• 대한본초학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2016

Objectives： This study is experimental comparison of brown rice (BR) and germinated brown rice (GBR) on upper gastrointestinal diseases animal models.Methods： The ICR mice were divided randomly into four groups of six animals each (Normal mice, gastritis mice, gastritis mice treated with BR, gastritis mice treated with 48h GBR). Gastritis was induced by administration of 0.5 mL 150 mM HCl-60% ethanol. Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 7 groups after 1 week adaptation. (Normal rat, reflux esophagitis (RE) rat, RE rat treated with BR, RE rat treated with 24,30,36,48h GBR). Reflux esophagitis was induced by ligation with a 2-0 silk thread both the pylorus and the transitional junction between the forestomach and the corpus in SD rats.Results： HCl/ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury mice were ameliorated mucosal damage upon histological evaluation by treatment of 48h GBR than BR. Optical changes such as hyperemia and multiple erosions were observed in the rats with RE and damage to the normal rats was not apparent. The oral administration of GBR significantly diminished against gross mucosal damage in a germination time-dependent manner. Also, the administration of GBR suppressed the biomarker of oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and produces peroxynitrite (ONOO-) in serum. However, the administration of GBR could not affect to the pH level secreted from stomach when compared with Control group.Conclusions： These findings suggest that GBR could have improving effects on upper gastrointestinal diseases in a germination time-dependent manner.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.318-324
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• 2000

We have examined inhibitory erects on gasritis using omeprazole-cholestyramine resinate, which has been developed to increase the stability of omeprazole, the well-known proton pump inhibitor, in an acidic condition. To test the pharmacological action of this, we investigated the effect of omeprazole-cholestyramine resinate on indomethacin-induced gastritis in rats. Omeprazole was used as a reference drug. Orally administered omeprazole-cholestyramine resinate inhibited the indomethacin-induced gastritis in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of omeprazole-cholestyramine resinate on the gastritis was similar to that of reference drug. In addition, rectal adminstration of the omeprazole-cholestyramine resinate inhibited the indomethacin-induced gastritis in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of omeprazole-cholestyramine resinate was equipotent to reference drug. The basal gastric acid secretion was decreased when it was administered either orally or rectally. This inhibition of omfprazole-cholestyramine resinate was similar to that of omeprazole. These data suggest that omeprazole-cholestyramine resinate inhibit the gastritis in rats, and are comparable to omeprazole available in market.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1549-1554
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• 2007

To verify the effects of JAUN-1, which is a water-extracted herbal mixture, on gastroenteric disorders induced by 0.1 percent of iodoacetamide (IA) in rats. We divided four groups, $Na{\"{\i}}ve$ + Distilled Water (DW), 0.1% IA + DW, 0.1% IA + Proton pump inhibitor (Lansoprazole, 5 mg/kg) and 0.1% IA + Herbal mixture (JAUN-1, 50mg/kg) and performed following experimental methods to confirm its advantageous effects against ulcerogenic stomach in rats induced by 0.1% IA; cell cytotoxicity, analysis of lesions score, Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) stain, RT-PCR for ${\beta}-actin$, COX-1 and COX-2 and evaluation of intestinal prokinetic activity. No cytotoxicity was elucidated at the concentration of 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, $500\;{\mu}g/ml$ and 1mg/ml JAUN-1 through MTT Assay using by human stomach epithelial AGS cells, respectively. In addition, the JAUN-1 treated group and the lansoprazole treated group significantly decreased in lesions score compared to the DW treated group in the gastritis induced rat model, and results of immunohistochemistry by H&E staining showed that histological recovery in Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) and JAUN-1 treated groups rather than the DW administrated group. Another outcome was that ${\beta}-actin$ relative COX-2 expression level was significantly promoted in the DW treated group while ${\beta}-actin$ relative COX-1 expression level was no meaningful change in this rat model. Finally, intestinal prokinetic activity was recovered from low level of prokinetic activity due to 0.1% IA induced gastritis to the similar level of Normal group. These results suggested that JAUN-1 may have beneficial effects against 0.1% IA-induced gastritis rat model through decreasing lesions score, histological recovery, ${\beta}-actin$ relative COX-1, 2 expression level and prokinetic activity.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2000년도 NEW STRATEGY FOR DRUG DEVELOPMENT IN POST-GENOMIC ERA(대한약학회)
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• pp.142.2-143
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• 2000

