• 제목/요약/키워드: forest quality

검색결과 1,251건 처리시간 0.026초

장기 저장과 저장 온도에 따른 소나무 종자 품질과 생리적 특성 (Quality and Physiological Characteristics of Pinus densiflora Seeds Under Different Storage Periods and Temperatures)

  • 구다은;구자정;한심희
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제111권3호
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    • pp.418-427
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    • 2022
  • 연구는 장기 저장된 소나무 종자의 품질을 평가하고 발아 특성과 생리적 특성 간의 상관 관계를 검증하였으며, 이를 위해 저장 기간과 온도에 따른 종자 발아와 생리적 특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 소나무 종자는 4℃에 12년 간 저장되었을 때, 발아율 99%, T50 6.5일로 종자 활력 및 종자세 저하가 거의 일어나지 않았으며, -18℃에 저장할 경우, 저장기간이 더 길어졌다. 또한, 장기 저장에 따른 퇴화 과정 중 활력보다 종자세의 감소가 먼저 일어나는 것으로 나타났다. 종자 침출수의 전기전도도는 4℃에 19년 간 저장되어 활력을 완전히 소실한 종자에서 유의하게 높았으며, 발아율, T50, 평균발아 일수, 발아속도와의 상관관계가 있었다. 침출수에 누출된 무기질 중에서는 K의 농도가 가장 높았으며, 그 다음으로는 Na, Ca, Cu, Mg, Fe 순으로 평균 농도가 높았고, Mn과 Zn은 검출되지 않았다. K, Ca, Cu, Mg, Fe 농도는 처리별로 통계적인 차이가 있었으며, K, Ca, Cu, Na, Mg의 경우, 활력을 완전히 소실한 종자와 그렇지 않은 종자에서 차이를 보였고, Cu의 경우, 2003년에 채집한 종자와 나머지 종자와의 차이가 컸다. 발아율은 Ca, Cu, K, Mg, Na 농도와 부의 상관을 보였으며, 발아균일도는 Cu 농도와 부의 상관을 보였고, 다른 발아 특성은 무기질 농도와 상관이 없었다. 따라서 종자 침출수의 무기질 농도는 개체간의 품질 차이가 적은 경우, 경향이 뚜렷하지 않았으나, 전기전도도는 장기 저장 종자의 활력 뿐 아니라 종자세의 차이를 나타내는 지표가 될 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

COSMO-SkyMed 2 Image Color Mapping Using Random Forest Regression

  • Seo, Dae Kyo;Kim, Yong Hyun;Eo, Yang Dam;Park, Wan Yong
    • 한국측량학회지
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    • 제35권4호
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    • pp.319-326
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    • 2017
  • SAR (Synthetic aperture radar) images are less affected by the weather compared to optical images and can be obtained at any time of the day. Therefore, SAR images are being actively utilized for military applications and natural disasters. However, because SAR data are in grayscale, it is difficult to perform visual analysis and to decipher details. In this study, we propose a color mapping method using RF (random forest) regression for enhancing the visual decipherability of SAR images. COSMO-SkyMed 2 and WorldView-3 images were obtained for the same area and RF regression was used to establish color configurations for performing color mapping. The results were compared with image fusion, a traditional color mapping method. The UIQI (universal image quality index), the SSIM (structural similarity) index, and CC (correlation coefficients) were used to evaluate the image quality. The color-mapped image based on the RF regression had a significantly higher quality than the images derived from the other methods. From the experimental result, the use of color mapping based on the RF regression for SAR images was confirmed.

계류수의 이화학성에 미치는 동결융해침식토사의 영향 (Influences of the Solifluction Soil on the Physicochemistry of Stream Water Quality)

  • 박재현;이승우;최형태
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.17-24
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    • 2002
  • This research was conducted to investigate the influences caused by solifluction soil on the physicochemistry of stream water quality at the riparian area four points in the northeastern part of the Bughansan National Park from March to May of 2001. The average pH of stream water was higher than those in the caused by solifluction soil. The average electrical conductivity of upstream water was about 0.8~1.7 times lower than those in the caused by solifluction soil, but the average electrical conductivity of downstream water was about 1.6~3.8 times higher than those in the caused by solifluction soil. Therefore, these results showed that the water quality of downstream was worse than that of upstream. Twelve factors including the physicochemistry on the stream water and caused by solifluction soil were analyzed by spss/pc+ for the data collected from during March to May of 2001. pH of stream water was very significantly correlated with pH and electrical conductivity at the caused by solifluction soil. And the electrical conductivity of stream water was very significantly correlated with electrical conductivity and the amount of cation($Na^+$, ${NH_4}^+$, $Mg^{2+}$) at the caused by solifluction soil.

