• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.356-356
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• 2017

A field experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of tillage systems and fertilizer management on yield and nutrient uptake in Soybean. The plant height, fresh weight and dry weight of conventional tillage were much higher those observed for no-tillage. Significant differences in plant height were observed under tillage practices combined with fertilizer treatment. However, the greatest plant height (128.47 cm) was observed in conventional tillage with chemical fertilizer, and the lowest (45.4 cm) was observed in the no-tillage with green manure treatment. The highest fresh weight (172.4 g) and dry weight (44.1 g) were observed from the no-tillage chemical treatment in the late flowering stage of soybean. The plant concentration of nitrate was higher (2.29%) in no-tillage with green manure than it was with chemical fertilization. However, nitrogen increased steadily in all treatments, and the highest quantity of total nitrogen (476.7 Kg/ha) was observed in no-tillage with green manure. The N content in the soil decreased gradually just after the vegetative stage. Tillage practices and additional fertilizer application had an adverse effect on the uptake of N, P and K in soybean seeds. The nitrogen concentration in seeds was found to be increased in the no-tillage with green manure treatment. The uptake of more nitrogen induced a better yield. Thus, the no-tillage with green manure treatment had the greatest yield, although no significant difference was observed among foliar-applications and additional fertilization. Additionally, the phosphorus and potassium concentrations in seeds remained the same between the conventional tillage and no-tillage treatments. The results obtained in this study indicate that no-tillage strategies with fertilizers may influence the growth characteristics and mineral uptake in soybean.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 1992

1. Application of N.P.K compound fertilizer increased N.P.K contents in soils and application of peat and Miwon organic fertilizer showed the trend of increasing N contents in soils also. 2. N, Ca and Mg contents in radish leaves(top) were higher than in radish(bottom) but P content was revered. And application of N.P.K compound fertilizer always incresased N content in radish plants regardless of any other fertilzer addition. 3. Application of N.P.K compound fertilizer increased N.P.K contents in cabbage plants more compare to no application of N.P.K compound fertilizer regardless of other fertilizer application. 4. Plant growth status and yield (fresh weight) of radish and cabbage revealed that every fertilizer application increased plant growth and yield compared to no fertilizer application, but N.P.K compound fertilizer showed higher increment compared to organic matter fertilizer application except Miwon(2 level)treatment. However, organic fertilizer application together with N.P.K compound fertilizer level recommended showed the highest in radish and cabbage yield. 5. Effects of four organic fertilizer on yields(fresh weight) of radish and cabbage were in the order of Miwon organic fertilizer ${\geq}$ Biovin organic fertilizer > Compost ${\leq}$ Peat.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.195-202
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• 2018

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of spermine treatment on the growth, yield and quality in strawberry under low-temperature condition, and thereby develop a chemical method to minimize damages by low temperature in greenhouse cultivation. Spermine treatment significantly improved the growth of strawberry in terms of leaf number, leaf area, leaf length, leaf diameter, plant height and plant weight. The highest effect was observed in the 250 uM spermine treatment and the effect tended to be maintained during the entire growth period of 90 days. Fresh weight and dry weight were significantly different depending on the concentrations of spermine. Strawberry plants treated with 250 uM spermine showed higher fresh weight and dry weight compared to untreated control plants during the growth period. Fruit weight, fruit length and fruit diameter were relatively higher when treated with $100{\mu}M$ spermine compared to other treatments. The fruit yield was the highest with 14 fruits per plant at $250{\mu}M$ spermine treatment and the coloration of the fruit was the best at this treatment with the Hunter a and b values of 46.56 and 28.75, respectively. The hardness of strawberry fruit tended to increase higher than 2N at $250{\mu}M$ and $500{\mu}M$ 250 uM spermine treatment. The sugar content of strawberries treated with $250{\mu}M$ spermine was $9.5^{\circ}$ Bx which was $1.6^{\circ}$ Bx higher compared to that in untreated control. However, spermine treatment did not affect the acidity of fruit and it remained 0.68-0.76% regardless of treatment concentrations. These results suggest that spermine treatment has a positive effect on the growth and productivity of strawberry fruit under abnormal low-temperature condition. The positive effect was the highest at $250{\mu}M$ spermine treatment and gradually decreased in the order of $100{\mu}M$, $500{\mu}M$, and untreated control.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.196-202
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• 2008

