• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

Purpose: This study examined the effect of EMG-stim related to the functional recovery of the upper extremity in chronic stroke patients with an intensive massed practice protocol. Methods: The subjects were assigned randomly to either the EMG-stim group (n=10) or sham treatment group (n=10). Both groups received conventional physical therapy, occupational therapy and FES, five times per week over a four week period. In the EMG-stim group, EMG-stim was applied to the hemiplegic wrist and finger extensors for 2 sessions for 30 minutes per day, 5 times per week over a 4 week period. As the pre- and the post-test, the following four motor tests were assessed as the function of the upper extremity clinical functional test: extensor digitorum strength test, Box and Block test, Fugl-Mayer Assessment, and Jebson-Taylor Hand Function Test. Results: In the Box and Block test and Fugl-Mayer Assessment, there were statistically significant differences between both groups as well as between pre- and post-test. The extensor digitorum and wrist extensor strength were similar in both groups. In the Jebson-Taylor Hand Function Test, there was a significant difference in simulated page turning but not in the other subtests. Conclusion: Intensive massed practice with EMG-stim intervention applied to the hemiplegic upper extremity is an effective therapeutic method for chronic stroke patients. However, a variety of intervention methods designed for stroke patients in clinical settings are needed.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.80-84
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• 2000

기능성 필름을 코팅한 골판지 상자에 사과를 저장하면서 품질유지 상태를 조사하고자 대조구로 기존에 유통 중인 골판지 상자와 두께 0.03, 0.05 mm의 LDPE필름(30LD와 50LD)과, 두께 0.03 mm, 0.05 mm의 기능성MA 필름을 골판지 상자에 코팅한(30CE와 50CE) 후 이 상자에 후지사과를 15 kg씩 포장하여 $5^{\circ}C$에 75일간 저장하면서 신선도 변화를 비교 연구하였다. 중량 감소는 저장 75일 후 대조구는 2.7%, LD와 CE 포장구들은 0.2~0.5% 감소했다. 경도는 대조구보다는 필름포장구들에서 변화가 적었고 LD보다는 CE 포장구에서 변화가 더 적게 나타났다. 비타민 C 함량은 초기의 3.67 mg%에서 대조구는 42%, LD 포장구들은 31~29%, CE 포장구들은 24~22%가 감소하였다. 산도 및 가용성 고형분의 경우 대조구가 필름포장구들에서 변화가 심했으며, 필름포장구들 중에서는 LD 포장구보다 CE 포장구에서 변화가 적게 나타났으며, 부패도 대조구보다는 LD와 CE 포장구에서 적게 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.1092-1098
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• 2012

바닥소재에 따른 천일염의 향기성분은 네 가지 종류의 천일염에서는 4-methyl-2-pentanone, 5-methyl-3-hexanone, 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one, 2-hexanol, benzothiazole, 2,4-bis-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-phenol, 1,3,5-tri-tert-butyl benzene 등 케톤류, 알콜류 그리고 방향족 화합물류와 같은 공통된 향기성분이 검출되었다. 친환경소금으로 알려진 토판염, 일반적으로 알려져 있는 천일염인 PVC 장판염과 그리고 친환경소재의 PP 장판염의 차이를 구별할 수 있는 향기성분은 검출되지 않았으며, 신안군에서 생산된 천일염에서만 methyl isobutyl ketone 성분이 검출되어 생산지역에 따라 차이가 있었다. 편백나무에 보관했던 천일염의 향기성분은 오동나무와 소나무에 보관했던 천일염의 향기성분보다 다양한 종류가 검출되었으며, 이는 저장용기의 나무소재에 따라 천일염에 이행된 향기성분이 다르기 때문으로 생각된다. 이와 같이 독특한 향기성분을 천일염에 부여하는 것은 천일염 산업에 새로운 고부가가치를 창출할 수 있는 방법이라 판단되며, 소금 유통시장에서 적용가능성이 높은 연구가 수반되어야 할 것이다.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제38권
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• pp.129-156
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• 2005