전통한지의 처리공정에 따른 물성변화 (Effect of Traditional Hanji Manufacturing Process on Its Physical Properties)

  • 서영범;최찬호;전양
    • 펄프종이기술
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.28-34
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    • 2001
  • Korea traditional handmade paper, Hanji, has been known for more than thousand years for its high strength, high whiteness, high gloss, good ink reception and long lasting quality. Main component fiber of the Hanji is called 'Dak', which is the bast fiber of the Korea paper mulberry ($\textit{Broussonetia kazinoki}$). Dak has long fiber length, and high cellulose DP, if processed properly. The quality of Hanji is partly from the superior quality of Dak over wood fiber, and partly from the traditional papermaking process. The traditional papermaking process includes pulping, bleaching, refining, use of natural polymer, and sheet making process. Every traditional process has its special role. Comparisons between the modern papermaking technology and the traditional process were made in this study. The traditional process effectively protected cellulose DP in pulping and bleaching process, protected fiber length in refining process, and developed the high strength in the sheet forming process over the modern papermaking process.

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백수의 수질이 양이온성 PAM의 흡착에 미치는 영향 (Effect of White Water Quality on the Adsorption of Cationic PAM on Fibers)

  • 이지영;이학래;윤혜정
    • 펄프종이기술
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    • 제37권1호
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2005
  • Many factors which affect the adsorption of cationic polymers on fibers and fines have been investigated by many researchers that include contact time, pH, collision frequency, properties of cationic polymers and adsorbent, etc. But the effect of white water quality on the adsorption of cationic polymer have not been examined throughly. In this study, the adsorption of cationic PAM was analyzed as a function of white water quality. The adsorption of the cationic PAM was analyzed by two analysis methods, Kjeldahl nitrogen content measurement and electrokinetic measurements. When the distilled water was used, adsorbed amount of C-PAM and zeta-potential of fibers increased as a function of the addition of C-PAM. When closure level increased, nitrogen content of fibers increased indicating that the cationic PAM was adsorbed. Zeta-potential of fibers, however, showed no significant change with the increased addition of C-PAM. This showed that adsorption of C-PAM was not reflected by zeta-potential of fibers due to the deteriorated efficiency of C-PAM by the anionic contaminants in white water.

대청호 Chl-a 예측을 위한 random forest와 gradient boosting 알고리즘 적용 연구 (A study on applying random forest and gradient boosting algorithm for Chl-a prediction of Daecheong lake)

  • 이상민;김일규
    • 상하수도학회지
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    • 제35권6호
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    • pp.507-516
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    • 2021
  • In this study, the machine learning which has been widely used in prediction algorithms recently was used. the research point was the CD(chudong) point which was a representative point of Daecheong Lake. Chlorophyll-a(Chl-a) concentration was used as a target variable for algae prediction. to predict the Chl-a concentration, a data set of water quality and quantity factors was consisted. we performed algorithms about random forest and gradient boosting with Python. to perform the algorithms, at first the correlation analysis between Chl-a and water quality and quantity data was studied. we extracted ten factors of high importance for water quality and quantity data. as a result of the algorithm performance index, the gradient boosting showed that RMSE was 2.72 mg/m3 and MSE was 7.40 mg/m3 and R2 was 0.66. as a result of the residual analysis, the analysis result of gradient boosting was excellent. as a result of the algorithm execution, the gradient boosting algorithm was excellent. the gradient boosting algorithm was also excellent with 2.44 mg/m3 of RMSE in the machine learning hyperparameter adjustment result.

임상도와 위성영상자료를 이용한 산림지역의 녹지자연도 추정기법 개발 (Development of a Methodology to Estimate the Degree of Green Naturality in Forest Area using Remote Sensor Data)

  • 이규성;윤정숙
    • 환경영향평가
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    • 제8권3호
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    • pp.77-90
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    • 1999
  • The degree of green naturality (DGN) has played a key role for maintaining the environmental quality from inappropriate developments, although the quality and effectiveness of the mapping of DGN has been under debate. In this study, spatial distribution of degree of green naturality was initially estimated from forest stand maps that were produced from the aerial photo interpretation and extensive field survey. Once the boundary of initial classes of DGN were defined, it were overlaid with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data that were derived from the recently obtained Landsat Thematic Mapper data. NDVI was calculated for each pixel from the radiometrically corrected satellite image. There were no significant differences in mean values of vegetation index among the initial DGN classes. However, the satellite derived vegetation index was very effective to delineate the developed and damaged forest lands and to adjust the initial value of DGN according to the distribution of NDVI within each class.

