• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.636-645
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• 2012

This study introduces an information granular-based fuzzy radial basis function neural networks (FRBFNN) based on multiobjective optimization and weighted least square (WLS). An improved multiobjective space search algorithm (IMSSA) is proposed to optimize the FRBFNN. In the design of FRBFNN, the premise part of the rules is constructed with the aid of Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering while the consequent part of the fuzzy rules is developed by using four types of polynomials, namely constant, linear, quadratic, and modified quadratic. Information granulation realized with C-Means clustering helps determine the initial values of the apex parameters of the membership function of the fuzzy neural network. To enhance the flexibility of neural network, we use the WLS learning to estimate the coefficients of the polynomials. In comparison with ordinary least square commonly used in the design of fuzzy radial basis function neural networks, WLS could come with a different type of the local model in each rule when dealing with the FRBFNN. Since the performance of the FRBFNN model is directly affected by some parameters such as e.g., the fuzzification coefficient used in the FCM, the number of rules and the orders of the polynomials present in the consequent parts of the rules, we carry out both structural as well as parametric optimization of the network. The proposed IMSSA that aims at the simultaneous minimization of complexity and the maximization of accuracy is exploited here to optimize the parameters of the model. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed neural network leads to better performance in comparison with some existing neurofuzzy models encountered in the literature.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제17호
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• pp.65-72
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• 1998

This study intends to analyze the various spatial structures and characteristics of the museum based on the two of the Renzo Piano's recent projects Menil Collection '||'&'||' Museum and Beyeler Foundation Museum Which defined the direction of the "Third Generation" in museum architecture with reference to the quality of spatial experience and design applications. Comparison and analysis were done on the basic spatial organization floor layout accessibility exhibition area lighting plan and circulation between the two museum. Through the itemized common characteristics of the museum the architect's proposal on meaning and direction of the new museum architecture can be viewed. The contemporary museums distinguish themselves quite clearly from their predecessors and this applies both to their own form and to their spatial organization. As the public demands and requests toward the museum building facility expand everyday the architect must respond by providing multiple types of space where people can experience different atmosphere in each area. One concept he used to create multi experienced area was manipulation of the natural light using by the state-of-the-art techniques of the light filtering system and multi-layering roof system to protect the valuable collections against the direct sunlight. But mainly it was to prove his strong belief in "architecture of light" by creating space with minimized meaning by purposely distinguished area in order to provide maximum support to the physical value of the collection " The connection with nature" is another concept which Piano used to provide the public a tranquil experience through out the architecture which engages in a lively dialogue with art. In spatial organization Piano concerned on functionality which not only concentrated on the visitor's point of view but also on the museum staff's comfort. Unlkie the traditional museum he alternates various size of exhibition areas for spatial hierarchy. Specially the spatial flexibility that the temporary exhibition areas are able to be expanded to the permanent exhibition areas by adjoining t재 spaces differentiate Piano's new museum from the rest. museum from the rest.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2007

The aim of this paper is to find out different preference of common spaces and shared activities in senior cohousing community between regions in Korea: Seoul and other cities. Social survey was conducted nationwide and the respondents were 50s only, since they are the generation who will face to elderly housing subject within 10 years in turbulent Korean society. Collected data, about 1000, were analyzed by SPSS program using frequency, percentage, and Chi-square test. In summary, respondents mostly would like to move to senior cohousing on circumstance when they remain alone without big difference between regions. Loneliness and housekeeping were considered as the most difficult issues for the elderly to manage by themselves. Among common spaces, exercise room was the most preferred space to meeting room and kitchen. Exercise room was more preferred in Seoul than in other cities, on the contrary meeting room was evidently less preferred in other cities than in Seoul. Regarding shared activities, resident meeting, gardening, and common meal were revealed as less preferred activities than hobby exercise and tea meeting. As a conclusion, I would like to propose that a big common living room is better to be designed for meeting room cum dining and gathering room with flexibility in order to give residents chances to know each other more often. And since common space and shared activity show different preferences by regions, those are to be designed and planned reflecting region's different circumstance.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제27호
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• pp.152-161
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• 2001