To establish a cultivation system of Sedum sarmentosum using a rice nursery tray ($30{\times}60{\times}3\;cm$) in non-heating plastic film house, cuttings of two local strains (Wanju and Keumsan) were prepared and planted at different planting densities (40, 60 and 80 cuttings per tray) on September 7th, and subsequent growth and yield at pre- and post-winter season were investigated. When pre-wintering growth were measured at 60 days after planting, high planting density (80 cuttings/tray) decreased leaf length and lateral shoot number per plant compared to 40 cuttings/tray. When post-wintering growth were measured on April 20th, no significant growth differences as affected by planting density were observed in Keumsan strain, while decreased stem diameter, node number and leaf number were observed in Wanju strain planted at 80 cuttings/tray compared to 40 cuttings/tray. Fresh and dry weights were not significantly different as affected by planting density, but those were significantly increased in Wanju strain compared to Keumsan strain. When regrowth characteristics followed by the first harvest were measured on June 5th, significantly increased stem number was observed at 80 cuttings/tray compared to 40 cuttings/ tray. Fresh and dry weight were significantly increased in Keumsan strain planted at 80 cuttings/tray compared to 40 cuttings/tray, and dry weight were increased in Wanju strain compared to Keumsan strain. Wanju strain showed higher shoot yield, thicker stem, shorter node and larger leaf, and non-succulent stem under high planting density compared to Keumsan strain. Accordingly, the optimum density was 40 cuttings per tray, and Wanju strain was adequate for the cultivation system using a rice nursery tray.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.119-123
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• 2009

Waste nutrient solution (WNS) that composed of nutrient solution of horticultural research institute in Japan and used for culture tomato in perlite hydroponics showed $1.9{\sim}2.4$ dS/m of EC and $5.5{\sim}7.1$ of pH. Although $NH_{4}^+$-N concentration of WNS decreased remarkably, the others did not change significantly as compared with supplied solution. The growth characteristics such as plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, and leaf width were increased as amount of compost was increased in 1 L WNS supply treatment. But there was not any regular tendency on growth characteristics in 2 L/plant WNS supply treatment. The chlorophyll content of tomato leaf was highest in I L/plant WNS supply and 4,000 kg/10a compost treatment. The fresh and dry weight, and yield of tomato fruit also increased with increase of amount of WNS and compost, and they were highest in 1 L WNS supply and 4,000 kg/10a compost treatment. The sugar content of tomato fruits was not influenced by amount of WNS and compost, fructose and glucose and total sugar was highest in 2 L/plant WNS supply and 2,000 kg/10a compost treatment. Therefore fertigation culture used WNS is environmentally friendly and can guarantee yield and quality of tomato fruits and growth of tomato plants.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.353-360
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• 2011

This experiment was carried out to know adaptability, forage production and quality of corn hybrid for silage at paddy field at Chungnam region. Among agronomic characteristics, 'P32T83' hybrid was somewhat strong for waterlogging and good stay green, and low ear height as 57 cm and thicker stem diameter as 15.1 mm, and higher sugar content as 12 (Bo, %). The fresh and dry matter yield of 'P32T83' hybrid were the highest 55,220 kg/ha and 19,680 kg/ha, respectively. 'NC7117' hybrid was thicker as 15.5 cm and somewhat strong for waterlogging. The fresh and dry matter yield of 'NC7117' were 50,890 kg/ha and 19,110 kg/ha, respectively. The 'P32T83' hybrid was high as 81.9% in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). The result of this study indicated that 'P32T83' and 'NC7117' hybrid could be recommended as having good characters according to production, waterlogging tolerance, stay green, sugar content, and stem diameter at paddy field in Chungnam region.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.50-58
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• 2020