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아왜나무와 종가시나무의 생육에 대한 지중매입형 컨테이너의 효과 (Effects of Underground Container Types on Plant Growth of Viburnum odoratissimum var. awabuki and Quercus glauca)

  • 최수민;신현철;허근영;정현종
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.67-74
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    • 2012
  • This study was carried out to cultivate evergreen-leaved tree container seedlings having low cost of equipment and easy to control. Two species of V. odoratissimum var. awabuki and Q. glauca planting in respective underground container were showed survival rate above 90%. The Relative growth rates of height was good in non-treatment and root collar diameter was no significant difference between treatments. The T/R ratio was respectively 1.1, 1.0 in container type of F, G. and root's biomass products was more effective than others. A container type of F showed better Quailty index than others with 16.2 values. Q. glauca was higher T/R ratio in root development than shoot and the quality index was high in container type of E, D with 4.0. 3.5, respectively. On the basis of the results obtained in this study, we can concluded that the underground container type was suitable to F in V. odoratissimum var. awabuki and to D or E in Q. glauca.

Effect of Copper Retention on Copper Leaching in Wood Treated with Copper-based Preservatives

  • Ra, Jong-Bum;Kang, Sung-Mo;Kang, Shin-Kwon
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제37권5호
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    • pp.421-425
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    • 2009
  • This research investigates the effect of copper retention on copper leaching in wood treated with copper-based preservatives. Radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) sapwood samples were ground in a Wiley mill equipped with a 20-mesh screen. The ground wood was vacuum-treated with various concentrations of alkaline copper quat (ACQ), bis-(N-cyclohexyl-diazeniumdioxy)-copper (CB-HDO), and copper azole (CUAZ). The treated samples were conditioned at $70^{\circ}C$ and 100% RH for 72 hours. The samples were leached by using the distilled water for four weeks, and the copper contents in each sample were measured by X-ray spectroscopy. As expected, the copper leaching was increased with increasing of copper retention. The copper leaching from the ACQ and CB-HDO treated samples were gradually decreased with increasing copper retention: however, the copper losses from the CUAZ treated samples appeared to be proportionally increased with the increase in copper retention in all retention levels tested. The results indicate that at the conditions of the same copper retention ACQ and CB-HDO treated wood have a better leaching resistance compared to CUAZ treated wood.

시뮬레이션 기법을 활용한 친환경적 건축물 높이 예측 프로그램 개발 (Simulation Program for Estimating the Environmentally Acceptable Building Height using the GIS Simulation Technique)

  • 박영규;전준헌;노혜정;권순덕
    • 한국지리정보학회지
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.35-44
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    • 2009
  • 본 연구에서는 GIS기반의 공간분석과 시뮬레이션기법을 활용하여 산림스카이라인 및 자연경관 훼손을 사전에 검증할 수 있는 친환경적 건축물 높이 예측 프로그램을 개발하고 현지적정성을 검토하였다. 건축물의 높이 예측과 같은 경관평가에 조망점의 위치 등의 선정방법이 큰 영향을 미치는 요인이므로 GIS의 지형분석과 가시권분석을 이용하여 자동조망점을 선정하고, 기존의 조망점 선정방법과의 차이를 통계적으로 검증하였다. One-way ANOVA를 이용하여 분석한 결과 모든 사례지역에서 조망점 선정방법에 따른 평균값의 차이가 없는 것으로 평가되었다. 이에 따라 자동조망점 선정방법으로 프로그램을 개발하고, 필요에 따라 추가 조망점을 선정할 수 있도록 설계하였다. 개발된 프로그램을 이용하여 5개 사례지역에 시뮬레이션을 적용한 결과, 산림경관 및 주변 환경과 조화로운 것으로 나타났다. 다만, 등고선을 기준으로 건축물 높이를 예측하였기 때문에 건축물 값이 다소 낮게 나온 경향이 있으므로 향후연구에서는 나무의 높이와 같은 산림요소에 대한 고려가 필요하다.

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