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.1017-1024
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물(LJF-HE)의 흰쥐모델에서 인도메타신으로 유발되어지는 위염에 대한 억제효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물 투여그룹(LJF-HE-L, LJF-HE-M, LJF-HE-H)에서 염증길이와 위액량이 control 그룹에 비하여 통계적으로 유의하게 감소한 결과를 얻었다. 또한 위액량의 유의적인 감소효과로 위산분비가 억제되어 공격인자 작용이 약해지는 원인과 펩신의 활성도를 낮추는 원인으로 인하여 위염발생을 억제하는 것으로 판단되어진다. 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물(LJF-HE)의 위산 분비 억제 기능은 gastrin 및 histamine에 의해 발현되는 CCK-2r와 H2r 유전자의 발현을 억제하여, gastrin 및 histamine에 의한 위산 생성 단계를 조절하여, proton pump인 H+/K+ ATPase 유전자 발현을 억제시키며, 그 결과로 인하여 위산 분비를 억제하는 것으로 판단되어진다. 그리고 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물은 점액을 증가시켜 위 점막을 보호하는 PGE2의 함량을 높여, 위 점막 보호 기능을 나타내고 있으며, 더불어 염증성 cytokine인 TNF-${\alpha}$와 IL-$1{\beta}$의 생성을 낮춰주어 염증 매개반응을 저해하는 것으로 판단되어진다. 이와 같은 결과를 종합하면 까마귀쪽나무열매추출물(LJF-HE)이 인도메타신으로 유발되어지는 위염에 대한 억제효과가 있는 것으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2014

In the present study, red ginseng extracts were fermented by Paecilomyces tenuipes and the protopanaxdiol-type ginsenosides in the extracts were bio-transformed to F2, Rg3, Rg5, Rk1, Rh2, and CK determined by a high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis. It indicates that P. tenuipes is a microorganism to biotransform protopanaxdiol-type ginsenosides to their less glucosidic metabolites. Other biotransformed metabolites during fermentation were also analyzed using a GC-MS and identified as 2-methyl-benzaldehyde, 4-vinyl-2-methylphenol, palmitic acid, and linoleic acid. Antiulcerogenic activity of the fermented red ginseng extract (FRGE) on gastric mucosal damage induced by 0.15 M HCl in ethanol in rats was evaluated. FRGE was shown to have a potent protective effect on gastritis with 60.5% of inhibition rate at the dose of 40 mg/kg when compared to 54.5% of the inhibition rate at the same dose for stillen, the currently used medicine for treating gastritis. Linoleic acid showed a strong inhibition on gastritis with 79.3% of inhibition rate at the dose of 40.0 mg/kg. FRGE exhibited a distinct anticancer activity including growth inhibition of the two human colon cancer cells HT29 and HCT116. HT29 cells were less susceptible to FRGE in comparison with HCT116 cells. Taken together, fungal fermentation of the red ginseng extract induced hydrolysis of some ginsenosides and FRGE exhibited potent antiulcerogenic and anticancer activities. These results refer to use FRGE as a new source for treating human diseases.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.484-489
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• 2006

This Study evaluated the inhibitory action of $luteolin-7-O-{\beta}-D-glucuronopyranoside$, luteolin which was isolated from Salix gilgiana leaves, and omeprazole on reflux esophagitis and gastritis in rats. Reflux esophagitis and gastritis were induced surgically and by the administration of indomethacin, respectively. The intraduodenal administration of $luteolin-7-O-{\beta}-D-glucuronopyranoside$ decreased the ulcer index, injury area, gastric volume and acid output, and increased the gastric pH compared with luteolin. $Luteolin-7-O-{\beta}-D-glucuronopyranoside$ significantly decreased the size of the gastric lesions that had been induced by exposing the gastric mucosa to indomethacin. The malondialdehyde content, which is the end product of lipid peroxidation, was increased significantly after inducing of reflux esophagitis. The malondialdehyde content was decreased by $Luteolin-7-O-{\beta}-D-glucuronopyranoside$ but not luteolin or omeprazole. $Luteolin-7-O-{\beta}-D-glucuronopyranoside$ has a more potent antioxidative effect than luteolin. $Luteolin-7-O-{\beta}-D-glucuronopyranoside$ is a promising drug for the treatment of reflux esophagitis and gastritis.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2020