At the multi-cultural society, research is needed to encourage a social atmosphere for enhanced understanding and respect for different cultures & countries. The purpose was to analyze the characteristics of spatial arrangement, space connection, Interior decoration and the relationship among these three features, which showed each country's unique housing form tradition. Three representative cases of historic residences from each country were selected on the basis of a recognized historic architecture directory. Total 18 residences from 6 countries - Korea, China, Japan, Rome, Egypt, and Italy - were comparatively analyzed. As results, aspects generally found in Eastern countries, were the fence as the semi-open boundary between the inside and the outside of the house, the flexibility of spatial opening and partitions between rooms, and finally simple and movable decoration features. On the other hands, aspects appeared in Western countries, were the outer wall of the building as the boundary to the outside, the closed and fixed properties of the room partitions, and finally complex and fixed decoration features. The research also showed that even within the same culture, the degree of openness varied. Each feature of space was related and could be explained within the same context. Housing, regardless of country and culture, tried to accommodate the exterior space inside the building as much as possible. The common pursuit was transformed to various visible forms and its reason might be due to different socio-cultural and environmental backgrounds that need to be continuously explored in academic area.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2018

This study aims to analyze the spatial characteristics of a group of samurai residences among other traditional Japanese villages and to accumulate the village-level sample data of a residential group, which can serve as the foundation for a wide range of discussions. Using data that had been gathered since 1989, this study draw up a prototype floor plans to analyze the indoor spatial features of the residences in the modern period, and sampled 35 samurai houses. The following are the results of this study. The general characteristics of traditional Japanese houses were found among many Izumi Fumoto samurai residences up until the early Meiji period. However, after gradually the floor plan became more and more simplified; connections between rooms were reduced, decreasing their flexibility; and there was a rise in the number of houses with a larger area devoted to the Nando, a room for women and family members. The access of a visitor involved changes in one's eye-level view and established physical and psychological boundaries, which this study conjectures was used as a method to ensure that the visitor recognized the authority of the patriarch and to raise the family's reputation. As their floor plan was simplified, Izumi Fumoto samurai houses established one's eye view, boundaries, and procedures as a way to enhance the authority of the man of the family and the family's reputation. In addition, while there was an increasing number of residences that expanded the area of the Nando, in which family members slept and used the space in a stable way, they maintained the exclusivity of private space and did not clearly show who would use it.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.208-222
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• 2021

Managing with the presence of sea ice is the primary challenge in the operation of floating platforms in the Arctic region. It is widely accepted that offshore structures operating in Arctic conditions need station-keeping methods as well as ice management by icebreakers. Dynamic Positioning (DP) is one of the station-keeping methods that can provide mobility and flexibility in marine operations. The presence of sea ice generates complex external forces and moments acting on the vessel, which need to be counteracted by the DP system. In this paper, an icevaning control algorithm is proposed that enables Arctic offshore vessels to perform DP operations. The proposed icevaning control enables each vessel to be oriented toward the direction of the mean environmental force induced by ice drifting so as to improve the operational safety and reduce the overall thruster power consumption by having minimum external disturbances naturally. A mathematical model of an Arctic offshore vessel is summarized for the development of the new icevaning control algorithm. To determine the icevaning action of the Arctic offshore vessel without any measurements and estimation of ice conditions including ice drift, task and null space are defined in the vessel model, and the control law is formulated in the task space. A backstepping technique is utilized to handle the nonlinearity of the Arctic offshore vessel's dynamic model, and the Lyapunov stability theory is applied to guarantee the stability of the proposed icevaning control algorithm. Experiments are conducted in the ice tank of the Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제90권6호
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• pp.543-549
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• 2024

The utilization of the fabric materials for lightweight building structures has attracted considerable attention due to the multiple functions and high strength-to-weight ratio. The mechanical properties of the fabric materials evolve with the loading cycle, especially for the Poisson's ratio that requires the full cyclic strain to determine the accurate values. The digital image correlation method has been justified but needs to meet the flexibility and complexity requirements of the fabric materials. This paper thus proposes a modified digital image correlation method to quantify the Poisson's ratio of fabric materials. To obtain the accurate Poisson's ratio of fabric materials in the cyclic experiments using non-contact measuring method, a speckle generation of the digital image correlation method is implemented to obtain the strain distribution and strain characteristics. The uniaxial cyclic experiments for the fabric materials are carried out in the warp, weft and 45° directions. The digital image correlation photos are taken when the material properties become stable in the cyclic loading. The results show that the strain distributions are non-uniform and dependent on the specimen directions. The reliable Poisson's ratios of the fabric materials in the warp, weft and 45° directions are 0.016, 1.2 and 2.6. The strain asymmetry at the maximum strain position is related with the weaving architecture. These observations and results are indispensable to understand the Poisson's ratios of fabric materials and to guide the proper analysis of the large-span membrane structures.

