• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.173-190
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to verify whether it is possible for participants to discriminate between innocent and guilty suspects when they are exposed to criminal information utilizing an autobiographical implicit association test (aIAT). A total of 49 college students were randomly assigned to guilty group, innocent-aware group, or innocent-unaware group. Participants performed an aIAT to detect suspects after performing either mock crime or control task. It was verified that innocent suspect and guilty suspect exposed with crime information could be distinguished through D-score and reaction time, converted to symbolize strength of the association between guilty sentences, innocent sentences, and truth sentences. As a result of the analysis, guilty group showed significantly higher D-score than both innocent-aware group and innocent-unaware group. guilty group also showed faster response time in true-guilty condition than true-innocent condition. This shows that the association of true-guilty conditions is stronger than that of true-innocent conditions. On the other hand, the innocent-aware group showed a faster response time in the true-innocent condition than the true-guilty condition, and innocent-unaware group showed no significant difference between the two conditions. Through this, it was confirmed that innocent suspects exposed to criminal information can be discriminated according to the aIAT pattern, which has a faster reaction rate to the truth and innocence union than the guilty group. This study confirmed that suspects exposed to criminal information can be effectively discriminated using aIAT, and further suggests the usefulness and potential of aIAT in the field of lie detection.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.379-386
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was examine the mediating effects of defeat and entrapment on the relationship between mentally disordered offender's depression and suicidal ideation. A sample of 86 patients in the national forensic hospital completed self-report measures of depression, defeat, entrapment and suicidal ideation. The data from patients collected data were analyzed by mediating effects according to the procedures prosposed by Baron and Kenny. As a result, defeat and entrapment fully mediated the relationship between depression and suicidal ideation, indicating that depression indirectly affect suicidal ideation through defeat and entrapment. Finally, limitations of the results of this study and therapeutic interventions to prevent suicides by mentally disordered offenders were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.147-167
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• 2022

This study was conducted to find out the difference in judgment of murder cases by participants' generation according to the type of murder. 196 adults in their 20s and older were randomly assigned to one of the scenarios of parricide, filicide, and murder, then responded to the judgment(ex. judgment of the perpetrator, degree of deviation from social norms, and judgment of victim responsibility). Finally, 128 responses were used in the analysis. As a result, it was found that the main effect of the murder type and the interaction effect of the generation and the murder type were not shown in all dependent variables. However, the difference between generations was statistically significant in the judgment of the perpetrator (e.g., perpetrator blame, perpetrator responsibility, intentional crime, etc.), indicating that millennials made unfavorable judgments to the perpetrator. Especially, in the case of parricide, it was found that millennials made unfavorable judgments to perpetrators than older generations. Also, it was found that the participants of the older generation tended to make unfavorable judgments toward the perpetrator of murder rather than the perpetrator of parricide. Finally, based on these results, this study proposed the need to reconsider the 'victim of survivors' factor, which is considered as a weighing of an offense for special sentencing factors.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.287-307
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• 2020

Child sexual abuse (CSA), under the age of 13, has increased over the past ten years, but research on the perceptions of perpetrators and victims have mainly focused on sexual violence against adults. Differentiating the age of the perpetrator into child, adolescent, and adult, the present study examined differences in perceptions of perpetrators and victims of child sexual abuse. The study also investigated differences by the gender of respondents, and examined the effects of Sexual Violence Myths (SVM) and Authoritarian Personality on perceptions of child sexual abuse. A total of 210 people in their 20s to 60s evaluated the degree to perpetrator blaming, perpetrator punishment, victim responsibility, and pain of the victim, and responded to the SVM scale and Authoritarian Personality scale. The correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA, independent samples t-test, and mediation analysis were conducted. The difference in the perception of perpetrator punishment by the age of the perpetrator was significant, indicating that respondents thought that adolescent perpetrators should be more severely punished than child perpetrators. Male respondents compared to female respondents were more likely to attribute the responsibility of sexual assault to the victim, to accept sexual violence myths and to be authoritarian. Sexual Violence Myths mediated the effects of the gender of respondents on the perception of victim responsibility, and Authoritarian Personality moderated these mediation effects. Finally, the limitations and implications of the study were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.171-197
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine empirically how the lay people judge self-defense and what factors could affect it. A total of 651 participants aged 20 years and over were asked to answer, attitude toward interpersonal violence, and legal attitude questionnaire, all divided by the type of self-defense. Participants were assigned one of the three types of situations that were claimed to be self-defense, and were given articles and scenarios related to each type of self-defense before making self-defense judgments. In addition, the impact of personal factors on self-defense judgment was analyzed after the legal attitude, and the attitude toward interpersonal violence, which are personal factors, was also measured. The results showed that the rate of recognition of self-defense was the highest in the type of self-defense for oneself, but the rate of denial of self-defense against state agencies was much higher, indicating the opposite. Furthemore, negative articles on self-defense were found to affect the judgment of self-defense. In addition, it was found that the level of the attitude toward interpersonal violence and legal attitude of individual participants could affect the judgment of self-defense. The general public's judgment process and the factors that affect self-defense judgment may be considered to prevent biased judgment in actual jury trials. Finally, influence, and limitations of this study and suggestions of subsequent study were also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.251-277
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to verify the effect of gender and amount of criminal settlement on punitive judgment and responsibility judgment in a false rape allegation case. An online survey was conducted on 406 adult men and women and were randomly assigned to one of six experimental condition. The findings of this study are as follow. First, there was an interaction effect of the gender of the participant and the gender of the defendant in the punitive judgment and responsibility judgment except sentencing judgment. In other words, participants applied heavier punishment and sentencing judgments to the defendants of the opposite gender, while lighter punishment and sentencing judgments were applied to the defendants of the same gender. However, the amount of the criminal settlement did not have a significant effect on all dependent variables. In this study, we empirically examined how the gender of the participants, the gender of the defendant and the amount of the criminal settlement affect the judgment of the false allegation of rape case which has not yet been fully discussed in Korea. In addition, it is meaningful to see how the amount of criminal settlement, which has not been covered before, affects the perception of victims of sexual violence who demand criminal settlement. The implications and limitations of the study were also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.279-300
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• 2021

