• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제41권3호
• /
• pp.258-268
• /
• 2013

목재산업은 녹색성장과 더불어 한국의 차세대 성장동력으로써 주목받고 있다. 또한, 지속적인 목재의 이용과 목재산업의 활성화를 위하여 "목재의 지속가능한 이용에 관한 법률"이 2012년 제정되었다. 자연으로부터 얻어진 목재자원의 가치를 향상시키고 선순환 구조를 지닌 목재제품이용의 확대를 통해 지속적인 성장을 동반하기 위해서는 목재제품 품질관리가 필요하다. 이 논문에서는 국내외 목재제품의 규격 품질표시제도를 살펴보고 국내 목재산업에의 적용을 위한 방안을 모색해 보고자 하였다. 제재목을 중심으로 미국, 캐나다, 뉴질랜드와 일본의 규격 품질표시제도의 운영현황에 대하여 조사하였으며 목재제품에 대한 규격 품질표시제도는 시스템 진화를 통해 생산자의 자발적 참여로 운영되는 제3자 인증제도로 발전됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 국내 목재제품의 규격 품질표시제도의 활성화를 위해서는 도입기에는 산림청 중심으로 일원화 시스템을 구축하여 조기정착을 유도하고 성장기 및 성숙기를 통해 인식구조 개선과 생산자의 자발적 참여를 위한 인센티브 개발 등의 기반을 마련하여 제3자 인증제도로 발전시켜야 할 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제47권4호
• /
• pp.451-458
• /
• 2019

Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq.) is a fast-growing species that exhibits a lower natural resistance than that exhibited by the timber sourced from natural forests. Jabon's resistance to termite attack can be improved by impregnating its wood structure with poisonous organic materials. This study examined jabon's resistance to termite attack when impregnated with wood vinegar and an animal adhesive. The wood specimens were impregnated using sengon wood vinegar and an animal adhesive (8% and 10%, respectively) using a vacuum pressure machine. The specimens were tested for their resistance to subterranean and dry-wood termites according to Indonesian National Standard (SNI 7207-2014). The results denoted that jabon impregnated with wood vinegar and an animal adhesive concentration of at least 8% with the addition of 4% borate was effective to resist termite attacks. The impregnated jabon exhibited a lower weight loss and higher termite mortality when compared with those exhibited by the control specimens. Thus, the resistance class improved from class IV to class I.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제47권5호
• /
• pp.597-606
• /
• 2019

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were successfully isolated from oil palm fronds (OPFs) using different concentrations of ammonium persulfate (APS), and their characteristics were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). APS oxidation effectively isolated CNCs with rod-like morphology in nanometer scale. The dimensions of the CNCs decreased with increasing APS concentration. FTIR and XRD analyses revealed that all the CNCs showed crystals in the form of cellulose I without crystal transformation occurring during APS treatment. The relative crystallinity of the CNCs increased with increasing APS concentration, whereas their thermal stability decreased. An APS concentration of 2 M was found to be optimal for isolating the CNCs.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제51권1호
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2023

Sengon (Falcataria moluccana Miq.) tree offers a wood of low quality and durability owing to its low density and thin cell walls. This study aimed to improve the properties of sengon wood by making the wood magnetic, producing new functions, and characterizing magnetic sengon wood. Each wood sample was treated using one of the following impregnation solutions: Untreated, 7.5% nano magnetite-furfuryl alcohol (Fe₃O₄-FA), 10% nano Fe₃O₄-FA, and 12.5% nano Fe₃O₄-FA. The impregnation process began with vacuum treatment at 0.5 bar for 2 h, followed by applying a pressure of 1 bar for 2 h. The samples were then tested for dimensional stability and density and characterized using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) analysis. The results showed that the Fe₃O₄-FA impregnation treatment considerable affected the dimensional stability, measured in terms of weight percent gain, anti-swelling efficiency, water uptake, and bulking effect, as well as the density of sengon wood. Changes in wood morphology were detected by the presence of Fe deposits in the cell walls and cell cavities of the wood using SEM-EDX analysis. XRD and FTIR analyses showed the appearance of magnetite peaks in the diffractogram and Fe-O functional groups. Based on the VSM analysis, treated sengon wood is classified as a superparamagnetic material with soft magnetic properties. Overall, 10% Fe₃O₄-FA treatment led to the highest increase in dimensional stability and density of sengon wood.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.355-360
• /
• 2017

This study was aimed to analyze the increased forestry incomes by combining timber production and wood processing, which is one of 6th industrialization types in Korean forestry. The selected household has been engaged in forestry for two generations and they produce timber and associated wood products in their own facility. The wood products include dimension lumber, interior wood material, cutting board, and cube chips, the household also utilize logging and sawmill residues as well as seed and seedlings as by-products. Incomes and expenses that have been incurred on individual processes of the sequential timber production and wood processing were surveyed, and we analyzed the economic outcomes of entire business. The results of this study indicate that the gross income of the household is 122.3 million Korean won and the net income is 93.6 million Korean won. The net income of the household is approximately 2.8 times higher than the average net income of whole households in the forestry of Korea in 2016, which is approximately 4.3 times higher than that of households that have been particularly engaged in timber production over the country. We found that the 6th industrialization by combining the two sequential processes creates approximately 3.2 times as much added value compared to the case relying on timber production only.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.9-20
• /
• 2008