최근 백제유적에 대한 발굴조사에서는 토광형태 또는 목재나 석재를 이용하여 축조한 지하식의 저장시설이 발견되는 사례가 늘어나고 있다. 본고는 이러한 백제시대 지하저장시설을 형태 및 축조방법별로 복주머니형(플라스크형), 목곽형, 석곽형 시설로 구분하고 각각의 구조와 기능에 대해 검토하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 복주머니형 저장공은 백제 한성시기~사비시기의 금강 및 한강유역의 많은 유적에서 현재까지 600기 이상 조사된 백제의 가장 대표적인 지하저장시설로 3~7세기대 한강유역과 금강유역의 백제의 독특한 저장문화를 구성하는 유구로서 그 구조나 중국의 예를 통해 볼 때 곡물의 장기저장을 위한 시설이었을 가능성이 있으며, 그 외에도 토기의 저장 등 다양한 물품이 저장되었다고 보인다. 목곽형과 석곽형의 저장시설은 사비시기의 유적에서 주로 확인되고 있어 6세기 이후 복주머니형 저장공의 축조가 줄어들면서 그 기능을 일부 대체했을 것으로 보이며, 특히 그 축조방법이나 구조상 공력이 많이 소모되는 것으로 도성이나 성곽유적에서 공적인 용도로 사용되었던 것으로 추정된다. 목곽형 저장시설은 평면 장방형인 것과 방형인 것, 축조방식에 따라 가구식(架構式)과 주혈식(柱穴式)으로 구분할 수 있으며, 이는 축조하고자 하는 지점의 지형이나 지질에 의해 결정되었을 가능성이 있다. 이러한 목곽형 저장시설은 관북리유적과 월평동유적의 예를 통해 볼 때 과일과 같은 식품류의 저장과 군사주둔지에서의 중요물품 저장 등 필요에 따라 다양한 품목의 물건이 저장된 것으로 보인다. 지하 저장시설의 기능적 특성상 식품류의 장기저장과 일본의 예를 통해 볼 때 화재시 중요물품의 안전한 보관과 관련하여 목곽이나 석곽의 저장시설이 채용되었을 가능성이 있다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of robot arm reach training on upper extremity functional movement in chronic stroke survivors. Design: One group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Thirteen chronic stroke survivors participated in this study. Robot arm reach training was performed with a Whole Arm Manipulator (WAM) and a 120-inch projective display to provide visual and auditory feedback. During the robotic arm reach training, WAM provided gravity compensation and assist-as-needed (AAN) force according to the robot control mode. When a participant could not move the arm toward the target for more than 2 seconds, WAM provided AAN force to reach the desired targets. All patients participated in the training for 40 minutes per day, 3 times a week, for 4 weeks. Main outcome measures were the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) and Box and Block Test (BBT) to assess upper extremity functional movement. Results: After 4 weeks, significant improvement was observed in upper extremity functional movement (FMA: 42.15 to 46.23, BBT: 12.23 to 14.00, p<0.05). In the subscore analysis of the FMA upper extremity motor function domains, significant improvement was observed in upper extremity and coordination/speed units (p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the ARAT. Conclusions: This study showed the positive effects of robot arm reach training on upper extremity functional movement in chronic stroke survivors. In particular, we confirmed that robot arm reach training could have a positive influence by leading to improvement of motor recovery of the proximal upper extremity.

• 감성과학
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.269-282
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• 2012

Laboratory equipment will continue to be developed and created as long as experiments continue. Up until now, the designs have been focused on the functional role; successfully process the study purpose. However, nowadays, the requirements of providing emotional satisfaction of the design, has increased. Even so, the users are normally limited by specific groups and investments on these designs have been neglected due to small annual production by the small market. Through this study, we have conducted an emotional evaluation on Temperature and Humidity Chamber's (TH Chamber) exterior shape. First of all, we extracted emotional words and placed them in categories that represent these emotions and conducted an emotional evaluation on four typical TH chamber models. They were selected based on its door lock type and control box type. The result showed that the 'fixed type' of control box and the 'handle type' of door lock were most favorable by the users, satisfying the five representative emotions; 'Attractiveness', 'Classiness', 'Comfortableness', 'Pleasant' and 'Satisfaction in Usability'. Particularly, all 4 emotional words in the 'Satisfaction in Usability' category recorded over 3.65. This indicates that Satisfaction in Usability is relatively an important category when expressing laboratory equipment. The result of this research is expected to be used as a basic data to find a way of right approach in laboratory equipment design.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2014

