• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.48-62
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 2013년 7월 강원도 춘천시와 홍천군에 위치한 대룡산에서 발생한 토석류 산사태 현장 51개소를 조사하고 강우와 현장조사 자료를 바탕으로 토석류의 거동특성을 분석하였다. 사면형과 계곡형 토석류에 따라 발생부와 퇴적부의 위치 및 경사 그리고 침식 폭 및 두께를 토석류 전 구간에 대해 조사하였다. 또한, 1:5,000의 수치지형도를 통해 대룡산의 DEM(Digital Elevation Model)을 구축하고 SINMAP(Stability INdex MAPping)을 이용하여 산사태 위험도를 평가하고 실제발생 위치와 비교 분석하였다. 분석결과 사면형 토석류는 위험지역과 실제발생 위치가 유사한 것으로 나타났으며, 계곡형의 경우 SINMAP(Stability INdex MAPping)계산상 계산되는 지형학적 습윤지수를 통해 발생위치를 추정하였다. 또한, 미국 NRCS에서 제안한 매개변수 투수량계수/지하수함양률(T/R)에 대한 4가지 조건별 해석 결과 현장조사 결과와 다소 차이를 보였으며, 투수량계수/지하수함양률(T/R)의 값이 작을수록 위험도가 높게 나타나는 경향을 보였다.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.52-63
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• 2022

Direct numerical simulation of blood flow in a stenosed, patient-specific carotid artery was conducted to explore the transient behavior of blood flow with special emphasis on the wall-shear stress distribution over the transition region. We assumed the blood as an incompressible Newtonian fluid, and the vessel was treated as a solid wall. The pulsatile boundary condition was applied at the inlet of the carotid. The Reynolds number is 884 based on the inlet diameter, and the maximum flow rate and the corresponding Womersley number is approximately 5.9. We found the transitional behavior during the acceleration and deceleration phases. In order to quantitatively examine the wall-shear stress distribution over the transition region, the probability density function of the wall-shear stress was computed. It showed that the negative wall-shear stress events frequently occur near peak systole. In addition, the oscillatory shear stress index was used to further analyze the relationship with the negative wall-shear stress appearing in the systolic phase.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.300-304
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• 1987

칡 전분 화화액(4, 5, 6 및 7%)의 리올로지적 성질은 측정온도 $30{\sim}66^{\circ}C$에서 지수법칙에 따랐으며, 의가소성 유동거동을 보였다. 유동거동 지수는 측정온도에 대하여는 거의 비슷한 값을 보였으나, 농도의 증가에 따라 다소 감소하여 의가소성 경향이 증가하였다, 그러나 점조도 지수는 농도의 증가에 따라 증가하였으며, 측정온도에 대하여는 반대의 경향을 보였다. 칡 전분 호화액의 겉보기 점도는 농도의 증가에 따라 지수함수적으로 증가하였고, 활성화에너지는 $4.068{\sim}4.542kcal/mole$이었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.547-552
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• 1995

Some functional and rheological properties of the ${\gamma}$-polyglutamic acid(${\gamma}$-PGA) produced from alkalophilic Alcaligenes sp. were investigated. Viscosity synergism with thickening agents, capacities for gelling, entrapig of heavy metals, and flocculability of ${\gamma}$-PGA were not observed, but the relatively good compatability with various polyvalent metallic ins, excellent absorption ability and spinability were observed. The ${\gamma}$-PGA solution showed non-Newtonian flow behavior and exhibited pseudoplastic property with a yield stress at above 1% concentration. The values of flow index for 1% solution were in the range of 0.41∼0.75 showing shear rate dependency and the value of yield stress was 2.28 Pa. The value of consistency index was 0.868 Pa$.$Sn and was exponentially dependent on concentration.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.295-301
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• 2024

Understanding the post-liquefaction shear behavior is crucial for predicting and assessing the damage, such as lateral flow, caused by liquefaction. Most studies have focused on the behavior until liquefaction occurs. In this study, we performed undrained multi-stage tests on clean sand, sand-silt mixtures, and silty soils to investigate post-liquefaction shear strain based on soil compressibility. The results confirmed that it is necessary to consider the soil compressibility and the shape of soil particles to understand the post-liquefaction shear strain characteristics. Based on this, an index reflecting soil compressibility and particle shape was derived, and the results showed a high correlation with post-liquefaction small resistance characteristic regardless of soil type and fine particle content.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2013

