• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.88-93
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• 1996

A clinical analysis was made of 42 pilomatricoma in 34 children treated, from January 1980 to August 1996 at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hanyang University. The gender ratio was 13 to 21 with female preponderance. The average age at presentation was 7 years 3 months(range 8 months to 19 years old). The time average interval from onset to excision was 9.8 months. The predilection site was neck, upper extremities, face, trunk and lower extremities in the decreasing order of frequency. The masses were less than 3cm in diameter and there was no correlation between age at presentation and size of the mass. Of the six children with multiple lesions, two presented with multiple lesions initially and four presented with second lesion metachronously after excision of the primary lesions. Two girls had cysticercosis and von Recklinghausen's disease respectively in association with a pilomatricoma. All lesions were encapsulated subcutaneous masses which were clearly distinguished from surrounding tissue, and 4 of them had pigmentation, ulceration, skin disruption and hemorrhagic changes in the overlying skin. Microscopically the mass was composed of basophilic cells and eosinophilic shadow cells. Calcification, foreign body giant cell, ossification, focal cystic, inflammatory or necrotic changes were also seen.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2005년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.407-411
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 자원재활용에 대한 이해를 돕기 위해, 어린이들의 흥미를 유발시키고 과학적인 호기심을 충족시키는 방식으로 3D 그래픽 편집기와 DirectX 프로그래밍 도구를 이용하여 3D 온라인 레이싱 게임을 개발하였다. 단순히 게임에 참여하는 것만으로도 자연스럽게 재활용자원의 수집과 분류 과정을 체험할 수 있으며, 애니메이션 기법으로 제작된 재활용 공정 콘텐츠를 학습할 수 있도록 하였다. 특히, 한글뿐만 아니라 영어 버전을 동시에 제공함으로써 해외에서도 교육 및 홍보 매체로 활용될 수 있으며 해외기관과의 교류가 가능하도록 하였다. 결과적으로 어린이들이 직접 즐길 수 있는 게임의 형태로 개발되어 자원재활용에 대한 교육용 콘텐츠로 활용될 수 있다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2003

The development of science technology and high growth of economy have influenced on the change of living environment and have changed people's way of thinking and behavior. Also, apartments has appeared to solve the shortage of housing in cities. This study has a thorough grasp about problems of juvenile playground in the apartments and comes the following conclusion as a result that all sorts of details for amusement behavior have been analyzed. First, juvenile playground should be harmonized with nature, and needs a construction of amusement place that include fixed amusement facilities. Second, for a constitution of dynamic amusement place, a school playground should be opened in the public and parking lots should be utilized for dynamic amusement place in a different time. Third, juvenile playground should be classified by age, especially infant amusement facilities should be installed where a landscape architecture has placed between buildings. Also a daylight should be shined into the place, under considering the installation of bench for parents and rest space. Fourth, a location of amusement place is needed a careful consideration of the environment and building placement, in addition that suitable distance should be set up for children to come into contact easily. Fifth, insufficient things should be complemented as compared with the standards of foreign amusement facilities and guideline should be suggested for maintenance and management of amusement place.

• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2018

It has become a request of the time that multicultural population and multicultural education have become an issue and a subject of interest in the Korean society. The numbers of foreigners and multicultural families such as international marriage families and foreign worker families living in Korea are increasing, which have resulted in a geometrical increase in the number of multicultural families' children attending school. This leads an assumption that discrimination in terms of race, gender, religion, and culture can occur in school settings and the children of multicultural families are prone to become the targets of group bullying and school violence. This study first examined the current policy of multicultural education in Korea and reviewed the meanings and necessity of multicultural counseling above multicultural education. Second, this study classified and reviewed the applicability of the policy of multicultural education into multicultural education sites by groups. Third, this study selected and organized the increasing demands for multicultural counseling and assignments to effectively respond to them. Interest toward the children of multicultural families and counseling have increased with more researches on multicultural families. It will be thus necessary to accumulate more studies on multicultural counseling and ensure internal stability of multicultural-related businesses.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.182-201
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to examine a married nurse's experience of child rearing through being applied to phenomenological research method. By exchanging their experiences, helping and understanding one another, married nurses can work with delight considering their own present job as their lifelong job. In addition this study can help single nurses overcome the female crises such as marriage, childbirth, and child rearing they will experience in the future. The subjects of this research was 26 married nurses who work for a university hospital in affiliation in Seoul and have children. The period of materials collection was from Feb. 1st to Mar. 3, 1995. The method of materials collection was primarily to write down a questionary with openhearted contents. In collecting it, the respondents were allowed to say at their pleasure through further interview. The materials were analyzed by Giorgi's phenomenological analysis method. The findings of this study are as follows ; 1) The responses of married nurses' experience of child rearing-[pleasure] [family solidarity] [maternal-infant attachment] [understanding] [toilsome]-were induced. That is, at once affirmative experience and hard experience coexisted. 2) The method of married nurses' child rearing-[rearing politely] [raising understanding] [having the sense of family community] [rearing with praying the heart] [careless]-were induced. 3) The support system of married nurses' child rearing-[having help family] [having help from others]-were induced. According to the above findings, the married nursed showed affirmative responses about their experience of child rearing, but at the same time they expressed painful when stayed apart from their children on account of their job or when their children were sick. In the method of child rearing, they tried to grow their children polite because there was much time for them to stay apart from their children. And they tried to give a better explanation in order that their children can have an independence spirit. They tended to compensate through frequent physical touch with their children. As the support system of married nurses' child rearing, they asked their parents or their parents-in-law to take care of their children, hired a nursery governess in their houses, or used a children's home, if they can't afford to. That is, the only one who has a firm sense of her profession, tries to inspire her accomplishment, and is receiving her husband' love and understanding is considered to perform two things simultaneously with harmony, having an recognition of lifelong job. Suggestions 1. The method to solve mental troubles on child rearing should be groped. 2. Their economical burden should be reduced by establishing children's home in their working places, and the increase of maternal-infant interaction should be contrived. 3. The chance of education should be offered in order that married nurses themselves might inspire self-conceit and professionalism on clinical nursing. 4. The familiar mood should be created through planning the programs to be accompanied with children as an annual event in hospital. 5. The part-time nurse system should be suggested to utilize. 6. The system of circulation working should be converted into the system of fixing working according to the characteristic of each department. 7. Programs for special activities such as learning foreign languages and computer should be supported positively.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.507-517
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• 2017

어린이공원 내 주 이용자인 어린이 이용자 감소하고 고령층의 이용이 높아지는 상황에서 공원조성의 다양성이 필요하다. 특히 고령화 사회는 노인여가문제가 현실화 되고 있어 이를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 '다목적공원'이 필요할 것으로 판단하여 모형개발 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 국내 외 어린이공원을 조사 분석하고, 어린이공원의 이용행태를 파악하기 위해 연구대상지를 선정하여 고찰하였다. 연구대상지를 선정하기 위해 공원의 조성 위치를 조사한 결과 대부분의 어린이공원은 단독주택지와 공동주택지에 조성률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 조사결과 현재 어린이공원은 법에 의한 유치거리와 면적에 의해 조성되고 있으며, 변함없이 획일적임을 알 수 있었다. 이에 본 연구는 어린이공원을 고령자도 함께 이용할 수 있는 '다목적공원'으로 조성하기 위한 모형개발을 위한 기초자료 제시를 목적으로 한다. 연구대상은 대구시 7구 1군 중 단독주택지와 공동주택지의 구분이 가능하고 비교대상지간거리가 가까운 곳을 선정하여 시기별 요일별 이용층별 이용률을 비교분석하였다. 그 결과 현재 어린이공원은 다양한 시설물의 배치가 미흡하고, 디자인적인 모티브와 콘덴츠없이 획일적임을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 어린이공원을 '다목적공원 모형을 개발'함으로서 다양한 연령층의 이용률을 높일 수 있을 것으로 파악되었다.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.21-35
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• 2017

1990년대 이후 중국에서부터 시작된 한류는 전 세계적인 현상으로 자리매김하고 있다. 그러므로 최근 외국인 관광객 증가 흐름을 살펴보았을 때 방한 수요를 결정하는 거시적인 요인 외에 한류현상도 중요한 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있다. 또한 방한 수요와 관련한 기존의 연구들이 연령별 차이를 두지 않고 전 세대를 포괄하거나 특정 세대만을 대상으로 분석하고 있다. 그러나 연령에 따라 한류에 영향을 받는 정도가 다르며 따라서 한류로 인한 방한수요가 연령별로 차이가 존재한다 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 한류가 외국인 관광객 방한에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 한류지수를 이용하고 분석대상을 연령별로 세분화하여 실증분석을 시행한다. 분석 결과에 따르면 한류에 쉽게 영향을 받는 20대 이하가 한류로 인한 방한이 가장 많이 이루어지고 있다. 주목할 만한 사실은 50대 이상의 한류지수 추정계수가 30~40대 보다 높게 나왔다는 점이다. 이는 부모세대가 한류에 영향을 받은 어린 자녀와 함께 한국으로의 동반 입국이 이루어지고 있음을 의미한다. 본 연구를 통해 방한 선택에 있어 한류의 영향이 연령별로 차이가 존재하고, 세대별로 적절한 관광 마케팅 전략이 필요한 것을 알 수 있다. 예를 들어 모녀여행 상품처럼 한류에 영향을 받은 20대 이하의 자녀뿐만 아니라 함께 방한한 부모세대가 같이 즐길 수 있는 관광 상품을 개발해야 할 것이다. 또한 상대적으로 한류로 인한 방한이 적은 30~40대의 경우 다른 세대보다 본인에 대한 투자가 많은 세대이므로 한류를 통해 소개된 한국의 뷰티, 패션, 문화, 레저 등과 연계된 관광 상품을 개발할 필요가 있다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2002

