• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.247-255
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensory profiles of market milk, yogurt, and kefir, supplemented with the powder of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linnaeus (Roselle) in 1% increments, ranging from 0% (control) to 4%. In this study, there was no statistically significant difference in titratable acidity and pH between the treated groups and the control group. All samples were evaluated in five categories by thirteen appraisers. Compared to the control group, the best sensory profiles were observed in the market milk sample supplemented with 1.0% of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linnaeus (Roselle) powder, in the yogurt samples supplemented with 2.0% and 3.0% of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linnaeus (Roselle) powder, and in the Kefir sample supplemented with 3% of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linnaeus (Roselle) powder. According to statistical analysis of the sensory profiles obtained in this study, there was a statistical difference in the taste, flavor, color, and overall acceptability of market milk; in the taste, color, texture, and overall acceptability of yogurt; and in the taste, color, and overall acceptability of Kefir, between the treated groups and the control group (p<0.05). In the future, when Hibiscus sabdariffa Linnaeus (Roselle) powder is used as a food additive for dairy products, studies on improvement of biofunctionality, as well as of sensory profiles in dairy products must be carried out.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2017

시판되는 상면발효맥주 12종에 대하여 5개의 외관, 9개의 향, 6개의 향미, 4개의 입안감촉에 대한 묘사용어를 개발하였으며, 묘사분석을 실시하였다. 실제 상면발효 맥주의 주요 특성으로 알려진 다양한 과일향미, 쓴맛과 관련 향미 용어가 개발되어 향후 상면발효맥주의 관능검사에 주요 평가 용어로 활용이 가능하리라 여겨진다. 또한 가용성 고형분, 총산도, pH, 환원당, 쓴맛 정도(B.U.), 탁도, 색도, 아미노산 함량, 총페놀함량과 DPPH 라디칼 소거능의 12가지 이화학특성을 분석하였다. 관능특성 항목과 맥주의 중요 지표인 이화학 특성간의 상관분석을 통해 B.U., 총폴리페놀 함량, 총산도, 황색도, 가용성 고형분이 에일맥주의 주요 관능특성인 시트러스향, 파인애플향, 쓴맛과 높은 상관관계를 보임을 확인할 수 있었다. 향후 이러한 이화학적 분석 항목은 제품 개발 시 관능특성 분석과 더불어 주요 품질지표 항목으로 활용이 가능하리라 여겨진다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.236-242
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• 2010

음료 베이스용 시럽을 개발하기 위하여 마카 추출액을 다양한 수준(0%, 7%, 14%, 21%, 28%)으로 첨가하고 품질 특성 및 항산화활성을 측정하였다. pH는 대조군보다 첨가군이 낮았고 시럽의 당도는 시료간에 유의적인 차이가 없었으며 점도는 마카추출액의 농도가 증가할수록 증가하였다. 명도를 나타내는 L값은 마카 추출액의 첨가비율이 증가할수록 감소하였고 b값은 증가하였다. 기호도 검사 결과 향, 단맛 및 전반적인 기호도면에서 시료간에 유의적인 차이가 없는 것으로 나타나서 마카 추출액을 28%까지 첨가하여 시럽을 제조하여도 관능성에 부정적인 영향을 미치지 않을 것으로 여겨진다. 마카 시럽의 총폴리페놀 함량은 마카추출액의 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가하여 28% 첨가군이 가장 높게 나타났고 DPPH radical 소거능과 superoxide anion radical 소거능 역시 마카 첨가군이 대조군보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2015

Onggi, described as a 'breathing' type of pottery' has significantly influenced the traditional food culture of Korea. It is known that Onggi is an optimal type of storage for fermented foods such as soy sauce, salted seafood, and Kimchi, as air or liquid can penetrate through the body of this material. These foods gain flavor due to the breeding of aerobic bacteria at the beginning of the fermentation process. In this study, Onggi materials from five regions, Gangjin, Yeoju, Ulsan, Yesan, and Jeju, were collected and analyzed to determine their chemical and physical properties before and after sintering. The differences in the raw materials of other mining regions are examined in terms of their chemical and mineralogical compositions, specific surface area, particle size, and particle distribution. Among them, the Gangjin raw material has the greatest mean particle size of $92.29{\mu}m$, as well as the widest particle size distribution. Differences in the levels of $SiO_2$ and $Fe_2O_3$ are shown among Onggi raw materials. However, the crystalline phases formed after sintering are identical, except for the Jeju samples. At all sintering temperatures tested here, Gangjin Onggi showed the greatest porosity, leading to complete air permeation through the body within 90 minutes. These results taken together indicate that air permeation is strongly related to the pore structures in the Onggi body. This is assumed to affect the fermentation behavior.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2016

