• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.224-229
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• 1996

Floral flavonoids of Hibiscus syriacus L. six complex with 68 formac all in all were examined. Thirteen flavonoids appeared on the two dimensional chromatogtams. Spot 5, however, occupied more than 50% in total flavonoid contents, and other spots were invariably minor pigments in all samples examined. Ten spots among 13 spots showed the characteristics of flavones, having color of purple to dark purple under UV light and yellow under ammonia gas, while spots reagents suggests that 10 purple spots are 4', 5-OH aglycone type. Four spots out of 10 purple spots were possible to be identified: spot 5, saponarin, spot 7, vitexin, spot 9, xylovitexin, and spot 11, rhamnosylvitexin, respectively. It was suggested that spot 13 might be apigenin-7-O-diglycoside.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.1397-1402
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• 2010

Papyriflavonol A (PapA), a prenylated flavonoid [5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-6,5'-di-(${\gamma},{\gamma}$-dimethylallyl)-flavonol], was isolated from the root barks of Broussonetia papyrifera. Our previous study showed that PapA has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. In this study, the mode of action of PapA against Candida albicans was investigated to evaluate PapA as an antifungal agent. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were 10~25 ${\mu}g/ml$ for C. albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium), and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus). The kinetics of cell growth inhibition, scanning electron microscopy, and measurement of plasma membrane florescence anisotrophy revealed that the antifungal activity of PapA against C. albicans and S. cerevisiae is mediated by its ability to disrupt the cell membrane integrity. Compared with amphotericin B, a cell-membrane-disrupting polyene antibiotic, the hemolytic toxicity of PapA was negligible. At 10~25 ${\mu}g/ml$ of MIC levels for the tested strains, the hemolysis ratio of human erythrocytes was less than 5%. Our results suggest that PapA could be a therapeutic fungicidal agent having potential as a broad spectrum antimicrobial agent.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 2003

2kg of pollen extracted with EtOH(98%), concentrated, and fractionated with a series of hexane, CH$_2$Cl$_2$ EtOAc and $H_2O$ on a separately funnel. Each fraction was freeze dried to give dark-brown powder and EtOAc soluble portion of the powder was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column using a series of aqueous methanol as eluents. Spectrometric analysis such as NMR and FAB-MS including TLC were performed to characterize the structures of isolated compounds. Pollen contained a small amount of flavonol derivatives such as quercetin-3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside and kaempferol-3-O-$\beta$-D-rutinoside in addition to a small amount of flavanonol compound such as aromadendrin-5-methyl ether and acid compound such as.

• Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology : HEB
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.919-927
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• 2018

To compare the antioxidant properties and flavonols in various parts; dry skin (DS) and edible portion (EP), of 8 red onions (Allium cepa L, ROs), total content of phenolics (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), and anthocyanins (TAC) and DPPH radical scavenging properties were estimated and the content of six flavonols were quantified by HPLC-PDA analysis. The major component of DS and EP of RO was quercetin and quercetin-4'-glucoside, respectively. Score plots of the PCA and PLS-DA were segregated by flavonols content and antioxidant properties according to the EP and DS of ROs. Loading plot of the PCA showed that the quercetin and sum of flavonol content were highly correlated with antioxidant activity of ROs. Therefore, flavonol content and antioxidant activity can be used as markers for distinct parts of ROs.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.319-325
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• 2020

