream-based emulsion for future application as a functional cosmetic material as well as food. GA-LA was synthesized chemically from gallic acid and linoleic acid. The Ames test showed that GA-LA did not have mutagenical toxicity. The control cream-based emulsion containing GA-LA was prepared by commercial method and tested for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and inhibition effect against tyrosinase of the emulsions were tested for the evaluation of antioxidative and skin-whitening activities. The results showed that DPPH radical scavenging activity in the cream-based emulsion containing GA-LA was higher (52.65%) than that of the control (4.30%). The FRAP value of the sample was 12.85%, however, no activity was found in control. The inhibition effect of tyrosinase showed also a higher value (26.29%) when compared to the control. The results indicate that GA-LA, which showed superior antioxidative and skin-whitening activities in cream-based emulsion, is a useful functional material applicable in cosmetic products as well as food.

Genotoxicological Safety of the Gamma-Irradiated Medicinal Herbs (감마선 조사 생약재의 안전성에 관한 유전독성학적 평가)

  • 조성기
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.217-227
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    • 1997
  • These experiments were performed to investigate the safety of the three medicinal herbs- Curcuma longa Linne, Paeonia japonica Miyabe, Scutellaria baikalensis George-irradiated with gamma rays in respect of genotoxicity. The methanol-soluble and water-soluble fractions of the methanol-water extracts of the 10 kGy gamma-irradiated herbs were examined in two short-term in vitro tests : (1) Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay (Ames test) in strain TA 98, TA 100 and TA 012 (2) Micronucleus test in cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. No mutagenicity was detected in the assays with or without metabolic activation. From these results, the safety of the herbs irradiated with gamma rays at practical doses could be revealed in further tests of genotoxicity in vivo, chronic and reproductive toxiceity.

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