• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.67 no.6
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• pp.643-658
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• 2018

In this paper, we introduce a new framework for running the finite element (FE) packages inside an online Loop together with MATLAB. Contrary to the Hardware-in-the-Loop techniques (HiL), in the proposed Software-in-the-Loop framework (SiL), the FE package represents a simulation platform replicating the real system which can be out of access due to several strategic reasons, e.g., costs and accessibility. Practically, SiL for sophisticated structural design and multi-physical simulations provides a platform for preliminary tests before prototyping and mass production. This feature may reduce the new product's costs significantly and may add several flexibilities in implementing different instruments with the goal of shortlisting the most cost-effective ones before moving to real-time experiments for the civil and mechanical systems. The proposed SiL interconnection is not limited to ABAQUS as long as the host FE package is capable of executing user-defined commands in FORTRAN language. The focal point of this research is on using the compiled FORTRAN subroutine as a messenger between ABAQUS/CAE kernel and MATLAB Engine. In order to show the generality of the proposed scheme, the limitations of the available SiL schemes in the literature are addressed in this paper. Additionally, all technical details for establishing the connection between FEM and MATLAB are provided for the interested reader. Finally, two numerical sub-problems are defined for offline and online post-processing, i.e., offline optimization and closed-loop system performance analysis in control theory.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.730-741
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• 2005

Layered Architecture is a kind of nodule decomposition techniques, which decomposes a program by generality This paper proposes a ]aver based method for recovering layered architecture from object-oriented program and checking conformance against architectural document. To specify the rules for layered style in object-oriented program, we define a partially ordered set on modules by module use relationship and module layer relationship by module override relationship. The meaning of module layer relationship is explained with an example from design patterns. Steps to recover layered architecture from program are described and a metamodel for the recovery is proposed. Architecture recovery is performed on source codes from open-source software project, and the implication of parts that do not conform to its architectural document is discussed. As a result of checking, it is pointed out that, although the parts are considered allowable exceptions of layered architecture, their modifications should be controlled carefully.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.30 no.3_4
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• pp.185-201
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• 2003

The business component for satisfying a variety of domain requirements should be developed to provide a variety. But, although components are developed by analyzing the variety of requirements when they are developed, developing components that satisfy all requirements is not easy since unexpected requirements occur as it is used components. For this reason, components are not provided as black boxes but as white boxes, and there by components are not modified in the interface only but the source codes are directly modified. Accordingly, a Time-To-Market by the use of components is not easy and a reusability of the components also decreases. This study proposes a customization technique that can be satisfied requirements of many different kinds of domains by analyzing variable spots of components. The initial variability of components is designed in the component development phase. and a customization technique is used to apply the variability. The variability can be redesigned during the development of application by using the components to which the variability is applied. Through this process, a variability of components evolves and a generality of the components can be improved. The proposing customization technique in this study can change the component to extend without changing the existing component when it is redesigned.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.251-254
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• 2006

The application of reflex media in education has been widely used in the aspects of teaching & learning method, humanitarian education and the culture of school lives. It has been resulted from the generality of the applicable scope within conveying the information, propagation velocity, and the efficiency of the amount of conveyable information through the reflex. To utilize this kind of efficiency of reflex media in producing new graduation culture, I intend to show students the graduate reflex including their 3years' school lives and try to find out its effect from them. And then with this result I have studied the changes of the students behavior in the graduation ceremony. As a result I can notice that the intent of graduation reflex which aims to look back into their past and keep in mind it has been reflected to students. In addition I can ascertain their friendship and love for their school have been lifted while watching the reflex with laugh and cry.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.117-143
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• 2014

Tracing an evolutionary technological trajectory in the macroscopic viewpoint is useful for technology policy, but not for corporate technology and intellectual property strategy. Tackling this issue, recent bibliometric studies using patents and papers have made efforts to identify more specific and detailed technological trajectory. However, these studies cannot go beyond simple description of the past trajectory. Also, identification of technology fusion and evolution relies on experts judgments. We suggest a way of identifying microscopic evolutionary technological trajectories by combining patent citation network analysis with dynamic technology tree. Also, using new indicators of generality, diversity and novelty, we can detect key technologies that can be a starting point of next generation technology and derivative technology. HVDC(High Voltage DC transmission) system technology is exemplified.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.119-143
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• 2010

Local administrative districts in Japan have extensively reformed over the last 10 years and have decreased by 40 percent. This study examines the process of the municipal mergers in Japan from the perspective of the politics of space, in addition to a focus on the formation of Tobichi (enclaves). The background and progress of municipal mergers in Japan revealed that the reformation of administrative districts progressed under 'restruction' rather than 'decentralization' to manage a financial crisis of government. As a result, the municipal mergers of Japan have progressed in spatiotemporal inequality. The municipal mergers of the study areas are analyzed in multi-dimensional spatial politics composed of financial and demographic properties, locationality, territoriality, placeness, and the politics of decision making. Administrative districts have a spatial property; the reformation of them should be considered with the specialty and generality of the region.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.29-40
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• 1987

