• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.793-798
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• 2009

The objectives of this present study were to compare the contents and determine optimum extraction conditions for the rosmarinic acid (RA) and caffeic acid (CA) from leaves of Korean Perilla frutescens varieties. RA and CA from leaves of cv. Bora, a breeding line of P. frutescens were isolated and elucidated using various spectroscopic data. On the basis of 2 phenolic acids, optimum extraction conditions were obtained by employing 50% EtOH for 60 min at $25^{\circ}C$. We reported for the first time on the contents of RA and CA from leaves of 32 Korean varieties. Among them, leaves of P. frutescens Brit. var. acuta Kudo I exhibited the highest RA content ($8.53{\pm}0.57$ mg/g) and CA content ($2.33{\pm}0.11$ mg/g) showed the highest in the P. frutescens Brit. var. viridis Makino. Interestingly, average RA content ($2.66{\pm}0.17$ mg/g) showed a markedly higher than that of CA ($1.98{\pm}0.16$ mg/g) in Korean varieties. These results suggest that concentrations of the RA and CA in P. frutescens leaves could be a key factor in the selection process of a high quality species.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.135-144
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• 2015

The Korean daily intake of vegetable oils has increased about 2.5-fold from 17 g/day to 46 g/day for the last several decades. Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens) has been cultivated in Korea for a long time as a dietary oil seed which has the highest content of ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid, accounting for nearly 60%. It is known that the main role of ALA is as a precursor to the longer-chain ${\omega}-3$, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the metabolic products of ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid (ALA, ${\omega}-3$). Dietary ${\omega}-3$ fatty acids reduce inflammation and the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and arthritis, but they also may act as functional components for cognitive and behavioral function. Thus, ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid is one of the essential nutrients in modern dietary patterns in which much linoleic acid is consumed. Nevertheless, perilla oil, rich in ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid, can be easily oxidized, giving rise to controversies with respect to shelf life, the deterioration of the product's commercial value, and further related toxicity. Recent research using genetic modifications has tried to develop new plant oil seeds that balance the ratio of ${\omega}-6/{\omega}-3$ fatty acids. Such trials could be a strategy for improving an easily oxidizable property of perilla oil due to high ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid. Alternatively, appropriate application of antioxidant to the oil can be considerable.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.256-267
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the functional ingredients of Perilla Frutescens L. Britt extracts and to confirm the possibility of producing PVA nanofibers using extracts. Distilled water, 3% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and ethanol were used as extraction solvents. The electrospinning was carried out at a PVA concentration of 12%, an applied voltage of 10 kV and a tip to collector distance of 15cm. The contents of volatile substances, essential oils, total polyphenols and flavonoids of the extracts were measured to examine the constituents of functional materials. Flavor components and esters were identified in 3% sodium hydroxide and ethanol extracts. The content of polyphenols and flavonoids in ethanol extracts was higher than that of medicinal plants. 1wt.% of Tween 20 was added to disperse the essential oil components of the ethanol extract. Addition of a dispersant made it possible to produce a homogeneous mixture by having some compatibility with the ethanol extracts and the PVA molecule. When the concentration of the ethanol extract was 0.25 and 0.5wt%, relatively uniform PVA nanofiber having an average diameter of 350 to 365nm could be produced. The results of FT-IR, XRD and DSC analysis confirmed that Perilla Frutescens L. Britt ethanol extract was well mixed with PVA molecules and was electrospun.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2020

Background: The leaves of Perilla frutescens, commonly called perilla and used for food in Korea, contain components with a variety of biological effects and potential therapeutic applications. The purpose of this study was to identify the components of 70% ethanol extracted Perilla frutescens (EEPF) and determine its inhibitory effects on oral microbial activity and production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated Raw264.7 macrophages, consequently, to confirm the possibility of using EEPF as a functional component for improving the oral environment and preventing inflammation. Methods: One kg of P. frutescens leaves was extracted with 70% ethanol and dried at -70℃. EEPF was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, and antimicrobial activity against oral microorganisms was revealed using the disk diffusion test. Cell viability was elucidated using a methylthiazolydiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay, and the effect of EEPF on LPS-induced morphological variation was confirmed through microscopic observation. The effect of EEPF on LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory mediators, NO and PGE2 was confirmed by the NO assay and PGE2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The main component of EEPF was rosemarinic acid, and EEPF showed weak anti-bacterial and anti-fungal effects against microorganisms living in the oral cavity. EEPF did not show toxicity to Raw264.7 macrophages and had inhibitory effects on the morphological variations and production of pro-inflammatory mediators, NO and PGE2 in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 macrophages. Conclusion: EEPF can be used as a functional material for improving the oral environment through the control of oral microorganisms and for modulating inflammation by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.34-40
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• 2012

