• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2004

The objective of the paper is to demonstrate the noise reduction characteristics of an air-gap resonator, which is composed of an air gap and a partition sheet. By means of installing the air-gap resonator in an enclosed cavity, acoustic resonance can be effectively suppressed using a small space. In particular, it is revealed from a simple, one-dimensional model that the air-gap resonator serves as the Helmholtz resonator that generally absorbs acoustic resonance energy at its resonance frequency. As a result, the air-8ap resonator also has a resonance frequency, which can be predicted with a simple frequency equation derived in the paper. Finally, verification experiments show that the air-gap resonator can be effectively designed by predicting a reasonable gap thickness using the simple frequency-equation.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2012년도 제38회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.342-349
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• 2012

고 에너지 물질 초음속 화염의 전파에 대한 gap의 효과를 이해하기 위하여 characteristic acoustic impedance theory와 수치해석이 적용되었다. 여러 개의 gap이 위치하고 있는 화약의 한 끝에 초음속 화염이 발생되도록 하여, 여러 gap에 전파되나가는 연속적인 화염에 대한 이해를 시도 하였다. 현재의 높은 차원의 다물질 해석은 SNU-Hydropack code에 포함되어 있는 복잡한 경계면 추적 알고리즘의 타당성에 대한 의미 있는 결과를 제시했다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.195-219
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• 2015

A partial (hybrid) seismic isolation scheme for precast girder bridges in the form of a "buffer-gap-elastomeric bearings" system has been endorsed in the literature as an efficient seismic design system. However, no guides exist to detail an optimal gap size for different configurations. A numerical study is established herein for different scenarios according to Euro code seismic requirements in order to develop guidelines for the selection of optimal buffer-gap arrangements for various design cases. Various schemes are hence designed for ductile and limited ductility behavior of the bridge piers for different seismic demand levels. Seven real ground records are selected to perform incremental dynamic analysis of the bridges up to failure. Bridges with typical short and high piers are studied; and different values of initial gaps at piers are also investigated varying from a zero gap (i.e., fully locked) condition up to an initial gap at piers that is three quarters the gap left at abutments. Among the main conclusions is that the as-built initial gaps at piers (and especially large gap sizes that are ${\geq}1/2$ as-built gaps at abutments) do not practically reduce the seismic design demand and do not affect the reserve capacity of the bridge against failure for bridges featuring long piers, especially when these bridges are designed a priori for ductile behavior. To the contrary, the "buffer-gap-elastomeric bearings" system is more effective for the bridge schemes with short piers having a large difference between the stiffness of the bearings and that of their supporting (much stiffer) squat piers, particularly for designs with limited ductility. Such effectiveness is even amplified for the case of larger initial as-built gap sizes at piers.

• 공업화학
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.284-290
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• 2020

Energetic thermoplastic elastomers (ETPEs) based on glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) and carboxylated GA copolymers [GAP-ETPE and poly(GA-carboxylate)-ETPEs] were synthesized using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL), 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD), and soft segment oligomers such as GAP and poly(GA-carboxylate). The synthesized GAP-ETPE and poly(GA-carboxylate)-ETPEs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), universal testing machine (UTM), calorimetry and sensitivity towards friction and impact. DSC and TGA results showed that the introduction of carboxylate group in GAP helped to have better thermal properties. Glass transition temperatures of poly(GA-carboxylate)-ETPEs decreased from -31 ℃ to -33 ℃ compared to that of GAP-ETPE (-29 ℃). The first thermal decomposition temperature in poly(GA_0.8-octanoate_0.2)-ETPE (242 ℃) increased in comparison to that of GAP-ETPE (227 ℃). Furthermore, from calorimetry data, poly(GA-carboxylate)-ETPEs exhibited negative formation enthalpies (-6.94 and -7.21 kJ/g) and higher heats of combustion (46713 and 46587 kJ/mol) compared to that of GAP-ETPE (42,262 kJ/mol). Overall, poly(GA-carboxylate)-ETPEs could be good candidates for a polymeric binder in solid propellant due to better energetic, mechanical and thermal properties in comparison to those of GAP-ETPE. Such properties are beneficial to application and processing of ETPE.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.344-357
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• 1995

핵연료 소결체와 피복관 사이의 간극 크기에 크게 좌우되는 간극 열전도도는 연료봉내 초기 저장에너지 양에 중요한 영향을 끼친다. 정상상태 계산용 ELESTRES 코드에서 사용 중인 수정된 Ross-Stoute 의 간극 열전도도 모델은 단순한 열적 변형 모델에 기초한다. 최근의 실험에서 핵연료 소결체가 연소됨에 따라서 균열, 소결체 재배열 등이 발생되고, 피복관 내부의 편심에 위치하게 된다는 것이 알려졌다. 본 논문에서는, 최근에 제안된 편심형 간극 모델과 소결체 재배열형 간극 모델 등이 기술되었고, 실험 조건과 중수로 핵연료봉의 운전조건 하에서의 소결체와 피복관 사이의 간극 열전도도를 계산하는데 이용되었다. 실험 치와 계산치가 잘 일치됨으로써, 수정된 Ross-Stoute 모델이 ELESTRES 코드 내에서 사용된 열전달 관련 가정들과 잘 부합됨을 보여 주었다. 출력 경계곡선을 따라서 수정된 Ross-Stoute 모델로 계산된 간극내 열전달과 핵연료 표면 온도 등이 편심형 간극 모델과 소결체 재배열형 간극모델에 의한 예측치보다 보수적이었다.