The liquids of Lycopersicon esculentum were extracted with 70% aqueous MeOH and the concentrates were partitioned into EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H2O fractions. The repeated silica gel and octadecyl silica gel column chromatographies for the EtOAc fraction, whose activity was confirmed, led to isolation of one flavonol compound. The chemical structures of the compound were determined as quercetin (1) based on spectroscopic analyses including nuclear magnetic resornance, infrarad spectroscopy, and mass spectroscopy. Through this study, the antioxidant efficacy was confirmed by demonstrating that the L. esculentum fraction showing an increase in glutathione mean (GM) and a decrease in glutathione heterogeneity (GH) uniformly raises the intracellular glutathione (GSH) level.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.137-142
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the antioxidant activities of isolated compounds from the shoot of Aralia elata. Methods : The methanol extract from the shoot of Aralia elata was fractionated into ethyl acetate, n-BuOH and $H_2O$ layers through solvent fractionation. Repeated silica gel, ODS column chromatography of n-BuOH layer afforded four flavonol glycosides. Their antioxidant activity was determined by measuring free radical scavenging activity by DPPH, ABTS and superoxide dismutase (SOD) like activity assay. Results : They were identified as quercetin 3,7-di-O-$\alpha$-rhamnopyranoside (1), quercetin 3-O-$\beta$-D-galactoside-7-O-$\alpha$-L-rhamnoside (2), kaempferol 3-O-$\beta$-glucosyl($1{\rightarrow}2$)-$\alpha$-rhamnoside-7-O-$\alpha$-rhamnoside (3) and quercetin 3-O-$\beta$-glucosyl($1{\rightarrow}2$)-$\alpha$-rhamnoside-7-O-$\beta$-rhamnoside (4) on the basis of spectroscopic data. The result showed that 1 is the most active compound in the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging test. Conclusions : Isolated Compounds from the shoot of Aralia elata showed anti-oxidative effect.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.309-315
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• 2008

The methanol extract from the aerial parts of Aceriphyllum rossii was fractionated into ethyl acetate, n-BuOH and $H_2O$ layers through solvent fractionation. Repeated silica gel column chromatography of EtOAc and n-BuOH layers afforded five flavonol glycosides. They were identified as astragalin (1), kaempferol 3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1${\rightarrow}$6)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (2), rutin (3), kaempferol 3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1${\rightarrow}$4)-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl 1${\rightarrow}$6)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (4), and quercetin 3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1${\rightarrow}$4)-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1${\rightarrow}$6)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (5) on the basis of spectroscopic data. All of them showed an inhibition in farnesyl protein tranferase (FPTase) activity, and rutin (3) inhibited the growth of rat H-ras cell and the cell migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.323-326
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• 2019

The flowers of Coreopsis lanceolata were extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH and the concentrates were partitioned into EtOAc, n-BuOH, and H₂O fractions. The repeated silica gel (SiO₂) and octadecyl silica gel column chromatographies for the EtOAc fraction led to isolation of one flavonol and one benzoyl compounds. The chemical structures of the compounds were respectively determined as melanoxetin (1) and protocatechuic acid methyl ester (2) based on spectroscopic analyses including NMR, IR, and MS. These two compounds were isolated for the first time from C. lanceolata flowers in this study. All fractions and the isolated compounds were evaluated for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical scavenging activities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.4
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• pp.408-413
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• 2007

The dried bark of Platycarya strobilacea were ground, extracted with 95% EtOH, concentrated, and one of EtOH extracts was fractionated with a series of n-hexane, dichloromethane and another was fractionated with a series of petroleumether, $Et_2O$, ethyl acetate on a separatory funnel. A portion of dichloromethane soluble was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column ($72.0{\times}5.0cm$) using EtOH-$CHCl_3$ (7:3, v/v) as eluent and A portion of $Et_2O$ soluble was chromatographed on a silica gel column ($42.0{\times}3.5cm$) using $CHCl_3$-MeOH (9:3, v/v) as eluent. The isolated compounds were identified by TLC, $^1H$-, $^{13}C$-NMR, HMBC and EI-MS. Two flavonoids and three flavonoid glycosides were isolated from the bark of P strobilacea. The structures were determined to quercetin (compound 1), myricetin (compound 2) as flavonol compounds and afzelin (compound 3), quercitrin (compound 4), myricitrin (compound 5) as flavonol glycosides, respectively, on the basis of spectrosopic data.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.40-45
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• 2021

Prior studies of physiologically active substances in grapes have focused only on the fruit, pericarp, and branches, as well as the pulp and seeds. The present study assessed the changes in quercetin-3-O-glucuronide (Q3OG) and flavonol glycoside content using grape leaves from Vitis labruscana B. and V. coignetiae at different growth stages and provided basic data for quality control. Content analysis showed that both varieties differed in Q3OG and flavonol glycoside content by growth stage, and the components were found to be high in the order of fruit, maturation, and coloration. Also, Vitis labruscana B. has a better vascular relaxation effect than Vitis coignetiae. These results suggest that in the use of grape leaves as a functional raw material, Q3OG and flavonol glycosides can be used as indicator components. In addition, if raw materials for each growth stage are mixed in a particular ratio, it will be a way to manage the specific efficacy and content of indicator components.