본 연구는 고기능성 들깻잎을 사용한 침출차 제조의 품질 극대화를 위한 최적볶음조건을 설정하기 위하여 볶음조건을 볶음온도($120-200^{\circ}C$)와 볶음시간(15-35 min)을 달리하면서 들깻잎 차의 항산화력과 생리활성성분을 분석하여 들깻잎의 품질변화를 모니터링하고 실험구간 내 볶음조건 별 종합적인 품질비교를 통하여 최적 볶음조건을 선정하였다. 볶음조건에 따른 페놀성 화합물 함량은 대체적으로 $160^{\circ}C$ 이하에서는 시간이 증가할수록 함량이 증가하였고 $160^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 온도가 상승할수록 함량이 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 페놀성 화합물 함량이 높은 볶음조건에서 자유라디칼 소거능 및 환원력 모두 우수한 항산화활성을 나타내었다. Caffeic acid 및 rosmarinic acid는 실험구간 내 낮은 온도에서는 시간이 증가할수록 함량이 증가하다가 대체적으로 온도가 상승할수록 감소하였다. 실험구간 내 볶음조건별 들깻잎의 품질 특성을 종합적으로 비교 분석한 결과, 고기능성 들깻잎을 이용한 침출차의 품질을 극대화하는 최적 볶음조건은 $180^{\circ}C$, 20 min로 선정되었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.762-772
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity using SSR marker and investigate the fatty acid composition of perilla (P. frutescens var. frutescens) germplasm. Genetic diversity among 95 accessions, which consisted of 29 weedy types and 66 landrace accessions, was evaluated based on 12 SSR markers carrying 91 alleles. The mean values of observed ($H_O$) and expected heterozygosities ($H_E$) were 0.574 and 0.640, respectively, indicating a considerable amount of polymorphism within this collection. A genetic distance-based phylogeny grouped into two distinct groups, which were the landrace, moderate and weedy type, genetic distance (GD) value was 0.609. The physicochemical traits about crude oil contents and fatty acid compositions were analyzed using GC. Among tested germplasm, the total average oil contents (%) showed a range from 28.57 to 49.67 %. Five fatty acids and their contents in the crude oils are as follows: ${\alpha}$-linolenic acid (41.12%-51.81%), linoleic acid (15.38%-16.43%), oleic acid (18.93%-27.28%), stearic acid (2.56%-4.01%), and palmitic acid (7.38%-10.77%). The average oil content of wild types was lower than landrace, and the oil content of middle genotype accessions was higher than other germplasm, but no significant variation between landrace and wild types was shown. Nevertheless, IT117174, landrace of Korea, was highest in crude oil content (47.11%) and linolenic acid composition (64.58%) among the used germplasm. These traits of the selected accessions will be helped for new functional plant breeding in perilla crop.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.265-272
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• 2011

This study is to generate SCARs markers for identification of Perilla species. A SCAR is a genomic DNA fragment at a single genetically defined locus that is identified by PCR amplification using a pair of specific oligonucleotide primers. We derived SCARs by sequencing and cloning the both ends of the amplified products of RAPD markers. Sixteen sequence-specific primers were synthesized from eight RAPD markers, which were completely sequenced. We developed the species-specific SCAR markers which could be used successfully in detecting genetic variation in four Perilla species. These markers could be used to verify species-origins of various forms of Perilla germplasms.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.517-523
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• 2016

