• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.70-77
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• 2015

The physiological properties of water extracts from Hizikia fusiformis extracted using different extraction methods (water extraction, WE; autoclave extraction, AE; high pressure extraction, HPE) were investigated. The freeze-dried powder yields from HPE, AE and WE were 29.33, 27.84 and 23.63%, respectively. The $L^*$ and $b^*$ color values were higher in WE, while the $a^*$ color values were higher in WE and AE. The total sugar content of AE (60.14%) was higher than those of WE (47.10%), HPE (40.97%). The reducing sugar content (7.88%) and protein content (42.83%) of AE was higher than those of WE, and HPE. The uronic acid (5.04%), total free amino acid (785.19 mg/g), taurine (19.16 mg/g), aspartic acid (66.63 mg/g), asparagine (204.84 mg/g), alanine (188.87 mg/g) and ammonium chloride (243.91 mg/g) contents, however, were the highest in HPE. Additionally, the crude polysaccharide yield was higher in HPE (4.75%) than in AE and WE, and the crude saccharide (fucose, galactose, glucose, xylose and fucose) yields were higher in AE. It can be concluded that optimum conditions for the efficient extraction of Hizikia fusiformis depending on components are high pressure and a lower temperature than in the typical process.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.25-29
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• 1996

A fucoidanase, which was screened from the heptopancreas of Patinopectin yessoensis, was fractionated according to by ammounium sulfate precipitation and anion exchange chromatography. The crude fucoidanase activity was hydrolyzed a small amounts of fucoidan agar and not arrageenan. The crude enzyme hydrolyzed fucoidan to produce oligosaccha-rides of fucose, glucose, maltose maltotriose and maltoteraose as the reaction products.

• Mycobiology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.286-294
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• 2009

Heteropolysaccharides isolated from liquid cultures of nine Tremella species contained 0.3 to 1.2% protein, 2.7 to 5% ash, 0.9 to 3.4% acetyl groups, 76.5 to 84.2% carbohydrates and trace amounts of starch. The polysaccharides in aqueous solution were slightly acidic (pH 5.1 to 5.6). They consisted of the following monomeric sugars: fucose, ribose, xylose, arabinose, mannose, galactose, glucose and glucuronic acid. The backbones of the polysaccharide structures consisted of $\alpha$-(1$\rightarrow$3)-links while the side chains were $\beta$-linked.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.369-375
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• 1997

We have isolated an anticoagulant polysaccharide from the alkali extracts of Coriolus versicolor. The anticoagulant polysaccharide was purified through a gradual ethanol precipitation and three concecutive chromatography of DEAE-Toyopearl 650C, Sephadex G-100, and Sepharose CL-6B by measuring activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). The anticoagulant polysaccharide showed the homogenecity on HPLC using a gel permeation column and had about $7.2{\times}10^{5}$ molecular weight. The polysaccharide consisted of fucose, glucose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 1.0:0.2:0.2:0.1, and also compromised 19.32% of sulfate at its constituent sugars. The polysaccharide showed the two typical bands of C-O-S $(823\;cm^{-1})$ and S=O $(1257\;cm^{-1})$ in the IR spectroscopy. The sulfated polysaccharide (CV-40-Va-1) inhibited the blood coagulation via the intrinsic pathway like heparin whose activity produced a concentration dependent effect in aPTT and thrombin time (TT).

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 1983

To investigate antitumor constituents of Hydnum repandum, which belongs to edible basidiomycetes, the mycelia separated from the carpophore were shake-cultured and subjected to hot water extraction. The extract was concentrated under vacuum and mixed with a three-fold volume of 95% ethanol to yield precipitates. The water soluble fraction of the precipitates was dialyzed and then lyophilized to yield a water soluble protein-polysaccharide fraction (= WPPF). This exerted antitumor activity against sarcoma 180 implanted in ICR mice. When administered i.p. at the dose level of 20mg/kg once daily for ten consecutive days, it showed an inhibition ratio of 54.3%. WPPF was found to be composed of a polysaccharide moiety (42% of WPPF) and a protein moiety (28% of WPPF) when determined by colorimetric method using anthrone reagent and Folin's phenol reagent. The polysaccharide moiety of WPPF was found to contain glucose (57.4%), mannose(19.3%), galactose (10.8%), xylose (6.8%), and fucose (5.7%), when the methanolysate of WPPF was analysed by GLC method.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2002

Since lectin condense more easily cancer cell than normal cell, it has been investigated very actively. Recently, a lot of researchers gave attention to lectin in natural products especially because lectin has effects on T-cell activation and anticancer activity, and specificity on polysaccharide. The specificity is useful to confirm kind of polysaccharide of the cell surface and to study the polysaccharide. In this research, we purified lectin from shiitake, Lentinula edodes, and then characterized it. The molecular weight of the lectin was 23 kDa, and it was stable only under the $40^{\circ}C$ and in a alkaline solution. As for the specificity of polysaccharide, the lectin had specificity on galactose, fucose, glucose, lactose and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine. In addition, it was confirmed to be a glycoprotein.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.554-561
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• 2001

