• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.578-588
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• 2008

소아치과학이 목표로 하는 어린이와 청소년의 구강건강을 달성하기 위하여는 민간 치과의료기관에서 내원 환자를 대상으로 하는 진료만으로는 한계가 있으며 공공서비스(公共service)의 역할이 필요하다. 학교구강보건실이 설치된 초등학교는 전체의 7.2%이었고, 초등학교 중에서 불소용액양치사업을 수행한 비율은 57.5%, 급식 후 집단잇솔질을 한 비율은 46.9%이 었으며, 초등학생 중에서 구강보건교육을 받은 비율은 48.0%, 치아홈메우기를 받은 비율은 12.4%이었다(2006년). $0{\sim}6$세 영유아의 약 42%가 지난 1년간 구강검진, 불소도포, 치면세마, 치아홈메우기 중 하나 이상의 예방적 치과진료를 받았으며, 받은 장소는 교육시설이 약 18%, 보건소가 약 1%이었다(2005년). 불소농도가 조정된 수돗물을 마시는 인구 비율은 전국 평균이 5.7%이었다(2006년). 학교구강보건사업의 발전을 위해서 행정의 일원화, 보건교사에 대한 교육, 구강보건교사제도의 도입, 순회 학교치과의사와 학교치과병원을 통한 포괄적 진료서비스의 제공 등을 고려할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 아동.청소년 주치의제의 도입으로 민간기관을 통해 공공서비스를 강화하는 방안이 검토되고 있다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.186-189
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• 1998

악성 간엽종은 유아와 태생기에서 매우 드문 종양이다. 악성간엽종은 성인에서 극히 드물고 섬유조직이외의 둘 또는 그 이상의 간엽성분으로 구성된 종양으로 결체조직의 어떤 형태로도 분화할 가능성이 있는 태생기 간엽에서 기원한다고 생각된다. 환자는 61세 남자로 2개월 전 가래를 동반한 기침을 주소로 검사를 받던 중 우폐상부에 매우 큰 종괴를 보이는 암종으로 입원하였다. 환자는 우폐상부 미세침윤조직검사상 편평상피세포암 의심하에 우전폐절제술을 받았다. 수술장 소견상 종괴는 흉벽과 심하게 유착되었으며 우폐하부까지 침습된 소견을 보이는 악성간엽종으로 진단되었다. 환자는 수술후 5,000rad의 방사선 조사를 받고 수술후 6개월째인 현재까지 재발징후없이 경과 관찰중이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.58-62
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• 1994

저자들은 폐렴간균 폐렴에 의한 우상엽의 용적 증가로 인하여 유발된 상대정맥 증후군 1예를 임상 경험한후 medline검색상 SVCS의 유발 원인으로서 폐렴간균 폐렴은 최초의 증례로 사료되므로 이에 보고하는 바이다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.273-284
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• 2018

A detailed understanding of the mechanical behaviors for crushed coal rocks after grouting is a key for construction in the broken zones of mining engineering. In this research, experiments of grouting into the crushed coal rock using independently developed test equipment for solving the problem of sampling of crushed coal rocks have been carried out. The application of uniaxial compression was used to approximately simulate the ground stress in real engineering. In combination with the analysis of crack evolution and failure modes for the grouted specimens, the influences of different crushed degrees of coal rock (CDCR) and solidified grout strength (SGS) on the mechanical behavior of grouted specimens under uniaxial compression were investigated. The research demonstrated that first, the UCS of grouted specimens decreased with the decrease in the CDCR at constant SGS (except for the SGS of 12.3 MPa). However, the UCS of grouted specimens for constant CDCR increased when the SGS increased; optimum solidification strengths for grouts between 19.3 and 23.0 MPa were obtained. The elastic moduli of the grouted specimens with different CDCR generally increased with increasing SGS, and the peak axial strain showed a slightly nonlinear decrease with increasing SGS. The supporting effect of the skeleton structure produced by the solidified grouts was increasingly obvious with increasing CDCR and SGS. The possible evolution of internal cracks for the grouted specimens was classified into three stages: (1) cracks initiating along the interfaces between the coal blocks and solidified grouts; (2) cracks initiating and propagating in coal blocks; and (3) cracks continually propagating successively in the interfaces, the coal blocks, and the solidified grouts near the coal blocks. Finally, after the propagation and coalescence of internal cracks through the entire specimens, there were two main failure modes for the failed grouted specimens. These modes included the inclined shear failure occurring in the more crushed coal rock and the splitting failure occurring in the less crushed coal rock. Both modes were different from the single failure mode along the fissure for the fractured coal rock after grouting solidification. However, compared to the brittle failure of intact coal rock, grouting into the different crushed degree coal rocks resulted in ductile deformation after the peak strength for the grouted specimens was attained.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2008

