Mycobiology

The Korean Society of Mycology (한국균학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Composition and Partial Structure Characterization of Tremella Polysaccharides

  • Khondkar, Proma (Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Rajshahi University)
  • Published : 2009.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Heteropolysaccharides isolated from liquid cultures of nine Tremella species contained 0.3 to 1.2% protein, 2.7 to 5% ash, 0.9 to 3.4% acetyl groups, 76.5 to 84.2% carbohydrates and trace amounts of starch. The polysaccharides in aqueous solution were slightly acidic (pH 5.1 to 5.6). They consisted of the following monomeric sugars: fucose, ribose, xylose, arabinose, mannose, galactose, glucose and glucuronic acid. The backbones of the polysaccharide structures consisted of $\alpha$-(1$\rightarrow$3)-links while the side chains were $\beta$-linked.

Keywords

References

  1. Aspinall, G. O. and Ferrier, R. J. 1957. A spectrophotometric method for the determination of periodate consumed during the oxidation of carbohydrates. Chem. Ind. (36):1216
  2. Bandoni, R. J. 1995. Dimorphic heterobasidiomycetes: Taxonomy and parasitism. Stud. Mycol. (38):13-27
  3. BeMiller, J. N. and Whistler, R. L. 1996. Carbohydrates. In: Food Chemistry, 3rd edition, pp. 157-223. Ed. O. R. Fennema. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York
  4. Cherniak, R., Reiss, E., Slodki, M. E., Plattner, R. D. and Blumer, S. O. 1980. Structure and antigenic activity of the capsular polysaccharide of Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A. Mol. Immunol. 17:1025-1032 https://doi.org/10.1016/0161-5890(80)90096-6
  5. Debon, S. J. J. and Tester, R. F. 2001. In vitro binding of calcium, iron and zinc by non-starch polysaccharides. Food Chem. 73:401-410 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(00)00312-5
  6. Englyst, H. N. and Hudson, G. J. 1987. Colorimetric method for routine measurement of dietary fiber as non-starch polysaccharides: a comparison with gas-liquid chromatography. Food Chem. 24:63-76 https://doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(87)90084-7
  7. Englyst, H. N., Quigley, M. E. and Hudson, G. J. 1994. Determination of dietary fiber as nonstarch polysaccharides with gasliquid-chromatographic, high-performance liquid chromatographic or spectrophotometric measurement of constituent sugars. Analyst 119:1497-1509 https://doi.org/10.1039/an9941901497
  8. Fraser, C. G., Jennings, H. J. and Moyna, P. 1973. Structural analysis of an acidic polysaccharide from Tremella mesenterica NRRL Y-6158. Can. J. Biochem. 51:219-224 https://doi.org/10.1139/v73-034
  9. Gao, Q. P., Berntzen, G., Jiang, R. Z., Killie, M. K. and Seljelid, R. 1998. Conjugates of Tremella polysaccharides with microbeads and their TNF-stimulating activity. Planta Med. 64:551-554 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-957512
  10. Gao, Q. P., Jiang, R. Z., Chen, H. Q., Jensen, E. and Seljelid, R. 1996a. Characterization and cytokine stimulating activities of heteroglycans from Tremella fuciformis. Planta Med. 62:297-302 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-957888
  11. Gao, Q. P., Killie, M. K., Chen, H. C., Jiang, R. Z. and Seljelid, R. 1997. Characterization and cytokine-stimulating activities of acidic heteroglycans from Tremella fuciformis. Planta Med. 63:457-460 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-957733
  12. Gao, Q. P., Seljelid, R., Chen, H. Q. and Jiang, R. Z. 1996b. Characterisation of acidic heteroglycans from Tremella fuciformis Berk with cytokine stimulating activity. Carbohydr. Res. 288:135-142 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6215(96)90789-2
  13. Goldstein, I. J., Lewis, B. A. and Smith, F. 1958. The Structure of the dialdehyde formed by periodate oxidation of methyl α-Lrhamnopyranoside. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80:939-941 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01537a047
  14. Kakuta, M., Sone, Y., Umeda, T. and Misaki, A. 1979. Comparative structural studies on acidic heteropolysaccharides isolated from Shirokikurage, fruit body of Tremella fuciformis berk, and the growing culture of its yeast-like cells. Agric. Biol. Chem. 43:1659-1668
  15. Karkalas, J. 1985. An improved enzymatic method for the determination of native and modified starch. J. Sci. Food Agric. 36:1019-1027 https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740361018
  16. Kazy, S. K., Sar, P., Singh, S. P., Sen, A. K. and D'Souza, S. F. 2002. Extracellular polysaccharides of a copper-sensitive and a copper-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain: synthesis, chemical nature and copper binding. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 18:583-588 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016354713289