Immunostimulating exopolysaccharides with anticancer activity produced by Enterobacter sp. SSYL(KCTC 0687BP), isolated from Chinese elm(Ulmus sp.) were investigated. The exopolysaccharide contains molecular weight 100,000 to 1,000,000 Da and total carbohydrates 43.0 to 70.8%, total uronic acid 7.1 7o 12.4%, and total proteins 15.4 to 20.6%. Compositions and contents of sugars in the exopolysaccharides are 10-30% glucose, less than 1% fructose, 10-15% galactose, 8-12% fucose, and 40-70% glucuronic acid. The anticancer immunostimulating activities were examined and proved with regard to both in vitro and in vivo bioassays. In vivo assay, the glycoprotein at the concentration of 0.3 mg/kg showed the best result that median survival time in creased to ca. 138.1% in contrast to control groups.

• ALGAE
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.147-161
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• 2015

Brown algal extracts have long been used as feed supplements to promote health of farm animals. Here, we show new molecular insights in to the mechanism of action of a fucose containing polymer (FCP) rich fraction from the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum using the Caenorhabditis elegans-Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 infection model. FCP enhanced survival of C. elegans against pathogen stress, correlated with up-regulation of key immune response genes such as: lipases, lysozyme (lys-1), saponin-like protein (spp-1), thaumatin-like protein (tlp-1), matridin SK domain protein (msk-1), antibacterial protein (abf-1), and lectin family protein (lfp). Further, FCP caused down regulation of P. aeruginosa quorum sensing genes: (lasI, lasR, rhlI, and rhlR), secreted virulence factors (lipase, proteases, and elastases) and toxic metabolites (pyocyanin, hydrogen cyanide, and siderophore). Biofilm formation and motility of pathogenic bacteria were also greatly attenuated when the culture media were treated with FCP. Interestingly, FCP failed to mitigate the pathogen stress in skn-1, daf-2, and pmk-1 mutants of C. elegans. This indicated that, FCP treatment acted on the regulation of fundamental innate immune pathways, which are conserved across the majority of organisms including humans. This study suggests the possible use of FCP, a seaweed component, as a functional food source for healthy living.

• ALGAE
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.247-252
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• 2007

Crude fucoidan was extracted from the sporophyll of Korean Undaria pinnatifida collected at a coastal area ofWando, Korea, mainly by dilute acid extraction, ethanol precipitation, CaCU Precipitation, with an yield of approxi-mately 3.9% in mass. It was further purified by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography and its chemical composi-don and in vitro anticoagulant activity was determined. The average molecular mass of the purified fucoidan wasestimated about 2.1 x 103 kDa by size-fractionation HPLC and it consisted of neutral sugar (52.34% in mass), uronicacid (26.2%), and sulfate esters (7.4%). From the HPAEC-PAD analysis, the monosaccharide composition of thepurified fucoidan was shown to be fucose, galactose, xylose, and mannose, with a molar ratio of 1, 0.2, 0.02, 0.15,respectively, demonstrating that major monosacd-iande was fucose (72.3% in mol percentage) and other sugars,xylose (1.5%), galactose (14.6%), and mannose (10.9%) were present as minor component. The results suggested thatthis fucoidan is a sulfated, U-type fucoidan. The activated partial thrombloplastin time (APTT) assay of the purifiedfucoidan showed that the purified fucoidan elicited anticoagulant activity in a dose-dependent manner. Five jUg ofsporophyll fucoidan delayed the blood clotting time up to 5 times than untreated control and also up to 1.5 timesthan the same amount of the commercial fucoidan, respectively. Although it is preliminary, these results suggestthat the fucoidan of Korean Undaria vinnatifida sporophyll would be promising candidates for the development ofan anticoaeulant.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.367-373
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• 2001

Glycoproteins PAS-6(50 kDa) and -7(47 kDa) from the bovine milk fat globule membrane share a common protein core but differ in their carbohydrate moiety. We have analyzed and proposed the structures of the N-linked sugar chains of PAS-7 by Oxford Glyco System(OGS) RAAM2000. The N-linked sugar chains were liberated from PAS-7 by hydrazinolysis and, after modifying the reducing ends with 2-aminobenzamide(2-AB), were separated into one neutral(7N, 55%) and two acidic(7M, mono-, 43%; 7D, di-, 2%) sugar chain groups. 7N was finally separated into 5 chains(a, b, c, d, and e), respectively. The structure of this 2AB-neutral sugar chain was determined by sugar analysis, exoglycosidase digestion with OGS glycosidase Kit and OGS RAAM2000 system. The results show that fraction e was the same of reported 7N1A, the biantennary complex type with a fucose on reducing end and two N-acetyllactosamine branch on non-reducing end. Therefore, it was proved that OGS RAAM2000 method is in conformity with conventional analysis of sugar chain structure from bovine PAS-7.