This paper aims at investigating the characteristics of soil deformation by finite element method (FEM) coupling the cap model with the multi.purpose program developed by authors for the analysis of foundation displacement. The cap model as the constitutive equation has proved to be very useful to a partially saturated roils as well as rocks with high accuracy. As described in the Previous Paper (Park et al 1987) , there exist some difficulties in the determination of soil parameters in order to use the cap model at Present. However the authors have been studying to seek the method for the determination of the soil parameters from the laboratory results of conventional cylindrical triaxial test. Though the computer program advocated by foreign scholars has been kept secret, authors accomplished in performing the FEM analysis by the algorithm and program developed by authors for the cap model. Good results are obtained compared with those published already by Desai(1981) The main conclusions analyzed are as follows: 1. The cap model can be coupled with the multi.purpose computer program of authors bases on the Biot's consolidation theory without loss of generality. 2. Big difference appears in the settlement of center of the embankment between the cap modes and the modified Cam clay model in undrained conditions. The more study on which is more accurate should be performed in this respect.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.207-215
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• 2004

The PLC programming by IEC1131-3 is hard to handle to ordinary users as well as professionals. Also it has not a generality, so that it couldn't be debugging some logic errors easily. In order to be adapted for such environment, In this paper, I have developed the ISPLC(Intelligent Agent System based Software Programmable Logic Controller). In ISPLC system, LD programmed by a user is converted to the C code which can be used in a commercial editor such as Visual C++. The detection of logical errors in C code is more effective than PLC programming itself. ISPLC provides the GUI-based interface in web environment and an easy programming platform to such beginners as well as professionals. The study of code conversion of LD to IL as well as IL to C is firstly tried in the world as well as KOREA. To show the effectiveness of the developed system, I applied it to a practical case, a real time traffic control system. ISPLC is minimized the error debugging and programming time owing to be supported by windows application programs.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.85-109
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• 2014

Mediation and Arbitration are two distinct ADR processes. Their dissimilarity lies in the principle that in mediation the parties themselves decide what the resolution to the problem is, whereas in arbitration the arbitrator makes that determination. Med-Arb, hybrid of the two methods, is a fairly new ADR process dating back to the 1970s. Med-Arb capitalizes on the advantages of both mediation and arbitration, while eliminating many of their disadvantages. Mediation has the advantage of allowing for resolutions rather than decisions. Arbitration has the advantage of guaranteeing that the matter will be resolved when the procedure is over. In Med-Arb, the participants agree to be parties to mediation, and if the mediation comes to an impasse, a final settlement will be reached through arbitration. This study first explicates the origin and the development of Med-Arb in the United States. This study shows that the emergence of Med-Arb is benefited from the fact that arbitration has lost its own advantages ie, speed, cost-saving, and maintenance of an ongoing relationship between the disputants. Second, this study analyzes four cases in which Med-Arb is applied to various kinds of disputes as a tool of dispute resolution: labor disputes, entertainment disputes, will disputes, and international commercial disputes, consecutively. All those case studies show the generality of Med-Arb as a dispute resolution channel. Third, this study compares the advantages and disadvantages of Med-Arb. Finally, this study discusses the implications of Med-Arb. In particular it provides the universality of this hybrid form of dispute resolution in the East and West. For example, we show that China has its own distinctive Med-Arb system, where it has developed from ancient Confucian philosophy. Japan also emphasizes the role of an arbitrator who settles the disputes in the course of arbitration. The domestic arbitration rules of the Korean Commercial Arbitration Board (KCAB) have a similar process in that arbitration contains an element of conciliation. With regard to the universal characteristics of Med-Arb, it is necessary to analyze the pros and cons of Med-Arb at a deeper level in the future. One caveat is that it is necessary to handle the issues of the neutrality of the mediator-arbitrator.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2007

As the world has been forming the global village and the cultures of each country are exchanged, the unique cultural specialty of each country high been merged with the generality in the world. The increasing interest on the oriental world and the globalization recently brings the fusion form of oriental and occidental cultures. In such a global trend, it is our challenge to find out the traditional beauty and the design factors of Korea for the new challenge and development of Korean fashion and to develop the most Korean and global design by interpreting them in a modem sense. It is the Era of the Three States when an of official hat among the personal ornaments of Korea was firstly described on the literature, including the literature of ancient China and Chronicles of Three States and Heritage of Three States of Korea. Those literatures clarified that the people in Goguryeo Baekje, Silla and Gaya decorated themselves with gold, silver and jade. Furthermore, since various kinds of ornaments have been excavated, they shown the development of metal craft in the Era of Three States. This study aim to exploit the design motives among the gold crown elements among the ornaments during the Era of Three States, interpret them in a modem expression, develop the textile design using the Adobe photoshop and suggest the application approaches by applying them to the clothing design.