Oral health projects that cater to the disabled should be more prevailing in order to ensure the maintenance and successful promotion of the oral health of disabled people. 70 public dental clinics that conducted oral health projects geared toward the disabled were examined to get a precise grip on their oral health projects. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. 31 out of 70 public dental clinics investigated(44.3%) were equipped with two or more dental hygienists who were professional human resources in charge of the oral health projects for the disabled. As for the age and disability type of the beneficiaries of the oral health projects, adolescents(74.3%) and people with mental retardation(87.1%) benefited most from the oral health projects. Concerning the most common implementation frequency of the projects, the projects were carried out once to three times a week(62.9%). 2. The most dominant oral disease treatment provided to disabled people was amalgam treatment and resin treatment(68.6%), which were the early dental caries treatment. The most common preventive treatment that was offered to improve their oral health was oral prophylaxis(82.9%). As for reform measures for the oral health projects, education of personnels in charge of the projects and their specialization(58.6%) were most emphasized. 3. Regarding factors related to the preventive oral health projects for the disabled, the implementation of oral prophylaxis and toothbrushing education was linked to the age of the beneficiaries. More oral prophylaxis was offered to teens, and more toothbrushing education was provided to preschoolers and adolescents. The age of the beneficiaries and the number of dental hygienists responsible for the projects had something to do with the application of fluorides. 4. Concerning the relationship of the preventive oral health projects for the disabled to the number of dental hygienists, one of the personnels in charge of the projects, the application of fluorides( 54.4%) and pit & fissure sealing(56.8%) were more prevalent when there were two or more dental hygienists. There was a statistically significant disparity in that regard(p<0.05). The above-mentioned findings illustrated that in order to boost the oral health of the disabled, dental hygienists who are responsible for the oral health projects for the disabled should put ceaseless efforts into fostering their professional knowledge and ability and offering quality service to disabled patients. Every public dental clinic should be equipped with plenty of professional personnels to enlarge the scope of treatment and ensure the efficiency of treatment and the preventive projects.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.135-144
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• 2005

하부 조선누층군의 풍촌층 고품위 석회석 광체에서는 그 상위의 지층인 화절층으로부터 유래된 극미립의 적갈색 변질물이 열극을 따라 충진 및 피복하는 양상을 보이며 산출된다. 표성기원을 시사하는 산출상태와 광물조성을 이루는 이 침전물은 석회석 광체를 오염시킴으로써, 품위와 품질을 저하시키는 결과를 초래한다. 이 풍화산물은 옥수질 석영, 고령석, 일라이트, 침철석 및 적철석이 주요 자생광물을 이루며 곳에 따라 스멕타이트가 소량 수반된다. 그밖에 원지성 광물편들인 운모와 정장석들이 드물게 상대적으로 큰 입도를 이루며 함유된다. 고령석, 일라이트 및 스멕타이트로 구성되는 이 풍화산물의 다소 복잡한 점토광물상은 석회암 풍화잔류토의 전형에 해당되는 것으로 여겨진다. 이 극미립 풍화물은 곳에 따라 열수에 의해서 재차 변질되어 스틸바이트 같은 열수 기원의 제올라이트 광물을 수반하기도 한다. 이 표성변질물의 생성 및 침투 시기는 풍촌층의 고품위 석회석을 형성시킨 천열수 변질작용의 시기 직후, 즉 쥬라기 초기에 해당되는 것으로 해석된다. 조선 누층군의 응기 및 풍화${\cdot}$ 침식의 시점을 시사하는 이 같은 표성변질 양상은 산소가 풍부한 표층수가 하강하는 환경 하에서 석회질 모암 내에서 화학적 용탈과 확산 방식으로 작용한 것으로 여겨진다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2005