Objectives : Pyeongwi-san is widely used in Korean medicine for acute indigestion or gastrodynia. As a therapeutic agent for digestive diseases of modern people, in order to confirm the mechanism of Pyeongwi-san on digestive tract disease and the difference of therapeutic efficacy between its formulation, a comparative efficacy test was conducted on digestive tract disease animal model. Methods : For LPS enteritis animal model, male SD rats were intraorally treated with different formulation types of Pyeongwi-san, and then intraperitoneally administered LPS one hour later to induce enteritis. After 5 hours, blood was collected and TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE2 were confirmed by ELISA. For acute gastritis animal model, male SD rats were intraorally treated with different formulation types of Pyeongwi-san according to the prescribed concentration, and then intraorally administered 60% ethanol and 150 mM HCl one hour later to induce acute gastritis. After 5 hours, blood was collected and TNFα,IL-6 were confirmed by ELISA. Results : In the LPS-administered enteritis animal model, Pyeongwi-san decreased TNFα, IL-1β, PGE2 and especially IL-6. Pyeongwi-san also decreased IL-6 in acute gastritis animal model. In addition, there was no significant difference in efficacy between the two formulations when compared with inflammatory markers. Conclusions : The efficacy of Pyeongwi-san was confirmed in the inflammatory markers related to digestive inflammatory diseases, and the efficay between two formulations of Pyeongwi-san was relatively similar. Further studies are needed to investigate the new applicability of Pyeongwi-san on different inflammatory diseases that have similar inflammation markers identified in this experiment.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1769-1776
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• 2012

노루궁뎅이 버섯 균사체를 인진쑥 배지에 배양시킨 배양물(HEAC)을 여러 농도의 에탄올-물의 용액으로 추출하고, 쥐에서 위염 유발시약(0.15 M 염산-에탄올 용액)에 의한 위점막 손상에 대하여 추출물들의 위염 억제효과실험을 실시하였다. 그 중 80% 에탄올 추출물은 위염에 대하여 67.7%로 우수한 억제효과를 나타내었다. 용매별 분획으로 HEAC의 80%에탄올 추출물을 노르말 헥산, 염화메틸렌, 초산에틸, 노르말 부탄올과 증류수를 이용하여 5가지 분획으로 분리하였다. 그 결과, 노르말 헥산과 염화메틸렌 분획들이 위염에 대하여 우수한 억제효과를 나타내었다. 이에 따라 염화메틸렌 추출물에 대하여 GC/MS, HPLC, IR and NMR($^1H$, $^{13}C$)을 이용하여 생리활성 주성분의 구조를 확인한 결과 ethyl linoleate임을 확인하였다. 또한, HEAC의 80% 에탄올 추출물과 ethyl linoleate의 $ED_{50}$값이 각각 22.6과 6.4 mg/kg을 나타내어 대조약제인 stillen (44.2 mg/kg)과 selbex (46.5 mg/kg) 보다 우수한 억제효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 그러므로, HEAC의 80% 에탄올 추출물과 ethyl linoleate는 염산-에탄올에 의하여 유발된 위염에 대하여 우수한 억제효과를 가지고 있으며, 새로운 위염, 위궤양 치료제로 개발될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.136-142
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• 2019

Background: Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of hematuresis and uterine bleeding in Korea. It has been reported to have anti-obesity, anti-diabetes and anti-inflammaotry effect by regulating the inflammatory signaling pathway. However, the preventive effect of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb on gastritis has not been elucidated. Thus, in the present study, we evaluated the effects of the water extract of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb (APW) using HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis rat models. Method and Results: Gastritis was induced in rats by HCl/EtOH administration. The rats in each group were orally administered with two doses of APW (100 and 500 mg/kg). Omeprazole was used as a positive control drug. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) levels in stomach. The treatment with 500 mg/kg APW reduced the gastric ulcer area. The APW treatment prevented a decreased in $PGE_2$ concentration induced by HCl/EtOH in rats. In the micronucleus test, the ratio of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes to polychromatic erythrocytes showed no significant change in the APW-treated group compared with the control group. Conclusions: These results indicate that APW could be used to prevent the gastritis caused by the HCl/EtOH-induced damage to stomach lining. In addition, the APW treatment showed no significant change in results of the micronucleus test. However, further experiments are required to determine how APW influenced the secretion of mucus and gastric acid using the chromosome aberration test and bacterial reverse mutation assay.