• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.127-138
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• 2002

There are some cases that dental prosthesis does not operate as properly as expected in oral mouth. The reasons are such as a distortion of the mandibular, a fault of impression taking system or an extrusion of remaining teeth. One of dental prostheses to consider in the situations is the attachment which connects segment bridge. Active discussions are managed on theoretical side of this field but few on clinical side of it, which must be considered first. Accordingly I'd like to suggest a theoretical background for connect attachment of fixed segmented bridge. 1. As a bridge gets longer, burden on dental ligament is increased and the hardness of a bridge is lessened. 2. The flexibility of a bridge increases in ratio to 3 multiplication of the length and decreases in ratio to 3 multiplication of the width of occlusal surface and base of pontic. 3. Precision rest is needed to cope with the shake of teeth and the difference of axis direction among abutments. 4. Female part of the precision rest should be on middle abutment distal and male one on mesial of pontic. 5. Segmented attachment can be efficiently used to cope with long span bridgework and also in case that one piece casting can't be done because of slant of abutment.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

It is essential to maximize the advantages of long-life housing in consideration of the occupants' demands in order to promote the construction of long-life housing. The diverse plan types with flexibility should be developed based on those demands. Therefore, this study aims to review the level of awareness of long-life housing, and identify the customer needs by conducting the survey for the preference to pre-defined plan types. The results of survey are as follows: 1) Despite the enforcement of the Long-life Housing Certification System in 2014, the recognition among the customers about the long-life housing is still on the low level as shown in that 79.9% of respondents were not aware of the long-life housing; 2) For three alternative plan types, 78.5% on the integration type in front, 63.1% on the moving kitchen type, 47.0% on the Divided Housing type had intention to change; 3) 68.9% of the total are willingly ready to purchase the long-life housing under the condition of no difference in price between normal apartment and long-life housing. The less the number of family members is, the bigger this ratio of positive purchase intention is. Reflecting these results into the designs is expected to contribute to the enhancement of customer satisfaction as well as the diffusion of long-life housing.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.6-13
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• 2014

In this paper, a multiwavelength-switchable first-order fiber flexible filter is newly proposed, which is based on a polarization-diversity loop. The proposed filter consists of a polarization beam splitter, three half-wave plates(HWPs), and two high birefringent fibers(HBFs). The proposed filter has a good flexibility in adjusting relative angular difference between the principal axes of two HBFs by inserting an HWP between two HBFs. The first-order flat-top or narrow band transmission spectra and the zeroth-order transmission spectra, which had a channel spacing of ~0.8nm, could be obtained by controlling the three HWPs, and, in particular, each of them could also be interleaved. In addition, zeroth-order transmission spectra with a channel spacing of ~0.8nm could be flexibly converted into those with a channel spacing of ~0.4nm through the control of three HWPs, and also be interleaved. The transmission characteristics of the proposed filter was theoretically analyzed and experimentally verified.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2017

This paper is presented to solve the buckling problem of functionally graded truncated conical shells subjected to displacement-dependent pressure which remains normal to the shell middle surface throughout the deformation process by the semi-analytical finite strip method. Material properties are assumed to be temperature dependent, and varied continuously in the thickness direction according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fraction of a ceramic and metal. The governing equations are derived based on first-order shear deformation theory which accounts for through thickness shear flexibility with Sanders-type of kinematic nonlinearity. The element linear and geometric stiffness matrices are obtained using virtual work expression for functionally graded materials. The load stiffness also called pressure stiffness matrix which accounts for variation of load direction is derived for each strip and after assembling, global load stiffness matrix of the shell which may be un-symmetric is formed. The un-symmetric parts which are due to load non-uniformity and unconstrained boundaries have been separated. A detailed parametric study is carried out to quantify the effects of power-law index of functional graded material and shell geometry variations on the difference between follower and non-follower lateral buckling pressures. The results indicate that considering pressure stiffness which arises from follower action of pressure causes considerable reduction in estimating buckling pressure.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1997년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.541-545
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• 1997

This paper presents a modified geometric active contour model or edge detection and segmentation of computed tomography(CT) scan images. The method is based on the level setup approach developed by Osher and Sethian and the modeling of propagation fronts with curvature dependent speeds by Malladi. Based on above algorithms, the geometric active contour is obtained through a particular level set of hypersurface lowing along its gradient force and curvature force. This technique retains the attractive feature which is topological and geometric flexibility of the contour in recovering objects with complex shapes and unknown topologies. But there are limitations in this algorithm which are being not able to separate the object with weak difference from neighbor object. So we use speed limitation filter to overcome those problems. We apply a 2D model to various synthetic cases and the three cases of real CT scan images in order to segment objects with complicated shapes and topologies. From the results, the presented model confirms that it attracts very naturally and efficiently to the desired feature of CT scan images.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.148-155
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• 2005