• 정보과학회 논문지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.361-366
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• 2015

틈(Gap) 파싱은 완전하지 않고 틈이 있는 입력 스트링에 대한 구문 분석을 수행한다. 이런 틈 파싱에 관한 기존 연구로서 임의의 문법에 대한 단일 틈 파싱 알고리즘과 LL(1) 문법에 대한 단일 틈 파싱 알고리즘이 제안되었으며, 이들의 시간복잡도는 각각 $O(n^3)$와 $O(n^2)$이다. 본 논문에서는 확장된 PLR(1) 문법에 대한 단일 틈 파싱 알고리즘을 제안한다. 확장된 PLR(1) 문법은 LR(1) 문법의 부분 클래스이지만 LL(1) 문법보다는 휠씬 넒은 범위의 문법 클래스이다. 이 문법 클래스에 대한 단일 틈 파싱 알고리즘이 LL(1) 문법에 대한 기존에 알려진 단일 틈 파싱 알고리즘의 복잡도와 동일한 $O(n^2)$임을 보인다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2004

The laser welding and its analysis of thin-sheet carbon steels were carried out with high power $CO_{2}$ laser. The main factor of weld quality of laser welding is gap and edge quality. This work was preformed to focus on the gap tolerance problem during laser welding. First, bead on plate welding of thin sheet was examined to investigate the effect of laser welding variables, and to obtain optimum welding condition. Butt welding was also carried out to show the effect of gap on the laser weldability of thin sheet. In order to investigate the effect of gap on formability of welded thin sheet, LDH test was caried out. At high welding speed, the partial penetration was obtained by low heat input. Otherwise, porosity was formed in the bead at low weld speed because of too much heat input. The optimum welding condition of welding was derived from bead width, penetration and hardness property. The maximum gap tolerance on laser welding was observed to be about 0.2mm. This gap size has good relationship with beam size of laser spot(about 0.3mm). The formability of welded sheet was about $80{\%}$ value of base metal and the gap size has not affected on the formability, although weld quality is dependent on the gap size.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1993년도 제1회 추계심포지움 and 제2회 생리분자과학연구센터워크숍
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• pp.28-33
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• 1993

Regulation of nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neuronal differentiation by GTPase activating protein(GAP) and its mechanism were investigated in rat pheochromocytoma cell line, PCl2. Overexpression of GAP caused the delay in the onset of neurite outgrowth of PCl2 eel Is in response to NGF. GAP has been known to inhibit p21$\^$ras/, the activated form of which induces neuronal differentiation. Therefore, the activity of p21$\^$ras/ was compared in control cells and cells overexpressing GAP indirectly by measuring the activities of B-Raf and MAP kinase that are known to be positively regulated by p21$\^$ras/. Surprisingly, NGF-induced activities of these two proteins were the same in control eells and GAP-overexpressing cells. Activities of Trk, PLC-r and SMC that act at a site upstream to p21$\^$ras/ in NGF signal transduction pathway were not also affected by GAP overexpression. Interestingly, however, the extent of tyrosine phosphorylation of SNT was found to be remarkably low in cells overexpressing GAP. It has been shown previously that neurotrophins and not mitogens induce SNT tyrosine phosphorylation in PCl2 cells. Thus it is possible that the timing of NGF-induced neuronal differntiation may be in part regulated by SNT and the slower onset of neurite outgrowth in cells overexpressing GAP may be through the inhibition of SNT by GAP.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2014

이 연구는 디지털 유방확대촬영술에서 방사선 피폭을 감소시키며 영상의 질을 유지하기 위한 최적의 촬영조건을 알아보았다. 자동노출방식의 평균유선선량이 수동노출방식에 비해 높은 것으로 나타났다. 자동노출방식은 그리드(grid) 사용 여부에 따라 평균유선선량과 화질평가에 차이가 많았으나, 수동노출방식은 팬텀영상평가 점수에서만 차이가 있었다. 그러나 air gap technique을 사용할 경우 모든 노출방식에서 신호대잡음비의 증가가 뚜렷하게 나타났다. 따라서 유방확대촬영 시 air gap technique을 사용한다면 환자의 평균유선선량을 감소시키고 신호대잡음비를 높여 양질의 화질을 유지할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권4호통권97호
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• pp.37-45
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• 1999

Many automated welding equipment are used in the industry. However, there are some problems to get quality welds because of the geometric error, thermal distortion, and incorrect joint fit-up. These factors can make the gap between base plates in case of a thick plate welding. The welding product with the quality welds can not be obtained without consideration of the gap. In this paper, the robot path and welding conditions are modified to get the quality weld by detecting the position and size of the gap. In this work, a low-priced laser range sensor is used. The 3-dimensional information is obtained using the motion of a robot, which holds a laser range sensor. The position and size of the gap is calculated using signal processing of the measured 3-dimensional information of joint profile geometry. The data measured by a laser range sensor is segmented by an iterative end point method. The segmented data is optimized by the least square method. The existence of gap is detected by comparing the data with the segmented shape of template. The effects of robot measuring speed and gap size are also tested. The recognizability fo the gap is verified as good by comparing the real joint profile and the calculated joint profile using the signal processing.