• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.205-213
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• 2007

In this paper, the normal mixture model subjected to general linear restriction for component-means based on linear regression is proposed, and its fitting method by EM algorithm and Lagrange multiplier is provided. This model is applied to gene clustering of microarray expression data, which demonstrates it has very good performances for real data set. This model also allows to obtain the clusters that an analyst wants to find out in the fashion that the hypothesis for component-means is represented by the design matrices and the linear restriction matrices.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.947-965
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• 2010

The main purpose of this paper is using estimates for character sums and analytic methods to study the mean value involving the incomplete character sums, 2-th power mean of the inversion of Dirichlet L-function and general Kloosterman sums, and give four interesting asymptotic formulae for it.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.89-99
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• 2006

This article deals with the problem of estimating parameters of Burr Type XII distribution, on the basis of a general progressive Type II censored sample using Bayesian viewpoints. The maximum likelihood estimator does not admit closed form but explicit sharp lower and upper bounds are provided. Assuming squared error loss and linex loss functions, Bayes estimators of the parameter k, the reliability function, and the failure rate function are obtained in closed form. Finally, a simulation study is also included.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.71-76
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• 1998

By assuming a general progressive Type-II censored sample, we propose the minimum risk estimator (MRE) of the location parameter and the scale parameter of the two-parameter exponential distribution. An example is given to illustrate the methods of estimation discussed in this paper.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.03a
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• pp.1466-1472
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• 2010

In order to construct extremely large scale of sea dike like Saemanguem dike, extremely large amount of mass of rock are needed. In this case, it is general methods to estimate required amount of rock mass based on characteristics of consolidation settlement and bearing capacity of seabed, because it is impossible to estimate exact amount of rock material based on varied seabed condition.. Even in this general methods, it is very few case to manage rock mass amount by estimation of actual input rock mass but the main point is focused on the final section formation considering of designed section and reserve embankment, so excessive or underestimating result of rock mass would be occurred surely. This general methods is not resonable in the points of economic and stable. In this study, optimum construction management method of rubble mound in the 3rd section construction of Saemanguem sea dike is suggested based on comparing required rock mass estimating from consolidation settlement theory with actual input rock mass. It is found out that the optimum input quantity of rock mass is about $1,900{\sim}2,000m^3$/day.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.26-35
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to set the strategy that clinical nurses can efficiently cope with the stress from bereavement care, by examining and analyzing stress factors and coping methods of nurses' bereavement care. Methods: A total of 628 nurses were recruited from four university hospitals, two cancer specialized hospitals, and three public hospitals. Stress was measured using the bereavement care stress measurement tool, and coping was done using the cope with stress scale. Results: The stress level about bereavement care of the nurses working in the cancer unit was significantly higher than the level of the nurses working in the general unit. However, there was no difference of coping level between nurses working in cancer unit and general unit. Conclusions: It is important to ensure the methods that contrive to perform bereavement care efficiently by generating hospice nurses and by activating the system for nurses specialist who perform bereavement care.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.92-104
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the types of violence and coping methods experienced by general hospital nurses. Methods: Data were collected from March 17 to 24, 2014, using self-report questionnaires. Responses from 449 nurses were analyzed. Results: The majority of the respondents experienced violence from patients, visitors, doctors, and other nurses. Verbal violence was more frequent than physical threats and physical violence. Most violence happened in ERs, followed by surgical units, and ICUs. The most frequent response by nurses after violence was an emotional response, especially 'anger' ($4.01{\pm}1.059$). Based on general characteristics, the responses were significant for professional experience (F=2.935, p=.013) and work areas (F=2.290, p=.021). The most frequent coping method for nurses after violence had occurred was to 'just complete their duties as if nothing happened'. Conclusion: Most nurses are exposed to frequent violence, but they feel defenseless. These results suggest that hospital should improve the respective organizational cultures and develop promotional programs and administrative policies to prevent violence. In addition, educational programs should be provided for nurses to improve their attitudes and abilities to cope with violence. Also, hospitals should offer sufficient support, stress reduction programs and counseling programs for nurses.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2015

Background: Dental injury as a result of oroendotracheal intubation during general anesthesia is very common. We report our experiences of using mouthguard to prevent dental injury during intubation based on our protocol. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients referred for preanesthetic evaluation, those patients with a history of any of the dental treatments to their anterior teeth listed on our fabrication protocol from January 1, 2009 to June 30, 2010. Results: No cases of dental trauma during oroendotracheal intubation were reported among the 202 patients who used a protective device. 66% of the patients had risk factors for hard tissue damage aged 10-40 years. At the ages of 40-70 years, the incidence of risk group for periodontal damage was higher. Conclusions: Preanesthetic consultation was effective for preventing dental injury, so preanesthetic questionnaire and proper dental consultation would be helpful.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.104-108
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was designed to confirm whether the paracentric inversions of fetuses and parents may be harmless. Materials and methods: We report 10 cases (0.14%) with paracentric inversions among 7,181 prenatal cases observed during prenatal diagnosis performed at Cheil General Hospital between January 2009 and June 2013. We used cytogenetic GTL- and RBG-banding techniques. Results: Of the 10 cases, nine cases were transmitted from each of the parents, and one case was de novo. Nine cases were phenotypically normal up to one month of age after birth. One case was lost to follow-up. We present prenatal diagnosis and follow-up examination of the fetuses with paracentric inversion. Conclusion: Based on our cases, most paracentric inversions are considered to be harmless. The precise identification of paracentric inversions might be clinically important and helpful for genetic counseling.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.227-236
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to reduce the remake rate of dental prosthesis. We examined remake cause and major factor of dental prosthesis to determine methods for raising dental prosthesis satisfaction. Methods: Subjects included dental technicians in the metropolitan areas of the cities of Daegu and Gyeong-buk. Surveys were filled out by consenting dental technicians. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 19.0 for Windows. We determined frequencies and percentage, calculating means, and standard deviations, and determining statistical significance using t-tests, analysis of variance. Results: Impression or material transform is high among remake cause and margin is high among remake major factor. Crown class showed differences in General characteristics associated with age, number of employees, and number of connection dental. Porcelain class showed differences in General characteristics associated with age, number of employees, and number of connection dental. Denture class showed differences in General characteristics associated with age, monthly salaray, and career. Implant class showed differences in General characteristics associated with age, education, and career. Conclusion: In order to reduce remake rate of dental prosthesis, communication of dentist, dental technician, and the patient are require and correct information of patient and dental prosthesis are need.