The study aimed to estimate the importance of job tasks, job training requirement and work satisfaction felt by dental hygienists to help dental hygienists work efficiently and effectively. A total of 142 dental hygienists working in dental hospitals located in J participated in the study. A SPSS 10.10 for Windows was used for statistical analysis. The statistical significance was defined as ${\alpha}$=.05. The results of the study are summarized as follows: 1. The mean score for the importance of job tasks was 4.09. The respondents considered dental clinic management and assistance to dentists the most important among their job descriptions showing the mean score of 4.44. The need for job training was 4.15 in average. The respondents wanted to have training on how to make a dental health insurance claim to receive payment other than any training with the mean score of 4.42. The work satisfaction of the respondents was 3.65 in average. The respondents were most satisfied with their work in dental assistance. 2. By the category of job tasks, the levels of importance of job tasks, job training requirement and work satisfaction were higher in plague removal with an ultrasonic scaler related to clinical oral prophylaxis, pit and fissure sealants related to preventive dental treatment and instruction in the correct usage of toothbrush related to public dental health education 3. In dealing with dental radiation machines, the radiation protection was considered the most important. While the training for periapical radiography was most needed, the respondents were satisfied with working in the same area. The levels of job importance, training requirement and work satisfaction were high in preventive dental care in the community performed in relation to the public dental health care. 4. In the dental health insurance claim category, the levels of importance of job task, training requirement and work satisfaction were higher in insurance claiming. The levels of job importance and training requirement were high in dental clinic management and assistance to dentists performed for preventive dental treatment. The work satisfaction was higher in maintaining medical chart records. The levels of job importance, training requirement and work satisfaction were higher in dental assistance in relation to dental protection. 5. There was significant relationship between the level of importance and work experience. Those with a longer period of work experience had higher levels of job importance in dental health insurance claim, dental clinic management and assistance to dentists and the overall task(pE0.05). 6. A significant relationship was observed between the need for job training in dental cleaning and preventive dental treatment and work experience. Those with more than 8 years of work experience demonstrated that job training is most needed(pE0.05). 7. The work satisfaction level was higher in the group with more than 8 years of work experience, compared with those in other work experience periods(pE0.05). 8. A positive correlation was seen between the level of importance and the need for job training among three variables.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.357-367
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture strength of class II restored premolars with amalgam, posterior composite, amalgam - Ketac silver, resin - Ketac silver restorations at marginal ridge. Fifty extacted maxillary and mandibular premolar teeth that were caries free, fracture free, and restoration free were selected and randomly divided into five groups : Group 1 : 10 intact teeth, Group 2 : 10 teeth with class II cavities and restored with, amalgam, Group 3: 10 teeth with class II cavities and restored with posterior resin, Group 4 : 10 teeth with class II cavities and restored with amalgam - ketac silver, Group 5 : 10 teeth with class II cavities and restored with resin - Ketac silver. All teeth were mounted in base of dental stone within metal rings of 2cm diameter, exposing only the crown portion. Class II mesio - occlusal or disto - occlusal cavities were prepared into specimens of Group 2 through 5 by using a No. 710 fissure bur. The occlusal portion was prepared to a faciolingual width of 1.5mm and a pulpal depth of 1.5mm. The proximal protion was prepared to a faciolingual width of 4mm, a occlusogingival height of 4mm, and a gingival floor of 1.5mm. The teeth in Group 2 and 3 were resotored with silver amalgam apd posterior resin respectively. In Group 4 and 5, proximal portions were first filled with Ketac silver 1.5mm gingivally and remaining cavities were restored with amalgam and posterior resin respectively. All specimens were stored in 100 % relative humidity at $37^{\circ}C$ for 48 hours before testing. All teeth were subjected to a compressive load in a Universal Instron Testing Machine at marginal ridges. The loads required to fracture the restorations were recorded in killograms and the data obtained were subjected to statisticall analysis. The results were all follows : 1. The fracture strength of Group 1 which were unprepared were $100{\pm}10.1\;kg$ and the higher values than Group 2, 3, 4, 5 which were prepared and resotred. 2. In restored groups, Group 2 had the higher fracture strength($81.8{\pm}12.4\;kg$) than other groups and Group 4 had the lowest fracture strength($66.8{\pm}9.2kg$). 3. There were significant differences between fracture strength of between Group 1 and Group 3, 4, 5(P<0.05), but not significant difference between fracture strength of Group 2, 3, 4, 5(P>0.05).

