• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.10
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• pp.71-81
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• 2008

This study aimed to identify the effects of adolescents' perceived risk on fashion brand conformity behavior. To analyze conformable fashion brand behavior with consideration to their reference group, 6 dimensions of perceived risk were adopted as explanatory variables. Reference group means people that a person refers to when evaluating his values & behaviors. Data were collected from 672 male and female students aged between 14 and 18. Factor analysis on perceived risk resulted in 6 dimensional structures: socio-psychological, time loss, functional, fashionability loss, performance and opportunity loss risk. Fashionability loss risk positively affected adolescent fashion brand conformity behavior according to their favorite celebrities. Performance risk positively affected in consideration to their parents, while opportunity loss risk had a negative effect on the same reference group. However, socio-psychological and fashionability loss risk positively affected adolescent fashion brand conformity behavior in consideration to their friends, while performance loss risk had negative effect on the same reference group. Adolescent groups divided by the 6 dimensions of perceived risk showed meaningful differences in their fashion brand conformable behavior in consideration to their reference groups.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.185-197
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• 1999

For the past 10 years, the number of male smokers has dwindled. On the other hand, the number of female smokers has increased abruptly. Cigarette smoking is more hazardous to a woman than to a man because it can affect her health and her fetus during pregnancy. Many studies show that cigarette smoking is one of the most important risk factors determining the mortality and the morbidity of various kinds of diseases such as lung cancer and pharyngeal cancer. But, it is also known to be one of the risk factors we can handle and prevent easily. The subjects of this study consisted of 263 female nursing students in Seoul and Chonbuk Province. Using questionnaires, we were collected data from December 1 to December 10 1998. The questionnaire included 24 questions related to environmental factors and 14 questions related with self-efficacy. The statistical analysis was done with SPSS ver. 8.0(SPSS Inc. U.S.). The results of this study are as follows. 1) Cigarette smoking in women was influenced by her family or friends. That is to say, the higher number of her friends or family members who smoked cigarettes, the more likely a woman was to become a smoker. Economic status and knowledge level about the risks of cigarette smoking were also related to women smoking. So, women with lower levels of economic status and less knowledge about the risks of cigarette smoking were the more likely to become smokers. 2) Woman with higher levels of self-efficacy were less likely to become smokers. 3) The factors influencing a woman's smoking were whether her friends smoked, whether her mother smoked and her self-efficacy in that order. Environmental factors, self-efficacy were found to be important factors influencing smoking in women. It is suggested a quit-smoking program for women college students, be based on consideration of these environmental factors and self-efficacy.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.1021-1029
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• 1999

Koreans rarely complain of depression or other psychological problems because mental illness is viewed as a stigmatizing and threatening experience. This study examined the relationships among stressful life events, close relationships, self-esteem. and depression in 400 college women aged 18 to 30 years. Depression was positively related to stressful life events (r＝.21, p＝＜.01). Depression and stressful life events were negatively associated with self-esteem (r＝-.67; r＝-.11, p＜.01; p＜.05 respectively). Close relationships with women and men friends were each negatively associated with depression (r＝-.24; r＝-.16, p＜.01; p＜.05). Close relationships with women and men friends were positively associated with self-esteem (r＝.23; r＝.20, p＜.01). Forty nine percent of variance in depression rates in this sample was explained. After adjustment for degrees of freedom, a total of 49% of the variance in depression was explained by self-esteem and stressful life events. This investigation into the relationships among the variables influencing depression for college women is a critical issue as health professionals need to be aware that college women are at considerable risk for depression. Effective psychosocial interventions are those designed for specific populations to meet unique care needs and since young Korean women may be at considerable risk for depression.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.328-340
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• 2012

Purpose: This study explored the degree of internet addiction and its influencing factors in lower grade elementary school children in rural areas. Methods: Subjects included 1,137 elementary school children. A structured questionnaire consisting of questions internet addiction, family function and school life satisfaction was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, ANOVA and Correlation and Regression were performed using a SPSS program. Results: Among the subjects, 85.8% were regular users, 8.1% were potential risk users, and 6.1% were high-risk users. Career of internet use, daily internet access time, the number of conversations per week, the number of times spent eating out and traveling with parents within the last month and activities with friends, and satisfaction on school life differed significantly according to the degree of internet addiction. Finally, among the factors studied, daily internet access time, conversations within family, activities with friends and school life satisfaction in children in early elementary school was 20.7% of the explanatory power of the subjects' degree of internet addiction, collectively. Conclusion: Use of the internet by early elementary school children should be monitored and strategies to promote familial conversations, activities with peers and school life satisfaction should be developed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.28-44
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to examine the associated risk factors for adolescent cigarette smoking. In February 1995, a total of 1793 students from 17 general high schools in Seoul were assessed with a self-completing questionnaire pertaining current smoking status and school.family.peer environmental factors. The results are as follows; 1. The overall proportion of current smoker among students in the study was 17.3%; 27.7% in males and 6.6% in females. 2. There was significant association between smoking status and all school environmental factors (ranks at school, satisfaction at school, study hours after school, extracurricular activity) examined. 3. Siblings smoking in males and family structure in females were significantly associated with the smoking status of students. 4. Functional aspect of family environmental factors, such as APGAR score, parental supervision, attachment to father or to mother were related to smoking status of students. 5. Association with friends who smoke was significantly associated with smoking status of students. 6. In males, association with friends who smoke, ranks at school, siblings smoking were significant positive predictors and APGAR score, parental supervision, attchment to mother were significant negative predictors. In females, association with friends whosmoke, ranks at school, satisfaction at school were significant positive predictors and parental supervision, attchment to father were significant negative predictors. These findings suggest that strategies that influence smoking behavior need to be directed not only to the individual student but also to their peer group, family and school environment.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.71-82
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analysis the health behaviors differences of adolescents depending on whether parenting behavior perceived by adolescents. Methods: The data which is used in this study was extracted from the 2011 second korean adolescents' penal data collected by the National Youth Policy Institute. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed in order to find how degree parents relationship factors are associated with adolescents' health behavior after adjusting sex, smoking(alcohol drinking) friends, and other significant variables. The data was processed by SAS 9.1. Results: Respondent's general characteristics such as smoking(alcohol drinking)friends, parents' job were positively relative to smoking and alcohol drinking experience. Also Parents's affection and experience of being abused from parents were significantly associated with smoking(alcohol drinking) experience. Conclusions: Negative vertical attitude for children is important for the health risk behaviors of adolescents. To increase effectiveness of the health policy for the adolescents in korea, it is important to adapt new strategy to include the positive empowerment of adolescents' social networks except for smoking(alcohol drinking)friends and policy support to turn negative vertical attitude for children into positive attitude for children.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.471-482
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• 2004