The need for natural cosmetic ingredients has been increasing over the world nowadays. Agarose, a natural polymer from red seaweeds, has high hydrophilic character and a function of scaffolder. As skin moisturizer, agarose is adequate for percutaneous absorption. While, blueberry fruits extract possesses rich procyanidins and anthocyanins which show health benefits, anti-oxidant effect, anti-aging and anti-melanogenesis. Stability, sensory preference, skin trouble of the emulsion formula are important for cosmetic product development. In this study, we manufactured an emulsion formula for skin moisturizers using the two ingredients and tested emulsion stability and skin trouble. Total phenolic contents of the blueberry fruits extract were evaluated as well as tyrosinase inhibitory and collagenase inhibitory activities. $IC_{50}$ values of blueberry fruits extract for anti-tyrosinase and anti-collagenase activities were 168 and $112{\mu}g/mL$, respectively using gallic acid as a control ($64.8{\mu}g/mL$). The stability (pH and viscosity) of the formula containing 2% blueberry fruits extracts and 0.1% agarose was measured at five different temperatures (room temp., $25^{\circ}C$, $55^{\circ}C$, $45^{\circ}C$, $55^{\circ}C$) under the sun light at 2 day intervals for 12 days. There has been little pH change at the different temperatures. According to the sensory evaluation, there was no significant flavor, discoloration and physical changes of the formula at $25-65^{\circ}C$. These results suggest that emulsion formula containing blueberry extract and agarose could be used as a candidate for lotion and essence products.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2020

본 연구는 학교급식에서의 육찬 희망횟수와 어찬 선호도와의 연관성을 확인하기 위해 여고생 596명을 대상으로 조사한 융합연구이다. 데이터는 SPSS 22.0 프로그램을 이용하여 χ²-test와 ANOVA-test 및 Duncan's test를 시행하였다. 연구결과, 대상자들의 어찬에 대한 기호도 증진 방법에 대한 점수는 '먹기 편하게 조리'와 '비린내 제거' 항목의 점수에서 가장 높았다. '영양교육', '선호 식품과 배합', '비린내 제거' 및 '선호하는 맛 첨가' 항목의 점수는 육찬 희망횟수 '월 3회 이하'에서 '주 5회 이상'으로 증가할수록 유의하게 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이에 육찬의 희망횟수와 어찬 기호도와의 관련성을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 여고생들에게 생선 기호도 증대를 위한 방향 제시에 도움이 될 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.587-597
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• 2018

The quality characteristics of pudding products comprising of Korean Olbyossal (traditional steamed rice), added at different percentages, were examined to explore the application of Olbyossal to develop different types of processed food products. Five groups of pudding were produced containing 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of Olbyossal. Evaluation of their quality characteristics and antioxidant activities revealed that the control group (with no added Olbyossal) had the highest moisture content and pH (p<0.001). The sugar content and turbidity was highest in the 100% Olbyossal group and lowest in the control group (p<0.001). The salinity was lowest in the 100% Olbyossal group (p<0.001). In terms of color values, the L-value (p<0.001) and a-value were highest in the control group, while the b-value was highest in the 100% group (p<0.001). Texture properties revealed that hardness (p<0.001), springiness (p<0.01), and chewiness (p<0.001) decreased as the percentage of Olbyossal increased. Increase in adhesiveness was noted with an increase in the percentage of Olbyossal (p<0.01). Based on the sensory evaluation of Olbyossal pudding in terms of appearance (p<0.05), flavor (p<0.05), taste (p<0.01), texture (p<0.001), and overall quality (p<0.001), the 100% group showed the best results. Examination of Olbyossal pudding revealed that antioxidant activities, radical scavenging activities for DPPH and superoxide anion, and reducing power increased as the percentage of Olbyossal increased (p<0.001). Therefore, pudding containing 100% Olbyossal is considered as the ideal product with reference to the high level of preference and product quality.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.766-771
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• 2013