The study explored the association between narcissism and sexual dating violence, and how ambivalent sexism affects the relation. Additionally, this study investigated if there exists gender difference in the relations between factors of narcissism and sexual dating violence, and the mediating effects of ambivalent sexism. Based on 200 participants(100 males and 100 females), the mediation effect of ambivalent sexism on the relation between narcissism and sexual dating violence was examined. For male participants, the mediation effect of hostile sexism on the relation between narcissism and sexual dating violence was significant, whereas for female participants the mediation effect of benevolent sexism on the relation between narcissism and sexual dating violence was significant. Different patterns were evident regarding the associations between factors of narcissism and sexual dating violence. For males, the more with exhibitionism and entitlement, the more with hostile sexism, and the more with sexual dating violence. For females, the more with exhibitionism, entitlement, and self-sufficiency, the more with benevolent sexism, and the more with sexual dating violence. The study revealed that the mediation effect of ambivalent sexism between narcissism and sexual dating violence differed by gender and by factors of narcissism. Finally, preventions measures for sexual dating violence were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.241-265
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to compare the current victims' rights guide, which was revised during 2019, with former victims' rights guide to determine whether the current guide improved the comprehension of victims' rights among lay people. In addition, we examined the effect of the level of education and perceived stress on the comprehension of the victims' rights. A total of 289 participants were asked to answer a series of questions to examine their comprehension level of the victim's rights and to measure their level of education and perceived stress level. The results showed that the objective comprehension level the current guide condition was higher than the former one, but no difference was found with the subjective comprehension level. The interaction effect between conditions of the guide and educational level was not found on the objective comprehension of the victims' rights. The effect of the conditions of the guide on the subjective comprehension of victims' rights indicated a tendency to decrease by perceived stress. Finally, policy implications and limitations of this study were also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.75-97
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• 2021

This study investigated whether judgments of sexual violence involving juvenile victims vary by history of victim's juvenile prostitution, victim's behavior conforming to stereotypes of an "ideal" victim, and relationships between victim and perpetrator. The study also examined the effects of participants' level of authoritarianism and rape myth acceptance on their judgments of sexual violence. A total of 335 participants(170 females, 165 males) in their 20s to 50s assessed the degree of victim blaming and perpetrator sentencing. This study examined the effects of participants' gender and age on the judgments of victim blaming and perpetrator sentencing, and the mediation effects of authoritarianism and rape myth acceptance. As a result, participants blamed the victim more and imposed a lighter sentence on the perpetrator when the juvenile victim did not conform to the image of an "ideal" victim of sexual violence as opposed to a "typical victim". They also blamed the victim more when the victim and the perpetrator met through a chat application than when the victim and the perpetrator had known each other. Male participants as opposed to female participants blamed the victim more, punished the perpetrator more lightly, and exhibited a higher level of authoritarianism and rape myth acceptance. The older the participants were, the more they blamed the victim and the higher they demonstrated rape myth acceptance. The effect of the participants' gender on the judgment of the perpetrator punishment was mediated by rape myth acceptance, and the effect of the participants' gender and age on the victim blaming was mediated by authoritarianism and rape myth acceptance.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.23-52
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• 2022

In this study, focused group interviews with 24 incumbent judges were conducted on how they conceptualize public opinion and what attitude they take toward it in relation to judicial trials. The contents of the interviews were analyzed through grounded theory and topic modeling (STM). According to the grounded theory results, judges distinguished concepts such as social rules, socially accepted ideas, legal emotion, and public mood from public opinion, and subdivided public opinion into temporary and emotional reactions to specific legal cases and consistent attitudes toward law and policies. In addition, it was found that judges' attitudes toward public opinion and social norms differed depending on the type of cases or legal issues. Topic modeling results significantly corresponded to the grounded theory results. In this model, the effects of the types of cases dedicated to participants on topical prevalence were statistically significant.