Purpose: This study intended to identify personality factors and related problematic behaviors of adolescents who drink alcohol in order to provide basic data for developing nursing programs. Methods: The data were collected from October to December 2002 from 1.080 high school students in Seoul. The Revised Cloninger's Tri-dimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) was used to measure their personalities. The alcohol expectancy was measured using the tool revised by Cho (1999) and stress levels were measure using a stress tool revised Cho (1998). The data were analyzed with SPSS Windows using Chi square test. independent t-test. and logistic regression analysis. Results: 1. The percentage of fathers who drank was 79.8%. mothers. 54.3%. and friends. 54.3%. The alcohol expectancy averaged 6.36 while the stress levels were 132.79. 2. It was found that there are significant differences (p<.001) in problematic drinking behaviors according to the following variables: second year high school students among all grade variables, more monthly pocket money for the amount of money variables, the group of students who smoked in the case of the variable related to smoking, spending more time using the Internet for the Internet use variable, and having friends who drink 65.6% for the friend variable. The alcohol expectancy scale of those students who showed problematic drinking behaviors was higher than that of those who did not. There are four family-related stress subscales, and there was a significant difference among them (p<.05). Among the personal characteristics, the group who displayed problematic drinking behaviors seeks new experiences and reward dependence more than the group who did not exhibit those behaviors, and there were significant differences between the two groups (p<.001). 3. When the socio-demographic and drinking-related factors were controlled, the tendency of seeking new experiences increased the risk of problematic behaviors 1.07 times (p<.05). Compared to the non smoking group, the smoking group was found to have a 5.06 time (p<.001) greater risk of displaying problematic drinking behaviors. In comparison with the non drinking group, the drinking group was also found to have a 5.31 time (p<.001) greater risk of exhibiting problematic drinking behaviors. The group with high alcohol expectancy scores was significantly different from the group with the no alcohol expectancy, showing a 1.26 time (p<.00l) greater risk of problematic drinking behaviors. Conclusions: Based on these results, the problematic drinking behaviors were connected with alcohol expectancies, friends and personality types. Therefore, we should develop an alcoholic prevention program for adolescence considering the above results.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.341-358
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• 2015

This study aims to identify predictors of driving cessation among Korean elderly. Data from 2011 Elderly Survey conducted by Ministry of Health and Welfare and Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs were used for the analysis. Based on Webber, Porter, Menec(2010)'s comprehensive theoretical framework for mobility, the model of this study tests five major determinants of driving cessation including financial, psychosocial, environmental, physical and cognitive factors. Results of logistic regression analysis showed that economic status, marital status, contacts with relatives and friends, residential location, taking medication, muscle strength, age, gender, and job were significant predictors of driving cessation of older drivers. Specifically, lower economic status, unmarried status, less contacts with relatives and friends, living in the city, taking medication, weaker muscle strength, older age, female, non-working status were significant risk factors for driving cessation. Practical implications in light of study findings were discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.698-701
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• 2013

Mobile social networking applications are getting increasingly popular among today's mobile applications. Mobile users find their old or new friends anywhere or anytime through mobile social network (MSN) services. MSN uses matchmaking mechanisms to discover mutual interests among different people. To discover friends in MSN, a user must share his/her private information which can be a risk for his/her personal privacy as this information can be learned by a malicious or semi honest user. In this paper we give a brief survey on MSN that includes MSN categories, components, architecture and applications. In the rest of the paper we discuss the matchmaking protocols. Finally we give some suggestions to improve the previous protocols.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.10
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• pp.1042-1049
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• 2006

Purpose : This study was conducted to survey the preliminary data on risk behaviors and to identify the factors that prevent risk-behaviors in late adolescence. Methods : Freshmen(n=1,297) beginning the first semester in Korea University, Seoul, Korea completed self-administered risk behavior questionnaires, comprising 5 domains : demographics, smoking, drinking, drug abuse and sexual behavior. Results : The rate of smoking experience was higher in people having friends who smoke and the predictors of transition to current smoking were male gender, urban residence, friends' smoking, and nicotine dependence. The rate of high risk drinking was higher among students who are male and who had experience of heavy episodic drinking. The study group showed a low prevalence of narcotic users, but two-thirds of students could get medicine easily without prescriptions. The prevalence of sexual experience was 6.5 percent, and the sexual education was not a predictor of contraceptive behavior. The prevalence of homosexuality was 1.6 percent, and the rate of mostly heterosexuality was higher in female students. Conclusion : The main targets of youth health education should be campaigns aimed at atcessation of reinforcing risk behaviors and the development of a surveillance system for the prevention of chronic disease. These results can be used to find risk factors of health-risk behaviors among late adolescents.