Tomato sauce is widely known as a health food, In this study perilla leaf was added to a tomato sauce and the resulting functional improvements were assessed. The moisture of the tomato sauce WITH 2% added perilla leaf was 89.52%, the highest observed likewise, sample pH also significantly increased with 2% perilla leaf, to the highest pH of 4.71, (p>0.001). Lightness L value of the control group was the highest at 40.70, and the redness a value and yellowness b value were highest in, the control group, at 15.77, and 17.70, respectively. The highest salinity was foung with 2% perilla leaf, 0.96, and the sugar content with 2% perilla leaf, was 9.57. The reducing sugar was highest in the control with 63.08. The change in the total bacterial counts was measured during 9 days of storage at $4^{\circ}C$, When perilla leaf was added to, the tomato sauce, no microorganisms were detected until 0~1 days of storage. After five days of storage, microorganisms were detected in the group with 2% perilla leaf. The control group ($1.8{\times}10^5$ CFU/ml) had the highest levels of microorganisms. As the amount of perilla leaf, the total viable count of microorganisms detected was less. In the acceptability test results, the color 6.9 of the 1.5% treatment group, received the highest evaluation. Flavor and taste of the 2% perilla leaf treatment group were highly appreciated at 6.1 and 6.6, respectively. The ranking of overall acceptability was 1.5%>1%>0.5%>10%>2% of perilla leaf; 2% perilla leaf was the most underrated. Based on these results, up to 1.5% perilla leaf could be added to tomato sauce and the commercial potential could be very high.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1374-1383
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• 2003

The effect of applying edible coating and addition of antioxidants (butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) plus butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in a 1:1 ratio) on pork patties were investigated prior to achieve desired physico-chemical, microbiological and sensory qualities. For this, five treatments were conducted as (i) control (neither coated nor antioxidants treated); (ii) coated without antioxidants treated; (iii) coated and antioxidants added in the batter mix only (100 ppm); (iv) coated and antioxidants added in meat mix (100 ppm) only; and (v) coated and antioxidants added both in the batter mix (50 ppm) and the meat mix (50 ppm). Addition of antioxidants both in the batter mix and the meat mix significantly (p<0.05) reduced the microbial loads and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values. The TBA values significantly (p<0.05) increased up to day 14 and then progressively increased with the advancement of each interval of storage days up to 28 days. Total plate count significantly (p<0.05) increased with the increase in storage days.Coliform and Staphylococcus aureus were absent throughout the storage days in all samples. Staphylococcus aureus however, were present in the control group at day 14 and in enrobed (coated) patties (without antioxidants treated) at 28th day. Addition of antioxidants to batter mix and meat mix did not substantially enhance bacteriostatic activity. Application of coatings and antioxidants retarded the loss of firmness, flavor, changes in appearance and color, and also other sensory attributes. Control patties were better with respect to microbial quality and TBA values but had poorer sensory quality than coated patties.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.577-581
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• 2007

The effects of intramuscular fat on the sensory characteristics of M. longissimus dorsi in Japanese Black steers were investigated by a trained analytical panel (average 13.4 panelists). Five sets (10 head) of artificial identical twins were divided into 2 groups, high level of intramuscular fat group (HG) which utilized the fattening method of increasing intramuscular fat and low level of intramuscular fat group (LG) which did not use the above method. Regarding M. longissmus dorsi which was produced for use in the sensory evaluation, crude fat contents of HG and LG was 25.8% and 23.2% respectively (p<0.05). Warner-Bratzler shear force, water holding capacity, cooking loss and fatty acid composition of HG and LG were similar between the two groups. M. Longissimus dorsi taken from HG and LG were tested for their sensory characteristics by a trained panel. HG was given higher points for juiciness than LG (p<0.05). There were no significant differences for tenderness and flavor between the two groups. Overall acceptability which synthesized each of the sensory characteristics of HG and LG were 5.04 and 4.69 points respectively (p = 0.05). These results suggested that juiciness increased with the increase of intramuscular fat, and this raised the overall acceptability of M. longissimus dorsi.