The packaging with environment-friendly materials become more important issue since the concern for the environment and the disposal of waste such as the packaging materials has increased. Although the paper based packaging such as corrugated box are widely used as a typical environment-friendly packaging stuff, the heat insulation properties of paper packaging did not get many attention. In this study, the heat insulation properties of paper were deeply evaluated to improve the functional properties as packaging material of the cold storage goods. The simple device for evaluating the heat insulation of paper product was developed. Subsequently, the changes in the heat insulation depending on the paper structure and the addition of the inorganic fillers were investigated by using the instrument. The higher basis weight and the less beating time resulted in the bulkier structure and the less efficiency of heat transfer. The addition of the perlite powder as a filler resulted in the great increase in the heat insulation, although the addition of the calcium carbonate decreased the heat insulation potential of paper.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.85-101
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to test whether prices of personal computers reflect their varying degrees of non-marketable characteristics including after-sales service. This purpose is carried out using the hedonic price model. In this paper, we estimated 74 functional forms of hedonic price model using the quadratic Box-Cox transformation function and selected one based on the three criteria: expected signs, the statistical significance of estimated coefficients, and goodness of fit in terms of root-mean-square-percentage-error. In this study, we found hat as the after-sales service level increases the price of the personal computer increases. This result is consistent with the hypothesis that the less after-sales service offered with a personal computer, the less consumers are willing to pay for the personal computer, when all else remain constant. This finding shows that since the market works indirectly to influence pricing, the need to rely on consumer protection legislation to guarantee after-sales service is lessened. This study also found that after-sales service supported by each personal computer producer is not a free service, thus produces have a profit incentive for providing after-sales service.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2012

The genetic diversity of plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) fluorescent pseudomonads associated with the sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) rhizosphere was analyzed. Selected isolates were screened for plant growthpromoting properties including production of indole acetic acid, phosphate solubilization, denitrification ability, and production of antifungal metabolites. Furthermore, 16S rDNA sequence analysis was performed to identify and differentiate these isolates. Based on 16S rDNA sequence similarity, the isolates were designated as Pseudomonas plecoglossicida, P. fluorescens, P. libaniensis, and P. aeruginosa. Differentiation of isolates belonging to the same group was achieved through different genomic DNA fingerprinting techniques, including randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP), enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC), and bacterial repetitive BOX elements (BOX) analyses. The genetic diversity observed among the isolates and rep-PCR-generated fingerprinting patterns revealed that PGPR fluorescent pseudomonads are associated with the rhizosphere of sugarcane and that P. plecoglossicida is a dominant species. The knowledge obtained herein regarding the genetic and functional diversity of fluorescent pseudomonads associated with the sugarcane rhizosphere is useful for understanding their ecological role and potential utilization in sustainable agriculture.

• 한국식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물학회 1996년도 제10회 식물생명공학심포지움 고등식물 발생생물학의 최근 진보
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• pp.26-38
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• 1996

To investigate the regulation of plant histone H2A gene expression, we isolated two H2A genes (TH254 and TH274) from wheat, which encode different types of variants. Both genes had an intron in the coding region. In the promoters, some characteristics sequences, such as Oct and Nona motifs, which are conserved among plant histone genes were also found, and they were located in a short region (about 120 bp) upstream from the putative TATA box. Analyses of promoter activity with H2A-GUS fusion genes in the transient system using tobacco protoplasts revealed novel types of positive cis-acting sequences in the TH254 promoter: a direct repeat of a 13-bp sequence (AGTTACATTATTG) and a stretch composed of an AT-rich sequence (ATATAGAAAATTAAAA) and a G-box (CACGTG). A quantitative S1 assay of the mRNA amounts from the TH254/GUS and TH274/GUG chimeric genes in stably transformed and cell cycle-synchronized tobacco cell lines showed that the promoters of both genes contained at least one cis-acting element responsible for S phase-specific expression. Histochemical analysis of transgenic tobacco plants carrying the chimeric genes showed that the promoters of the two H2A genes were both active in developing seedlings and flower organs but regulated in different manner.