Sphacelaria is a filamentous brown algal genus that can be epibiotic on macroalgae, marine plants, and sea turtles. Its important role in benthic ecosystems, exposure to different stressors (e.g., grazing), and use as a model organism make Sphacelaria ideal for assessing physiological responses of organisms to environmental inputs. Single-cell RNA sequencing is a powerful new probe for understanding environmental responses of organisms at the molecular (transcriptome) level, capable of delineating gene regulation in different cell types. In the case of plants, this technique requires protoplasts ("naked" plant cells). The existing protoplast isolation protocols for Sphacelaria use non-commercial enzymes and are low-yielding. This study is the first to report the production of protoplasts from Sphacelaria fusca (Hudson) S.F. Gray, using a combination of commercial enzymes, chelation, and osmolarity treatment. A simple combination of commercial enzymes (cellulase Onozuka RS, alginate lyase, and driselase) with chelation pretreatment and an increased osmolarity (2512 mOsm/L H₂O) gave a protoplast yield of 15.08 ± 5.31 × 10⁴ protoplasts/g fresh weight, with all the Sphacelaria cell types represented. Driselase had no crucial effect on the protoplast isolation. However, the increased osmolarity had a highly significant and positive effect on the protoplast isolation, and chelation pretreatment was essential for optimal protoplast yield. The protocol represents a significant step forward for studies on Sphacelaria by efficiently generating protoplasts suitable for cellular studies, including single-cell RNA sequencing and expression profiling.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.292-297
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• 1995

We developed an in vitro assay method for evaluating plant growth promotion and providing an evidence that the growth promotion is rendered by growth enhancing factors. The amendment of culture filtrates of Trichoderma harzianum T95 and Gliocladium virens G872 and G872B in Murashige and Skoog (MS) agar medium enhanced the cotyledon growth of cucumber in terms of fresh weight and primary leaf area of cucumber cotyledon cuttings, of which the treatment of G. virens G872B was the most effective. The mycelial culture filtrate of G872B was more effective in the growth promotion than its conidial germling filtrate. The addition of 1% sucrose in MS mineral medium with 0.1% culture filtrates of the antagonists (T95 and G872B) was optimum for enhancing the effect of the filtrates on the growth of cotyledon cuttings in vitro. When cucumber seeds treated with G872B, Pseudomonas putida Pf3 or the G872B-Pf3 mixture were planted in a greenhouse, the rate of seed germination, biomass of shoot and root, and yield of cucumber fruits were increased, especially by G872B or the G872B-Pf3 mixture. Correspondingly, cucumber fruit yields in early to middle-cycles of harvest were significantly greater in the plots of G872B than the control and Pf3-treated plots, and the final yield was highest in the plots of the G872B-Pf3 mixture applications.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.164-167
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• 2017

Biological efficiency (BE), the ratio of fresh mushrooms harvested per dry substrate weight, expressed as the percentage of Lentinula edodes, also known as shiitake, was determined using the 'Sanjo 701' strain stored in the Department of Mushroom at the Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries. The mycelia were grown in glass columns with varying levels of moisture content and varying mixing periods of 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 hours. The substrate was sterilized using a steam pressure autoclave sterilizer at normal and high pressure to avoid contamination. The results showed that mycelial growth (126 mm/15 days) was optimized at 55% moisture content. The best mycelial growth of 117 mm/15 days was obtained with 2 hours of mixing time. Normal pressure sterilization yielded better results with mycelial growth of 96 mm/15 days at $100^{\circ}C$ compared to 88 mm /15 days with sterilization at $121^{\circ}C$. Mycelial density was higher, i.e. 3(+++), with normal pressure sterilization compared to 2(++) with high pressure sterilization. Furthermore, sawdust mixed with 5% woodchips increased the substrate porosity and yielded higher mycelial growth. Thus, we demonstrated that the optimum harvest or potential increased yield of shiitake can be obtained by modulating moisture content, mixing time, and substrate porosity.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.121-124
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• 2001

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g were planted in plug trays with vermiculite-based root medium on 10 August 2000 and grown for 15 days in a glasshouse to determine the effects of mini-tuber size on plug seedling growth and field performance of plug seedlings. For a control, common potato tubers weighing 50 g were also planted. As size of seed tubers planted increased from 10 to 50 g, seedling height decreased from 24.6 to 20.0cm while shoot number per seedling increased from 2.0 to 3.5, main stem diameter from 4.3 to 6.1mm, and fresh weight of root + top from 9.3 to 19.4 g/seedling. At 90 days after transplanting plug seedlings, the total number of tubers per plant increased from 3.62 to 4.72, average tuber weight from 62.9 to 72.8g, and total tuber yield 20.5 to 23.6 t/ha with increase in seed tuber size. Plug seedlings raised from 50g tubers produced 22% more tubers per plant and had 21 % higher＞80g tuber yield than the directly planted potatoes.