• 정보화정책
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.36-61
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• 2019

스마트기기는 업무의 시공간적 제약을 줄이고 신속한 처리를 가능하게 함에 따라 업무 효율성 및 생산성에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 수 있는 반면에, 직장과 개인생활 간 불균형 초래로 인한 부작용이 뒤따를 수 있다. 최근 스마트기기의 업무활용이 증가하면서 그 어느때보다도 관련 현상의 이해와 원인 발견, 그에 맞는 적절한 방안들을 모색하는 것이 필요한 상황이다. 본 연구는 스마트기기의 효용성을 대표하는 기술적 특성('IT기반 업무 유연성')이 '일-삶 갈등'과 같은 부정적인 결과로 어떻게 전환되는지를 보여주는 이론적 모델을 개발하고 이를 검증하였다. 직장인을 대상으로 수집된 데이터를 분석한 결과, 주요 요인들('IT기반 업무 유연성', '근무시간 외 업무 유연성', '업무 과부하', '일-삶 갈등') 간 다양한 영향 관계, 그리고 ''일-삶 분리' 조직 지원'의 중요성과 관련하여 연구자는 물론이고 현업 종사자와 정책 입안자들에게도 의미있는 시사점이 도출되었다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.676-683
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• 2002

XML(extensible Markup Language)문서가 웹 문서의 표준으로 자리 매김 할 수 있는 가장 큰 성공요인은 사용자가 문서 타입을 기술할 수 있는 유연성(flexibility)이다. 그러나 XML의 유연성으로 야기되는 문제점은 동일한 의미를 표현하기 위해 XML문서 작성자마다 서로 다른 태그명과 구조를 사용한다는 점이다. 즉 서로 다른 태그 집합, 요소(element), 속성(attribute)에 대한 서로 다른 이름 또는 다른 문서 구조로 인해 다른 태그로 표현된 문서는 서로 다른 부류의 문서로 간주되기 쉽다. 따라서 본 논문은 XML태그에 내재된 의미 정보(semantic information)와 구조 정보(structured information)를 추출하여 의미적으로 최대한 유사한 동의어로 확장하고, XML문서의 확장된 태그간의 의미적 유사도를 비교 분석할 수 있는 개념 기반의 태그 패턴 매처(Tag Pattern Matcher)를 설계 구현하였다. 두 XML문서의 태그간의 의미적 유사도에 가중치를 부여하여 기존의 비구조적인(semi-structured) 문서를 위한 벡터 스페이스 모델(vector space model)을 확장함으로써 두 XML문서가 유사한지를 파악할 수 있다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.223-231
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• 1998

해양생물학 연구를 위해 전세계 바다색 관측을 수행하게 될 아리랑 1호 위성(Korean Multi-Purpose SATellite. KOMPSAT)의 탑재체 Ocean Scanning Multispectral Imager(OSMI)를 개발하였다. OSMI는 관측폭 800km 이내에서 1km 이하의 지상해상도를 갖고 whisk-broom 주사 기법으로 해양표면의 영상을 얻는다. OSMI는 3년의 수명 동안 20%의 궤도 운영 duty cycle을 갖으며 궤도 운영 중 영상 자료의 gain/offset 조정이 가능하고 영상자료 저장 기능이 내장되도록 설계되었다. 궤도 운영 중 센서 보정을 위해 OSMI는 태양 보정과 암흑 보정을 수행한다. OSMI는 2차원 Charge Coupled Device(CCD) Focal Plane Array(FPA)를 사용하는 다중 분광 촬영기로서 400nm에서 900nm가지의 파장 대역에 대한 결상이 가능하다. 이 파장대역 중에서 궤도 운영 중 지상명령을 통해 선택되는 6개 분광 채널을 사용하여 해양표면이 관측된다. 센서 성능은 지상 특성 시험 단계에서 412, 443, 490, 510, 555, 670, 765 그리고 865nm의 8개 분광 대역에 대해 측정되었다. 이 지상 특성 시험 결과와 더불어 태양/암흑 보정이 궤도 분광 채널 선택 및 보정에 사용될 것이다. 운영중 분광 채널 선택 기능은 바다색 관측 및 해양생물학 연구에 큰 유연성을 줄 것이다.