• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.132-156
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• 2008

The basic effects of herbs and spices when applied during cooking include flavoring, pungency, coloring, and deodorizing/masking effects. Besides these basic effects, herbs and spices have antioxidant, antimicrobial, pharmaceutical, and nutritional properties. This review briefly describes the flavor component characteristics as well as biological functions of herbs and spices during cooking and processing, with specific focus on garlic and Brassica vegetables.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.311-318
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• 1985

This review was intended to develop the sterilization method of spices by gamma irradiation and the results are summarized as follows. Microbial load of spices was different according to the kind of spices and the number was ranged from $10^{2}$-$10^{5}/g$ to $10^{7}$-$10^{8}/g$, gamma irradiation up to 4-10 kGy could decreased or sterilized to the microorganism of spices. In physicochemical properties of spices such as chemical components,essential oil and flavor, irradiated group with optimum dose was almost similar to the nonirradiated one, while fumigant treated group was remarkably deteriorated in the properties of spices compared with control, and free radicals produced by irradiation was disappeared during a few days storage. Irradiated spices should be an aptitude for good quality the storeability of processing food. Optimum dose irradiation below less than that proposed by FAO/IAEA/WHO Joint Committee and FDA was remarkably effect on the sterilization of spices and superior in wholesomeness and economic feasibiity compared with traditional methods. Irradiation might be an alternative to traditional sterilization methods of spices by fumigants such as ethylene oxide and ethylene dibromide because their treatments have been banned in U.S.A and other countries since 1982.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.81-87
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• 1998

the objective of this study was to develop the Korean style fermented sausage by addition of Korean native spices(Mugwort Artemisaia asiatica ;pine needles pinus thunbergii ; Japanese pepper Zanth-oxylum prperitum ; Arrowroot pueraria hirsuta) instead of foreign-original spices(white pepper corian-der)pH of all sausages was lowered rapidly during ripening. pH reductio of sausages with foreign spices was mere rapid than that with Korean native spices except for the sausages with all mixtured Korean native spices. Aw was not affected by differentiated spices. The "a" value among Hunter Color Value of sausages that produced with mixed Korean native spices was higher than sausages with foreign spices Lactic acid bacteria rapidly increased and reached to 108cfu/g after 2 days of ripening. Korean native spices used to this work did not inhibit the inhibit of lactic acid bacteria in fermented sausages but enterobacteria did not detected after 10 days of fermentation in the sausages with mixed Korean native spices.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.317-323
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• 2004

Photostimulated Luminescence (PSL), Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and Thermoluminescence (TL) analysis were conducted to detect irradiation treatment of imported whole and ground spices. The screening by PSL detected no irradiation treatment, except un the ground thyme and bay leaves which exhibited photon counts in the intermediate level. Irradiation of the two spices was detected after irradiating them at 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 10.0 kGy, and then subjecting them to PSL analysis, which resulted in the significantly low photons of non-irradiated spices compared to that at 1.0 kGy, indicating that the photon counts varied depending on the amount of inorganic mineral debris in the spices. To confirm a successful detection by using PSL, ESR and TL methods, some spices were selected, irradiated at 5.0 and 10.0 kGy, and subjected to the detection methods. PSL identified the irradiated spices except the cassia, which showed very weak PSL sensitivity, but was identified by ESR analysis. Also, the ESR and TL exhibited the typical signals induced by irradiation treatment and were able to successfully detect all of the irradiated spices. In addition, we found a positive correlation between the intensity of ESR and TL signals and irradiation doses.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.267-283
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• 2015

This study aimed to characterize the use of spices in Korean cookbooks published from the 1400's to 1700's. We conducted a content analysis of seven old cookbooks ("Sangayorok", "Suunjapbang", "Eumsikdimibang"), "Yorok", "Jubangmun", "Somunsaseol", and "Jeungbosallimgyeongje"). We collected a total of 238 food recipes, including spices as ingredients. We analyzed the types of spices used and characteristics of the recipes according to 18 dish groups. As results, a total of 10 spices were used as ingredient: ginger, pepper, Chinese pepper, garlic, sesame, chili, mustard, cinnamon, fennel, and clove. Among 238 food recipes analyzed, ginger was used most often (40.3%), followed by pepper (36.1%), Chinese pepper (30.3%), garlic (17.2%), and so on. In particular, chili was used in 18 different kinds of food recipes, which were "Somunsaseol" and "Jeungbosallimgyeongje" published in 1700s. Spices were used in different dish groups mostly as condiments. Among 18 dish groups, Chimchae was the most frequent dish group (44 recipes), followed by Jjim Seon (31 recipes), Jang Yangnyeom (20 recipes) and rice cake cookie (20 recipes). Pepper or Chinese pepper were the most frequently used spices in all food groups except Chimchae, Hoe, Jang Yangnyeom and rice cake cookie, in which garlic, ginger, sesame and ginger were used most frequently, respectively.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.325-330
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• 1992