기후변화에 따른 토석류 발생과 그로 인한 피해가 세계적으로 증가 추세에 있다. 토석류 연구는 역학적 관점에서 파괴 후(post-failure) 거동에 해당하며 지반강도와 유동특성을 분석함으로써 특성화할 수 있다. 본 연구는 국내의 토석류 발생지역인 상주(화강암 풍화토), 인제(편마암 풍화토), 포항(이암 및 셰일) 지역을 대상으로 지반의 물성-전단강도 상관관계와 토석류의 유동특성을 평가하였다. 본 연구지역을 대상으로 스웨덴 낙하 콘(Swedish Fall cone) 시험장치를 이용하여 지반의 물성 및 지반강도 사이에 일정한 상관관계가 있음을 밝혔다. 실험결과에 따르면, 인제, 상주, 포항지역에서 채취된 시료에 대해 액성지수(IL)와 비배수 전단강도($C_{ur}$) 사이에 $C_{ur}=(1.2/I_L)^{3.3}$의 관계식이 성립한다. 토석류 흐름을 지배하는 항복응력은 재성형 비배수 전단강도에 상응하는 것으로 간주하고, Bingham 모델과 액성지수-항복응력 관계식을 이용하여 토석류의 유동성을 조사하였다. 유동해석은 국내 풍화토와 낮은 활성점토를 구분하여 적용하였다. 이때 액성지수는 액성한계를 기준으로 $I_L=1$, 1.5, 3.0으로 구분하여 비교분석하였다. 동일한 액성지수($I_L=1$)에 대해, 토석류의 발생 5분 경과 후 최대 이동거리는 250m에 다다른다. 액성지수가 3으로 증가 될 경우, 토석류의 이동거리를 5분까지 살펴본 결과, 국내 풍화토는 낮은 활성점토에 비해 2배 이상 큰 유동성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 유동성 평가기술은 토석류 피해저감기술 전략수립에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.249-252
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• 2008

Flow behaviors of sweet potato starch (SPS) pastes (5% w/w) were studied in the presence of various sugars (xylose, glucose, fructose and sucrose) and sugar alcohols (xylitol and sorbitol). The flow properties of SPS-sugar mixtures were determined from the rheological parameters of power law model. The vane method was also employed for determining yield stresses of SPS-sugar mixtures directly under a controlled low shear rate. At $25^{\circ}C$ all the samples showed shear-thinning behaviors ($n=0.35{\sim}0.44$) with yield stress. The consistency index (K) values of SPS-sugar mixtures increased in the following order: sorbitol> xylitol> control (no sugar)> sucrose> fructose> glucose> xylose, showing that the addition of sugar alcohols enhanced the K values. The yield stress values were reduced in the presence of ugars and sugar alcohols and they also increased with an increase in swelling power of starch granules in the SPS-sugar mixture systems.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.681-687
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• 2020

Physicochemical properties of fucoidan and alginate extracted from Sargassium horneri were investigated. The alginates were extracted and purified via three different routes (CaCl₂, HCl and ethanol routes), and their rheological properties at various concentrations and temperatures were determined. The yield of fucoidan was 3.08%, and it was mainly composed of fucose and galactose. Fourier-transform infrared spectrum of fucoidan showed strong absorption band at 1,254 and 827 cm^-1 corresponding to the sulfate group. Flow behavior of the alginate solution was characterized using the power-law model. The consistency index increased with increasing concentrations. The sodium alginate solution (1.5%) exhibited Newtonian behavior when extracted via the CaCl₂ and HCl routes, while it exhibited pseudoplastic behavior when extracted via the ethanol route. The effect of temperature on the flow behavior was investigated in terms of the activation energy (E_a), which was obtained using the Arrhenius equation. The E_a value corresponding to the alginate solution decreased with increasing shear rates. The E_a values corresponding to the alginate solutions purified via the CaCl₂, HCl, and ethanol routes were 13.54-18.64 kJ/mol, 13.42-19.21 kJ/mol, and 9.51-10.67 kJ/mol, respectively. The low E_a values corresponding to the solutions extracted via the ethanol route suggest that the flow behavior does not depend significantly on temperature.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.585-590
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• 2001

The hemodynamic characteristics were compared using commercial CFD code for the stenosed coronary and abdominal arteries. Numerical calculations were carried out in the axisymmetric arteries over the stenotic diameter ratios ranging from 0.25 to 0.875 (6 cases) employing the typical physiological flow conditions. In case of the coronary artery, there was only one recirculation zone observed distal to the stenosis throat during the major portion of the period. However, in case of the abdominal aorta, there were complex recirculation regions found proximal and distal to stenosis throat. For both models, the wall shear stresses(WSS) increased sharply in the converging stenosis, reaching a peak just upstream of the throat, and became negative or low values in the post-stenotic recirculation region. As the results, the oscillatory shear index(OSI) was abruptly increased at the stenosis throat. For the coronary stenosis model, the second peak in the OSI was observed distal to the stenosis. The distance between the first peak and the second peak was increased as the degree of the stenosis was raised. On the orther hand, the abdominal stenosis model showed a complex oscillatory behavior in the OSI index and did not showed such a strong second peak. As the degree of stenosis was increased, recirculation regions of the both arteries were extended much longer and flow pattern became more complex.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 1990

유산균이 생성하는 다당류에 관한 연구의 일환으로서 Str. themophilus 와 Lb. bulgaricus를 10% 환원탈지유와 12% 환원전지유에 배양하면서 다당류 생성에 따른 우유 배양액 점도의 경시적 변화 및 그의 유체역학적인 특성에 대하여 조사하였다. 1. Str. themophilus 510의 10% 탈지유 배양액의 의가소성 유체의 유동양식을 가장 강하게 나타냈다. 한편 14% 농도에서 가장 높은 점도의 경시적 변화 및 그의 유체역학적인 특성에 대하여 조사하였다. 1. 12% 전지유배양액의 경우 의가소성유체의 유동양식을 나타내지만 탈지유 배양액에 비해서 현저한 점도의 저하를 나타냈다. 1. Str. themophilus 510 배양액의 최대 점조도 계수와 최소 유동지수는 각각 43, 0.09 이며 Lb. bulgaricus는 35, 0.09이다.