The contents of functional components in the organically agricultural perilla leaves were compared with the perilla leaves grown in conventional condition. Perilla leaves used in the experiment were purchased or harvested from each three organic farm houses and conventional farm houses in Miryang city. The analyzed components included total phenol, total flavonoid, vitamin C, vitamin E, ${\beta}$-carotene, GABA, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, Total N, Zn, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, K, and P. Organically grown perilla leaves had vitamin E 49% greater than the conventional perilla leaves, and 21% for TN, 29% for Ca, and 73% for Mg, while conventionally grown perilla leaves contained K 16% higher than organic ones. Other components were not showed the differences.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.511-519
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• 2021

들깨(Perilla frutescens var. japonica HARA)는 대표적인 유지작물 중 하나로서, 목적에 따라 잎들깨와 종실들깨로 구분된다. 들깨는 식용과 약용으로 사용되어 왔으며, 들깨의 잎, 줄기, 종자에는 다양한 기능성 성분이 많이 함유되어 있다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 들깨를 기능성 소재로서 이용하고자 최적의 수확시기 및 조건을 분석하기 위해 새싹들깨와 잎들깨의 생육단계별 및 부위별로 들깨의 주요 기능성 화합물인 rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, luteolin, GABA의 함량 비교하였다. 새싹들깨의 기능성 화합물 분석 결과 자연광 조건하의 흙에서 재배한 새싹들깨가 rosmarinic acid 23.19±0.16 mg/g과 GABA 0.55±0.05 mg/g으로 높은 함량을 보였고, 파종 후 6~8일 시기에 rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, GABA의 함량이 가장 높게 나타났다. 따라서 자연광 조건하의 흙에서 파종 후 6~8일이 새싹들깨의 최적의 수확조건으로 판단된다. 생육단계별 및 부위별로 잎들깨의 기능성 화합물 변화 분석결과 caffeic acid와 rosmarinic acid는 영양생장에서 생식생장으로 넘어가는 단계에 0.28±0.03~0.30±0.07 mg/g과 20.60±7.02~19.37±3.18 mg/g으로 함량이 가장 높았으며, luteolin은 생식생장단계에 31.11±2.98~22.35±1.64 ㎍/g으로 함량이 가장 높았다. GABA는 영양생장 초기단계에서 0.42±0.09~0.37±0.04 mg/g으로 가장 높은 함량을 보였다. 부위별 분석 결과 잎, 줄기, 추대 부위 중 추대부위가 rosmarinic acid (55.22±9.33 mg/g), caffeic acid (0.39±0.03 mg/g), luteolin (1044.89±6.72 ㎍/g)으로 함량이 가장 높게 나타났다. 종합적으로 새싹들깨와 잎들깨에서 기능성 화합물이 가장 증가하는 시기를 확인함으로써 적합한 수확시기 및 부위를 확인하였다. 본 연구는 기능성 소재로서 들깨를 이용하기 위해 새싹들깨와 잎들깨의 적합한 수확시기 및 조건을 제시하였다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2006

Objectives : This study aimed to establish cosmeceutical activities of Perilla frutescens var. acuta. Methods : Folium Perillae, which had been extracted, concentrated, and freeze drying with water and ethanol, have been used for the experiment. The effects on electronic donating ability, SOD-like activity, xanthine oxidase inhibition, whitening effect have been investigated in the cosmeceutical activity measurement of function experiment. Results : Both water and ethanol extracts of Perilla frutescens var. acuta showed relatively high electron donating ability of more than 70% at over 500ppm. Also, SOD like activity increased in a dose dependent matter of more than 80% at 5,000ppm, while tyrosinase showed insufficient inhibitory rate. Xanthine oxidase showed a meaningful inhibitory effect of 72.4% in water extract and 55.3% at 1,000ppm in ethanol extract. The addition of $Fe^{2+}ion\;and\;Cu^{2+}ion$ showed relatively high oxidizing inhibitory effect of 57% and 41%, respectively, at 500ppm in water extract and, when $Fe^{2+}$ ion was added in ethanol extract, the effect of 64% at 1,000ppm was achieved. Also, higher oxidizing inhibitory effect was shown against $Fe^{2+}$ rather than $Cu^{2+}$ in both water and ethanol extracts. For human cancer cells, relatively high growth inhibition ability was shown against melanoma G361 in both water and ethanol extracts. Conclusion : From the above results, it was confirmed that Perilla frutescens var. acuta could be used in functional cosmetics.