어유의 이용성 증대와 천연항산화제의 개발을 위한 연구의 일환으로 정제정어리유에 대한 천연향신료의 항산화작용에 대하여 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 정제정어리유에 대한 천연향신료의 항산화효과는 향초계 향신료가 향신계 및 종자계 향신료에 비해서 전반적으로 강하였으며 그중에서도 특히, rosemary와 sage에서 강하였다. 2. Rosemary와 sage의 석유에테르 가용성 회분은 그 항산화력이 BHT보다 강하였으며, 또한 금속이온의 봉쇄작용도 강하게 나타났다. 3. Rosemary와 sage 추출물은 저장에 따른 정제정어리유의 중량증가의 억제효과도 상당히 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.889-900
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• 2010

Spices can be used as novel supplements to enhance the utilization of low quality forages (LQF) and reduce nutrient wastage by ruminant animals. However, it is essential to characterize these spices alongside LQF before testing their potential use as supplements in ruminant diets. This study characterized four spices (cinnamon, cumin, clove and turmeric) alongside three forages (rice straw, wheat straw and hay) for their chemical components before evaluating their effect at four different doses (0, 10, 30 and 90 mg/g forage DM) on the in vitro rumen degradability of dry matter (DM) (IVD) and organic matter (OM) (IVOMD) of these forages at various incubation times. It appeared that some spices could provide complementary nutrients which could improve the utilization of LQF where hay had better chemical composition than the other two forages. Cumin contained more crude protein (CP), ether extract and mineral contents whereas turmeric contained more soluble sugars than the other spices. Cinnamon was least acceptable as a ruminant supplement due to its higher condensed tannin and saponin and lower CP and mineral contents. The IVD and IVOMD were highest for hay and lowest for wheat straw with all spices at all incubation times (p<0.001). Due to relatively better nutrient profiles, cumin and turmeric had greater effect on IVD and IVOMD of the forages. In contrast, cinnamon had negative effects on IVD and IVOMD. IVD and IVOMD were greater at 10 mg/g than at other levels of most spices suggesting that using certain amounts of spices can increase forage degradability. However, the choice of a spice will depend upon the forage type being offered to ruminants. Further studies will examine the effect of these spices on fermentation profile, methane production and nitrogenous loss by ruminants.

• 식품보건융합연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.11-23
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• 2022

Processed meat products are prone to oxidation and spoilage due to prolonged storage. By using natural spices that are harmless to the human body and have antioxidant and antibacterial effects to replace synthetic preservatives in consideration of consumers' qualitative consumption patterns that pursue nutrition and safety, and stimulate appetite with taste, aroma, and color of food. The purpose of this study was to study the effect on the quality characteristics of processed meat products. The spice group had a low crude fat for both the loin and sirloin cuts. Brightness, redness, and yellowness in the chromaticity of beef jerky and PYUNYUK added with spices were different from those of the control group and increased. In terms of texture, all the beef jerky groups increased firmness and friability, and there was a difference between refrigeration and room temperature storage. The elasticity and stickiness decreased with the lapse of storage period. In the PYUNYUK, the flavor of the spice group was low and the meat quality was soft. It was found that the addition of natural spices to replace synthetic preservatives had different effects on processed meat products and had a positive effect on general ingredients, mechanical properties, physicochemical properties, and sensory quality properties.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.427-430
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• 1986

살균처리(殺菌處理) 방법(方法)(ethylene oxide, gamma irradiation)에 따른 5가지 향신료와 그들을 혼합스-프로 가공하여 순위법으로 관능적 품질을 평가한 결과는 다음과 같다. 시료 모두가 무처리구, 방사선 조사(照射)구, E.O.처리구의 순(順)으로 선호도(選好度)를 나타내었고, 분산분석 결과 5가지 향신료 각각이 1%(<0.01)와 5%(p<0.05)수준으로 유의차가 있었으며 혼합가공된 것은 유의차가 인정되지 않았다. 따라서 Duncan의 다범위검정 결과 5가지향신료 모두가 무처리와 방사선 조사구간(照射區間)에는 유의성이 없었고, E.O.처리구간에는 1%와 5%수준의 유의차가 인정되어 살균을 위한 방사선 조사(照射)는 향신료의 품질에 영향을 미치지 않으나 E.O.처리구는 품질저하를 가져 옮을 알 수 있고 이러한 결과는 각 시료의 주요 이화학적(理化學的) 특성(特性)의 변화(變化)와 일치하였다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.279-302
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• 2010

Spices are used to enhance the taste of Korean food. The term "Yangnyeom" contains a wishful meaning that it would be as good for health as medicine when eaten. It is prescribed as a medicine to heal disease according to the ancient medical books. Fifteen spices in Korean food such as vinegar, liquor, honey, water, wheat-gluten, sesame, sesame oil, garlic, green onion, ginger, mustard, pepper, cinnamon, soy sauce, salt, cheoncho, and others are prescribed as medicine for internal and external uses for almost every disease. To examine these spices, the subjects were treated with either the spice-boiled water or spice-mixed water, or applied externally. It is suggested that spices that are produced through peculiar traditional cooking method, fermenting, and those that have long-growth period, grew in the natural environment, and the like have efficacy as medicine. Spices can be sufficiently applied as emergency medicine, disease-treatment, subsidiary supplement, and preventive medicine.