The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate the smoking behaviors and their related factors of the 6th graders from 25 primary schools in Gwangju City and Chonnam province. The total number of subject were 882 children(2% of total 44,088 persons). The instrument consisted of 14 for sociodemographic and smoking-related characteristics and 12 for smoking behaviors-related factors. The survey was conducted with the help of school nurses from August 20th to September 30th, 2000, and the data were analyzed with SAS program. The results were as follows: 12.8% of the 6th graders had once and more smoking experiences and 0.9% of them are current smoking. The number of children who have smoking experience were significantly more in the male group, unsatisfying group in school life, lower in school performance(p< .001); and of lower level of father's education(p< .05), of children of working mothers, and of relatively unhappy family atmosphere(p< .01). There were number of children who have smoking experience were significant in the group of having smoking friends, of frequent buying cigarette, and of having smoking siblings(p< .001) and relatives(p< .05). It is concluded that smoking experience of primary school children in Gwangju and Chonnam area were relatively lower than that of other provinces and foreign countries but starting age of smoking was tended to be lower gradually.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.186-198
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• 2000

With the improvement of the nutritive conditions and the influence of overflowing informations and various cultural aspects imported from foreign countries, children develop more rapidly in the bodily and sexual growth. This study was conducted to suggest some ideas useful in planning sexual education program in elementary schools and ultimate aim is to promote sexual health. The subject of this survey consisted of 802 fourth, fifth, sixth graders from 6 schools in Seoul, Hongchon and Chunchon. Major findings are summarized as follows. 1. The degree of sexual knowledge of children showed low averaged 26.96 and the degree of sexual attitude showed usual averaged 55.70. 2. With the respect to the demographic characteristics, there were stastically significant differences in sexual knowledge, according to children's grade(F=64.031, p=. 000), father's education(t=-2.504, p=.013), experience of menarche(t=3.470, p=.001), experience of sex-related question to their parents(t=-.6054, p=.000), experience of sex-related question to the teachers (t= -3.385, p=.001), experience of sexual education(t=8.607, p=.000) and in sexual attitude, there were stastically significant differences according to children's grade (F=6.588, p=.001), experience of sex- related question to their parents(t=-5.387, p=.000), experience of sex-related question to the teachers(t=-2.845, p=.005), experience of sexual education(t=5.070, p=.000). 3. The level of sexual knowledge and sexual attitude of childrens'was correlated at significant level(r=.354, p=.000) The findings of this study indicated that variety of the systematic sexual education program suitable for the stage of children should be developed and family, society, contry's higher concern and enlightment are required.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.332-341
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• 2000

Children's accident is a largely preventable public health problem. Little is known. however, about population-based incident and outcome of pediatric accident. From 1997.9 through 1998,8. admission data from emergency center in I city were collected. 1418 patient from 0 through 13 years of age were selected. All children with unintensional accidental problems were identified through coded sheet which categorizes epidemiologic characteristics. The specific purposes of this study are analysis about the characteristics of pediatric accidents. And it aims to produce the basic data necessary for accident prevention policy development. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The number of male children$(62.6\%)$ were higher than female children$(37.4\%)$ 2. The age group from 1 to 3 years represents the highest proportion$(45.4\%)$ of every accidents except on traffic accident. 3. The highest proportion of accident were as follows occured during the June-August$(34\%)$, Sunday$(22.6\%)$, and 17-21 p.m. $(37.2\%)$ 4. The main causes of accident include general trauma$(70.9\%)$, environmental accident$(l6.8\%)$. and traffic accident$(l2.1\%)$, 5. Preschool age group represents more than half$(65.4\%)$ of traffic accident. 6. environmental injury includes burns $(46.6\%)$, foreign body$(43.6\%)$, exposure to poisonous materials$(6.3\%)$. and bite(3.3) This results could be used to develope prevention programs and assist in accident prevention system development. And also these data substantiate that accident prevention program decrease safety-related injury rate in preschool age group must be concentrated on enhancing access to a system to have a significant effect. Furthermore, it is necessary for accident prevention. So several suggestions are described here: 1. Development of parent's educational program for accident prevention and safety education should be done actively. 2. Home safety surveillance system should be initiated. 3. The initiation of children's accident report system could be contribute the analysis and the reduction of accident.