As functional requirement of massive digital information storage devices are on a trend for the higher data transfer rate and lower cost, many different technical efforts are being tested and implemented in the industry. FDB(fluid dynamic bearing) is one of the major breakthroughs in rotor design in terms of TMR(track misregistration) budget. Although FDB analysis based on Reynolds' equation is well established and popularly being used for FDB design especially for the estimation of bearing stiffness, there are obvious limitations in the approach due to the inherent assumptions. A generalized analysis tool employing the full Navier-Stokes equation and the energy balance is to be beneficial for detailed FDB design. In this publication, an efficient geometry modeling method is presented that provides fully integrated inputs for general FVM/FDM(finite volume method/ finite difference method) codes. By virtue of the flexibility of the presented method, many different detailed FDB design and analysis are carried over with ease.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.87-91
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• 2001

We conducted this study to analyze the effectiveness of a treatment called 12-week therapeutic recreation dance movement (TRDM) to elderly people in terms of health care and recovery. Forty two elderly people were participated in this study and divided into two groups with healthy (twelve) and unhealthy (thirty). After TRDM treatment, the muscular power was increased in both groups without statistical significance within and between groups. The flexibility, agility and balance were slightly increased in both groups. Although the elevation of muscular endurance was not significant between groups, it was statistically meaningful within groups. The results of body composition comparison did not reveal meaningful difference within and between groups. However, the amount of fat in serum and fat distribution percentages ware decreased in both groups. Both group appeared to be increased muscle mass. The level of body water was decreased in healthy group and increased in unhealthy group. Unhealthy group appeared to be decreased level of T-C, TG and LDL-C. In contrast, the unhealthy group revealed the increased level of HDL-C. These results demonstrate the effect of TRDM to elderly people. This effectiveness can be adapted for the protection and treatment of geriatics-related adult diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.51-61
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• 1998

This paper discussed the assessment of hand of polyester fabrics changed by alkaline hydrolysis. This study analyzed the relations between the change of mechanical property and the hand value according to the weight loss of polyester fabrics. The results are as follows; Objective hand by KES-FB system, revealed that for tensile properties, as the weight loss increased, WT, RT increased and LT decreased. For bending properties, as the weight loss increased, B and 2HB showed smaller values. For shear properties, as the weight loss increased, G, 2HG and 2HG5 decreased. For surface properties, as the weight loss increased, MIU increased, but MMD and SMD did not show any trend. For compression properties, LC, WC and RC did not show significant differences according to the degree of weight loss. In case of hand value, Koshi(stiffness), Hari(anti-drape stiffness), Kisimi(scrooping feeling) and Shinayakasa(flexibility with soft feeling) showed a meaningful results depending on the degree of weight loss. However, Shari(crispness) and Fukurami(fullness and softness) did not show meaningful result. Koshi, Hari and Shinayakasa are high correlation with tensile property, bendibg property shear properties, thickness and weight. Kisimi is high correlation with tensile property, bending property, thickness and weight. Shari, Fukurami and THV did not show any meaningful difference whth any mechanical properties.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.637-642
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• 2008

The concept of district heating involves centralised heat production where heat is distributed to consumer via a piping network. The objective of this work is to identify the Flexible Pipe from an economy, execution, maintenance point of view. Flexible Pipe has in some countries, especially in Europe, been used for many years in district heating. In spite of years of experience, there still exist doubts about the possibilities of using flexible pipes in district heating applications, mostly because of no experiences in domestic market. The advantage of flexible pipe systems is their flexibility. This holds not only for the inner pipe but also for the total pipe system including insulation and jacket. Even for the largest diameter the minimum radius of curvature is given to 1.5m. The most important difference between flexible pipe systems and preinsulated steel pipes is their simple and quick assembly. Such information could provide a basis for making reasonable hypotheses about consumer preferences, to foam a basis for making future marketing more effective.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.592-599
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• 2012

Bacillus licheniformis ${\alpha}$-amylase (BLA), a thermophilic counterpart of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ${\alpha}$-amylase (BAA), is an appropriate model for the design of stabilizing mutations in BAA. BLA has 10 more histidines than BAA. Considering this prominent difference, in the present study, three out of these positions (I34, Q67, and P407; located in the thermostability determinant 1 region and Ca-III binding site of BAA) were replaced with histidine in BAA, using the site-directed mutagenesis technique. The results showed that the thermostability of P407H and Q67H mutants had increased, but no significant changes were observed in their kinetic parameters compared to that of the wild type. I34H replacement resulted in complete loss of enzyme activity. Moreover, fluorescence and circular dichroism data indicated a more rigid structure for the P407H variant compared with that of the wild-type BAA. However, the flexibility of Q67H and I34H mutants increased in comparison with that of wild-type enzyme.