Anatomical comparison of 3 North American species with commercial name of redcedar was executed to provide taxonomic information for prevention of confusion and establishment of sound business transaction in the wood market. Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana) and southern redcedar (Juniperus silicicola) could not be separated on the basis of microstructure and ultrastructure of wood. Western redcedar (Thuja plicata), however, appeared to be obviously separated from eastern and southern redcedar in a number of microscopic and ultramicroscopic features. Useful features for separating these two groups were intercellular spaces in transverse surface, latewood width, radial intertracheid pitting, warty layer and pits with torus extensions in tracheids, ray composition, nodular end walls in ray parenchyma cells, and cross-field pitting.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제49권1호
• /
• pp.93-102
• /
• 2021

In this article, withdrawal resistances of axially loaded self-tapping screws on wood products made by Korean Larch were predicted with existing estimation equation, and compared with experimental test data. The research was required because no design methodology for the withdrawal resistance of self-tapping screw is present in Korean building code (KBC). First, the withdrawal resistance of wood screw was predicted to use the withdrawal design value estimation equation in National Design Specification for Wood Construction (NDS). Second, three types of wood products, solid wood, cross-laminated timber (CLT) and plywood, were utilized for withdrawal test. For decades, various engineered wood products have been developed, especially cross-laminated timber (CLT) and hybrid timber composites such as timber composites of solid wood and plywood. Therefore, CLT and plywood were also investigated in this study as well as solid wood. Finally, the predicted values were compared with experimentally tested values. As the results, the tested values of solid wood and CLT were higher than the predicted values. In contrast, it is inaccurate to predict withdrawal resistance of plywood since prediction was higher than tested values.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제46권2호
• /
• pp.155-165
• /
• 2018

The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of particle pre-treatment on physical, mechanical, and durability of jatropha fruit hulls (JFH) particleboard. The pre-treatments included were immersing in cold water, hot water, and acetic acid solution. After each treatment, the particles were dried up to 3% moisture content. Urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin was used to fabricate particleboards with board size, thickness and density target of 25 cm by 25 cm, 0.80 cm, and $0.70g/cm^3$, respectively. Board pressed at $130^{\circ}C$ for 10 minutes, and $25kg/cm^2$ pressure. The evaluation of particleboard followed the JIS A 5908-2003. Whilist their resistance to subterranean termite test (mass loss, mortality, antifeedant value and feeding rate) refers to the Indonesian standard (SNI 01.7207-2006). The physical and mechanical properties of particleboards showed that all pre-treatments decreased the pH of particles. Overall, all particle immersing treatments resulted of better physical and mechanical properties of particleboard than those of untreated ones. The acetic acid treatment resulted the best physical and mechanical properties of particleboard. Based on the mass loss of JFH particleboard, hot water and acetic acid treated particleboards were classified into weak resistance to subterranean attack. The other two treatments were classified into very weak resistance. Hot water treated particleboard provided the highest mortality and antifeedant as much as 87.40% and 34.20%, respectively. Based on antifeedant classification, hot water treated particleboards were classified into moderately strong resistance, while other treatments were categorized into weak resistance. The lowest feeding rate value ($45.30{\mu}g/termite/day$) was attained by hot water treatment.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제109권4호
• /
• pp.521-531
• /
• 2020

이 연구의 목적은 임업과 목재산업이 전체 경제에 미치는 영향 그리고 산업의 연관관계를 분석하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 한국은행의 2015년 산업연관표를 이용하여 임업과 목재산업 중심으로 재분류하고 경제적 파급효과와 다른 산업에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 생산유발효과는 종이제품 생산업, 제재업, 영림업에서 상대적으로 높게 나타났고, 다른 목재산업의 생산유발효과는 크지 않았다. 부가가치유발효과는 영림과 원목생산에서 높게 나타났다. 그리고 목재산업에서 후방연쇄효과보다 전방연쇄효과가 높게 나타나 경제 전체를 유지하는 데 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 다른 산업에 미치는 파급효과를 분석한 결과를 보면 목재산업의 생산증가가 임업에 미치는 파급효과가 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 목재산업과 임업은 산림생태계관리와 기후변화 대응에서 중요한 역할을 하므로 이들의 연관성을 높이는 것은 산림정책에서 중요한 정책과제이다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제51권3호
• /
• pp.183-196
• /
• 2023

Recently, the morphological and molecular features of five stain fungi infecting rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis), namely Paecilomyces maximus, Paecilomyces formosus, Penicillium crustosum, Paecilomyces lecythidis and Aspergillus chevalieri, have been studied. Prior to this study, the authors revealed that catechin from gambir (Uncaria gambir) could inhibit the growth of the white-rot fungus Schizophyllum commune, and it was important to determine the bioactivity of the aforementioned agent against A. chevalieri. The efficacy of the biocidal agent was examined using a laboratory wooden block test. Rubberwood blocks, 8 mm in thickness, 20 mm in width, and 30 mm in length, were impregnated with catechin solution at concentrations of 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15% (w/v) using the vacuum-pressure method, and their bioactivity was monitored over three weeks through visual and scanning electron microscope assessment of fungal growth as well as the discoloration intensity of the wood samples. The results showed that catechin treatment increased the resistance of wood samples to A. chevalieri. Overall, the higher the catechin concentration, the lower the fungal growth. The lowest fungal growth was observed in the wood samples treated with 12% and 15% catechin (score of 0), demonstrating no discoloration. In contrast, the fungal growth score of the untreated wood samples reached 4, indicating severe discoloration. Catechins appear to be adequate biofungicides against stain fungi in rubberwood.