  17. Khondkar, P., Aidoo, K. E. and Tester, R. F. 2002. Sugar profile of extracellular polysaccharides from different Tremella species. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 79:121-129 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1605(02)00186-1
  18. Kiho, T., Kobayashi, T., Morimoto, H., Usui, S., Ukai, S., Hirano, K., Aizawa, K. and Inakuma, T. 2000. Structural features of an anti-diabetic polysaccharide (TAP) from Tremella aurantia. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 48:1793-1795
  19. Kiho, T., Morimoto, H., Sakushima, M., Usui, S. and Ukai, S. 1995. Polysaccharides in fungi. 35. Anti diabetic activity of an acidic polysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of Tremella aurantia. Biol. Pharma. Bull. 18:1627-1629 https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.18.1627
  20. Kirk, R. S. and Sawyer, R. 1997. Pearson's Composition and Analysis of Foods, pp. 16-20. Addison Wesley Longman Ltd., London
  21. Lewis, J. G., Stanley, N. F. and Guist, G. G. 1988. Commercial production and applications of algal hydrocolloids. In: Algae and Human Affairs, pp. 205-237. Eds. C. A. Lembi and J. R. Waaland. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
  22. Li, X., Chen, M., Dai, R., Shao, A., Wu, Z. and Lin, S. 1997. A preliminary study on extracellular polysaccharide isolated from fermented Tremella aurantia Schw. ex. Fr. Zhongg. Zhong. Zaz. 22:745-746
  23. MacCormick, C. A., Harris, J. E., Jay, A. J., Ridout, M. J., Colquhoun, I. J. and Morris, V. J. 1996. Isolation and characterization of a new extracellular polysaccharide from an Acetobacter species. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 81:419-424 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1996.tb03528.x
  24. Margaritis, A. and Pace, G. W. 1985. Microbial polysaccharides. In: Comprehensive Biotechnology, vol. 3, pp. 1005-1044. Eds. H. W. Blanch, S. W. Drewand and D.I. C Wang. Pergamon Press, Oxford
  25. McComb, E. A. and McCready, R. M. 1957. Determination of acetyl in pectin and in acetylated carbohydrate polymers: hydroxamic acid reaction. Anal. Chem. 29:819-821 https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60125a025
  26. Pavlova, K. and Grigorova, D. 1999. Production and properties of exopolysaccharide by Rhodotorula acheniorum MC. Food Res. Int. 32:473-477 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0963-9969(99)00110-6
  27. Percival, E. G. V. 1962. Structural Carbohydrate Chemistry, 2nd edition, pp. 197-235. Muller, London
  28. Prosky, L., Asp, N. P., Furda, I., Devries, J. W., Schweizer, T. F. and Harland, B. F. 1984. Determination of total dietary fiber in foods, food-products, and total diets-interlaboratory study. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 67:1044-1052
  29. Reid, I. D. and Bartnicki-Garcia, S. 1976. Cell-wall composition and structure of yeast cells and conjugation tubes of Tremella mesenterica. J. Gen. Microbiol. 96:35-50 https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-96-1-35
  30. Reshetnikov, S. V., Wasser, S. P., Nevo, E., Duckman, I. and Tsukor, K. 2000. Medicinal value of the Genus Tremella Pers. (Heterobasidiomycetes): review. Int. J. Med. Mushrooms 2:169-193
  31. Sinskey, A., Jamas, S., Easson, D. Jr. and Rha, C. 1986. Biopolymers and modified polysaccharides. In: Biotechnology in Food Processing, pp. 73-114. Eds. S. K. Harlander and T. P. Lapuza. Noyes Publications, Park Ridge
  32. Slodki, M. E. 1966. Hydrolysis products from an extracellular Tremella polysaccharide. Can. J. Microbiol. 12:495-499 https://doi.org/10.1139/m66-072
  33. Slodki, M. E., Wickerham, L. J. and Bandoni, R. J. 1966. Extracellular heteropolysaccharides from Cryptococcus and Tremella: a possible taxonomic relationship. Can. J. Microbiol. 12:489-494 https://doi.org/10.1139/m66-071
  34. Wasser, S. P. and Reshetnikov, S. V. G. 2001. Patent WO, 01/32830 A2
  35. Williams, D. H. and Fleming, I. 1987. Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry, 4th edition, p. 49. McGraw-Hill, London
  36. Yalpani, M. and Sandford, P. A. 1987. Commercial polysaccharides: recent trends and developments. In: Industrial Polysaccharides: Genetic Engineering, Structure/Property Relations, and Applications, pp. 311-335. Ed. M. Yalpani. Amsterdam, Elsevier
  37. Yui, T., Ogawa, K., Kakuta, M. and Misaki, A. 1995. Chain conformation of a glucoronoxylomannan isolated from fruit body of Tremella fuciformis Berk. J. Carbohydr. Chem. 14:255-263 https://doi.org/10.1080/07328309508002068
  38. Zhang, Y. J. and Hong, Z. 1984. The study of isolation and properties of Tremella polysaccharides. J. Beijing Med. Univ. 16:83-87

Cited by

  1. in Individuals with Subjective Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial vol.21, pp.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2017.4063