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.375-380
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• 2008

본 연구는 초등학교 구강보건사업에 대한 유용성을 제시하고자 안양시에 소재한 B초등학교의 학교구강보건사업의 사업군과 대조군을 대상으로 구강건강상태 및 구강보건지식, 태도, 행동 그리고 이와 관련된 변수들의 연관성을 조사 분석한 바 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 조사 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 성별, 학년, 부모의 직업, 부모의 교육수준과 영구치우식경험도의 차이를 보면 성별과 학년에서 두 집단 간에 유의한 차이가 있었다(p < 0.05). 2. 학교구강보건실 구강보건사업의 사업군과 대조군의 구강보건 지식, 태도, 행동 수준을 비교해 본 결과 행동과 태도에서 두 집단 사이에 유의한 차이를 나타냈으며(p < 0.05), 지식에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3. 학교구강보건실 구강보건사업의 사업군과 대조군의 구강건강인지도, 구강건강상태만족도, 구강치료필요도에 따른 차이를 비교해 본 결과 두 집단 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었다(p > 0.05). 4. 주관적 구강건강인지도, 건강상태만족도, 치료필요도, 구강보건지식, 태도, 행동, 영구치우식경험도간의 상호연관성에 대한 분석결과 구강보건에 대한 지식이 높을수록 구강보건에 대한 태도와 행동이 적극적이었으며(P < 0.01), 구강보건태도가 좋을수록 행동에 적극적이었다(p < 0.05). 5. 구강보건에 대한 태도가 양호할수록 영구치우식경험도는 낮게 조사되었으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었고(p > 0.05), 구강보건행동과 영구치우식경험도와는 약간의 음의 연관성이 있었다(p < 0.05). 6. 주관적 구강건강인지도와 구강건강상태만족도는 강한 양의 상관관계가 있었고, 영구치우식경험도가 높을수록 구강건강인지도가 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다(p < 0.05). 또한 영구치우식경험도가 높을수록 구강병치료가 필요하다고 느끼는 것으로 나타났으며, 구강보건지식이 높고 태도가 좋을수록 구강치료가 필요없다고 느끼는 것으로 나타났다(p < 0.05).

• 암석학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.96-110
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• 1997

원동 칼데라의 화산작용은 화도에서 어떤 외부물과 상호작용되는 수증기마그마성 분출작용으로 시작하여 점차 물의 유입이 차단됨으로써 저플리언 분출작용으로 전환되었으며 이는 다시 회류분출로 전환되었다. 이 회류분출은 초기에는 중앙화구로부터 일어났으며 후기에는 환상 열극화구로 전환되었다. 이러한 환상 열극화구로부터 회류분출의 방출율이 급격히 커짐으로써 원동 칼데라가 형성되고 뒤이어 환상단열대를 따라 석영반암이 관입되어 환상암맥을 형성하였다. 그리고 이 칼데라 모우트에는 오랬동안 응회질 퇴적물이 채워지면서 반상유문암 용암이 초기 소생도움으로부터 분류되었으며, 환상단열대의 다른 틈을 따라 소량의 회류응회암이 분출되었다. 그리고 소생도움이 더 커지면서 세립질 화강섬록암이 관입되었으며, 마지막으로 지속적 소생작용으로 칼데라 중앙부에 각섬석 흑운모 화강암이 정치되어 완전한 소생도움을 형성하는 과정을 겪었다.